Gender-Based Differences in Labor Market Returns in Indian Manufacturing:Evidences From NSS Rounds

This paper explores the gender-based differences in labor market returns in Indian manufacturing sector during 2004/05-2011/12 and finds that the female to male wage ratio improved significantly for the blue-collar workers majorly in rural areas. The reason had been a major sectoral change among female blue-collar workers in rural areas. A sharp increase in the share of employment in wearing apparels industries and a decline in the share of tobacco industries led to a high rise in share of workers in regular monthly salary system and a decline in share of workers in piece-rate payment system among rural female blue-collar workers. Methodologies used here are Neumark decomposition analysis, Logit and Ordered Logit regressions.