Antioxidant and Anti Aging Assays of Oryza sativa Extracts, Vanillin and Coumaric Acid

Aging is a natural process in humans as accumulation of oxygen-derived free radicals which leads to the activation of hyaluronidase, collagenase and elastase, that can further contribute to cellular and tissue damage. Bioactive compounds from plants have been used as antioxidant that might inhibit aging processes as well. This study aimed to determine antioxidant and anti aging properties of Oryza sativa Extract (OSE), and its compounds, vanillin and coumaric acid. The phytochemical analysis of OSE was performed with Farnsworth modified method. Antioxidant activities were performed by measurement of 2,2-diphenyl 1-pichylhydazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenger, Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) reducing activity, while anti aging assay were observed through inhibitory of elastase, collagenase, and hyaluronidase activities. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of terpenoids and saponins in high level. OSE showed lowest DPPH activity (IC₅₀ = 314.51 μg/mL) compared to vanillin (IC₅₀ = 283 μg/mL) and coumaric acid (IC₅₀ = 255.69 μg/mL). In ABTS assay, OSE resulted lowest activity(IC₅₀ = 145.67 μg/mL), compared to vanillin (IC₅₀ = 4.96 μg/mL) and coumaric acid (IC₅₀ = 1.67 μg/mL). OSE also showed the lowest FRAP-reducing activity (21.26 μM Fe(II)/μg), compared to vanillin (35.05 μM Fe(II)/μg) and coumaric acid (48.52μM Fe(II)/μg). OSE showed the lowest collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 816.78,107.51, and 203.13 μg/mL), compared to vanillin (IC₅₀ = 16.27, 14.46, 45.23 μg/mL respectively) and coumaric acid (IC₅₀ = 146.89, 25.38, 8.21 μg/mL respectively). In summary, OSE possess the lowest antioxidant and anti aging activities compared to vanillin and coumaric acid.