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In the joining of materials, choice of methods, requirement of energy, time and material all demand the involvement of expert knowledge. In a batch process or in continuous large scale industrial welding process in particular, the output could either wholly justify or negate the assessed cost. Cutting corners, however is not an expert solution, particularly when cost-margin is a prickly issue. Once the joining is over by stages, Non-Destructive Testing CNDT) of the weld joint is carried out. It is not quality on the one hand and cost margin on the other, but rather both coincidentally support the “value base" of the product.


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