Journal of Natural Remedies

C. R. Pawar , V. S. Gulecha , M. Mohan , V. S. Kasture , S. C. Pal

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the Anti-inflammatory Activity of methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of heartwood of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. Method: Anti-inflammatory Activity of methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of heartwood of Caesalpinia pulcherrima (30, 100, 300 mg/kg, p.o.) was studied in rats using Carrageenan induced hind paw edema method. Result: Both methanolic and petroleum ether extracts showed maximum anti-inflammatory effect when compared with control group. From these methanol extract (30, 100, 300 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly (p<0.05) inhibited Carrageenan induced hind paw edema. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of heartwood of Caesalpinia pulcherrima contain bioactive principles, which possess anti-inflammatory activity.

Keywords

Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Anti-inflammatory Activity, Carrageenan

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V. D. Kakad , M. Mohan , V. S. Kasture , S. B. Kasture

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of methanolic extract of Vitis vinifera (VVE) and methanolic fraction (MF) of methanolic extract on memory and behaviour mediated by monoamines. Methods: The effect of VVE and MF on memory was studied using Passive shock avoidance paradigm, Elevated plus maze (EPM) paradigm and Object recognition test. The effect of extract on clonidine induced hypothermia, lithium induced head twitches, haloperidol induced catalepsy and sodium nitrite induced hypoxia was observed to study the behaviour mediated by noradrenaline, serotonin, dopamine and Acetylcholine respectively. Scopolamine (0.3 mg/kg) was used to induce cognitive dysfunction. Piracetam (100 mg/kg) served as a standard nootropic drug. Results: Methanolic fraction (MF) of extract significantly (P<0.05) reversed scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. The VVE and MF exhibited significant (P<0.05) nootropic activity in all three models of memory. VVE and MF decreased lithium induced head twitches, modified haloperidol induced catalepsy and decreased percentage mortality induced by sodium nitrite. However, clonidine induced hypothermia was not modified. Conclusion: Thus, the raisins of Vitis vinifera contain bio-active principle(s) which possess prominent nootropic activity. It also modified 5-HT, DA and Ach mediated behaviour.

Keywords

Vitis vinifera, Nootropic, Noradrenaline, Serotonin, Dopamine, Acetylcholine

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M. Mohan , A. Banekar , T. Birdi , P. Bharambe , S. Kaul , A. Patel

Abstract

Objective: To study the nootropic and anxiolytic activity of Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) seeds. Methods: Acetone soluble fraction (ASF) of methanol extract (ME) of Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) seeds was assessed for its nootropic and anxiolytic activities. ASF (100,200 and 400 mg/kg) administered intra-peritoneally exhibited nootropic and anxiolytic activity in Passive shock avoidance paradigm and elevated plus maze (EPM) paradigm respectively. Scopolamine (1mg/kg ) was used to induce cognitive dysfunction. Mentat (100 mg/kg) and Diazepam (1 mg/kg) served as standard nootropic and anxiolytic drugs respectively. Results: In Passive shock avoidance paradigm, ASF (100,200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.05) reduced the number of mistakes and increased the time spent in shock free zone compared to vehicle treated group. ASF (400 mg/kg) significantly reversed the effects of Scopolamine(1 mg/ kg). In Elevated plus maze ASF 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.05) increased the time spent in open arms and the entries in open arms Conclusion: Thus, the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum contain bio-active principle(s) which possess nootropic and anxiolytic activity.

Keywords

Anxiolytic, Trigonella Foenum-graecum, Nootropic

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M. Mohan , N. Kaul , A. Punekar , R. Girnar , P. Junnare , L. Patil

Abstract

Objective: To study the nootropic activity of leaves of Moringa oleifera. Methods: Toluene-ethylacetate fraction of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera (MOE) leaves was assessed for its nootropic activity using passive shock avoidance paradigm and elevated plus maze. MOE ( 50 and 100 mg/kg ) was compared with Piracetam (100 mg/kg ). Scopolamine (1 mg/kg) was used to induce cognitive dysfunction. The extract was also studied for its effect on gross behaviour. Results: MOE (50 and 100 mg/kg ) significantly decreased Transfer Latency(TL) on Day 2. The extract reduced the latency to reach the SFZ and the number of mistakes. No adverse effects were observed upto a dose of 200 mg/kg. Conclusion: Thus the leaves of Moringa oleifera possess a potential for exploring the nootropic principle.

Keywords

Nootropic, Moringa oleifera, Passive Avoidance, Plus Maze

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