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Mandalika, Subhadra
- Association Between Glycemic Indices, hs-CRP and Anthropometrical Parameters of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Authors
Affiliations
1 College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketan, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, IN
2 Asian Heart Institute and Sir H N R F Hospital, Mumbai, IN
1 College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketan, University of Mumbai, Mumbai, IN
2 Asian Heart Institute and Sir H N R F Hospital, Mumbai, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 55, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 187-196Abstract
Risk of obesity, inflammatory conditions and poor glycemic control have been reported to be lower among vegetarian T2DM patients due to their lower intake of fat, high intake of dietary fiber and micronutrients. However, several factors influence dietary practices and thereby glycemic control among patients which demands in depth observation. A cross-sectional observational study to examine the association between body composition, glycemic control and hs-CRP of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients was conducted on 160 uncontrolled T2DM patients including 81 (50.6%) vegetarians and 79 (49.4%) non-vegetarians with mean age of 49.8±7.2 years. They were assessed for body composition using anthropometry. Biochemical parameters [(Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Post Prandial Blood Sugar (PPBS), Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and high sensitive C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP)] were obtained from their case files. Data were analysed using SPSS software for Windows (Version 16.0, 2007, SPSS Inc, Chicago IL). Anthropometric indices (weight, BMI, WC, hip circumference, WHR, BMR, visceral fat) and hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in vegetarians than non-vegetarians (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in FBS, PPBS and HbA1C between the two groups (p>0.05). Vegetarian participants had higher hs-CRP (≥3.0 mg/dl) and poor glycemic control. A positive correlation of anthropometry indices with hs-CRP was also observed among the participants (p<0.05). Dietary practices of vegetarians might vary across the populations and communities and hence there is a strong need to strictly consider these differences in the development of dietary strategies for T2DM.Keywords
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Anthropometry, Glycemic Marker, Hs-cRP, Vegetarian, Non Vegetarian.
References
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- Nutritional Status and Cognitive Abilities of Adults (20-60 years) from the City of Mumbai
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Home Science, University of Mumbai, Mumbai - 400 020, IN
1 Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Home Science, University of Mumbai, Mumbai - 400 020, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 56, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 167-183Abstract
Early identification of cognitive failure and its association with nutritional status might aid in the planning of appropriate prevention strategies. The present study was planned to find out the association between the age, gender, body composition and dietary nutrient consumption of adult males and females residing in the city of Mumbai, with their cognitive ability. Four hundred apparently healthy adults (20-60 years) residing in the city of Mumbai were purposively selected for the survey. Cognitive ability of participants was assessed using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) tool. Anthropometric and body composition parameters were analysed using standard procedures. Information on the dietary nutrient intake was collected using 3 day dietary recall method. Data was statistically analysed using the IBM SPSS (Version 22) software and Microsoft excel 2007 for windows. MCI was found in 21.5% of the participants. High prevalence of general and abdominal obesity was also observed in the participants. Data on the dietary nutrient intake showed that young adults (20-40 years) with high dietary fat especially SFA and MUFA consumption were found to be at a lower risk of developing MCI. Their anthropometric parameters i.e. Body Mass Index positively correlated with cognitive scores (p<0.05) whereas in older adults (40-60 years), body fat showed negative association (p<0.05) where as height, muscle mass and bone mass showed positive association with their cognitive scores (p<0.01). Thus, results of the study suggested that early detection of cognitive impairment would facilitate prevention of further neurodegeneration. Hence, identifying and preventing risk factors of cognitive impairment such as obesity and encouraging consumption of neuroprotective foods would help in the prevention of cognitive impairment.Keywords
Cognition, MCI, MMSE, Anthropometry Measurements, Neuro-Degeneration, Obesity, MUFAReferences
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- Impact of Covid-19 on Psychological Stress and its Association with Dietary Practices of Indian Youth (18-25 years)
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketen, Mumbai - 400 020, Maharastra
2 Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketen, Mumbai - 400 020, Maharastra, IN
1 Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketen, Mumbai - 400 020, Maharastra
2 Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Home Science, Nirmala Niketen, Mumbai - 400 020, Maharastra, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 59, No 4 (2022), Pagination: 492-505Abstract
Consequences of COVID-19 pandemic can have a detrimental impact on psychological health of youth. Eating in response to stress, emotional cues and boredom may lead to excess consumption of high fat and high sugar foods, adversely affecting physical as well as mental health. To assess the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on psychological health, dietary and lifestyle practices among youth. A total of 261 youth (18-25 years) residing in India were studied for psychological stress and dietary practices during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Participants were recruited in an online survey using snowball and convenience sampling techniques. An online questionnaire was designed to elicit information on socio-demographic details, physical activity, dietary habits and frequency of foods consumed before and during the pandemic. Covid-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) was used to assess stress. As per the CPDI scores of 261 participants enrolled, 13% were severely stressed while 32.95% had mild-moderate stress. Daily exercise during lockdown significantly predicted CPDI scores (p<0.05). Frequency of consuming fried foods, soft drinks, desserts and fast-food prior and during the lockdown was significantly associated with stress whereas frequency of consuming nuts was negatively associated (p<0.05). Frequent snacking and consumption of outside food was also associated with CPDI scores (p<0.01). COVID-19 has adversely impacted mental health and dietary habits thereby leading to severe distress and disease risk among youth. Stress management and adaptation of healthy diet and lifestyle should be recommended as a nonpharmacological approach towards holistic health among youth.Keywords
COVID-19, Dietary Habits, Psychological Stress, Mental Health, Physical ActivityReferences
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