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Surendra Gopal, K.
- Antagonistic Activity of Endophytic Trichoderma against Phytophthora Rot of Black Pepper (Piper nigrumL.)
Abstract Views :364 |
PDF Views:185
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University Thrissur 680 656, Kerala, IN
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University Thrissur 680 656, Kerala, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 25, No 1 (2011), Pagination: 48–50Abstract
Endophytic isolates of Trichoderma viride and T. pseudokoningii from black pepper caused 64.4 and 65.6 per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici in vitro. In planta screening showed that the isolate of T. viride was efficient in reducing Phytophthora rot incidence and enhancing plant growth characters. In pot and field experiments also this isolate resulted in the lowest infection by the pathogen.Keywords
Endophytes, Trichoderma viride, T. pseudokoningii, Phytophthora capsici, Black Pepper.References
- Bailey, B. A., Bae H., Strem M. D., Crozier, J., Thomas, S. E., Samuels, G. J., Vinyard, B. T., Holmes, K. A. 2008. Antibiosis, mycoparasitism and colonization success for endophytic Trichoderma isolates with biological control potential in Theobroma cacao. Biological Control, 46: 24–35
- Datar, V. V. and Mayee, C. D. 1981. Assessment of losses in tomato yields due to early blight. Indian Phytopathology, 34: 191–195.
- Li, H., Qing, C., Zhang, Y. and Zhao, Z. 2005. Screening for endophytic fungi with anti-tumour and anti-fungal activities from Chinese medicinal plants. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 21: 1515–1519
- McInroy, J. A. and Kloepper, J. W. 1995. Survey of indigenous bacterial endophytes from cotton and sweet corn. Plant and Soil, 173: 337–342.
- Mejia, L. C., Rojas, E. I., Maynard, Z., Bael, S. V., Arnold, A. E., Hebbar, K. P., Samuels, G. J., Robbins, N. and Herre, E. A. 2008. Endophytic fungi as biocontrol agents of Theobroma cacao pathogen. Biological Control, 46: 4–14.
- Samuels, G. J., Pardo-Schutheiss, R. A., Hebbar, K. P., Lumsden, R. D., Bastos, C. N., Costa, J. C., and Bezerrai, J. L. 2000. Trichoderma stromaticum sp.nov. – a parasite of the cacao witche’s broom pathogen. Mycological Research, 104: 760–764.
- Sobowale A. A., Cardwell, K. F., Odebode, A. C., Bandyopadhyay, R. and Jonathan, S. G. 2007. Persistence of Trichoderma spp. within maize stem against Fusarium verticillioides. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant protection, 40: 215–231.
- Vijayaraghavan, R. 2003. Management of Phytophthora diseae in black pepper nursery. M.Sc. thesis, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India, 121 pp.
- Safer Management Practices for Aflatoxigenic Fungi in Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans)
Abstract Views :268 |
PDF Views:110
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
3 Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
1 Department of Plant Pathology, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
3 Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 31, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 205-211Abstract
A study was undertaken to determine the presence of aflatoxigenic fungi and other fungal contaminants in the kernel, mace and shell of ripened nutmeg tree fruits collected from nutmeg plots of Ernakulam and Thrissur districts of Kerala. Mace and nut were separated from fruits and washed in tap water to remove soil particles and other debris adhering to it. The kernel, mace and shell were subjected to different chemical/botanicals by four methods viz; dipping, decoction, samples in cloth bag and fumigation in order to prevent aflatoxigenic fungi and other fungal growth during storage. Based on the present studies, it was found that pre-treatment of kernel, mace and shell of nutmeg with either citrus leaf decoction (@100 g/litre) or curry leaf decoction (@ 100 g/litre) or Anona seed extract (5%) using decoction method were effective against aflatoxigenic fungi as well as fungal contamination. However, further studies are needed on pilot scale to confirm.Keywords
Aflatoxigenic Fungi, Botanicals, Chemicals, Nutmeg.References
- Basappa SC. 2009. Aflatoxins: Formation, Analysis and Control. Alpha Science International, Oxford. PMCid:PMC2814305.
- Ezekiel CN, Fapohunda SO, Olorunfemi MF, Oyebanji AO, Obi I. 2013. Mycobiotica and aflatoxin B1 contamination of Piper guineense (Ashanti pepper), Piper nigrum (black pepper) and Monodora myristica (calabash nutmeg) from Lagos, Nigeria. Int food Res J. 20: 111–116.
- Okano K, Tomita T, Ohzu Y, Takai M, Ose A, Kotsuka A, Ikeda N, Sakata J, Kumeda Y, Nakamura N, Ichinoe M. 2012. Aflatoxins B and G contamination and aflatoxigenic fungi in nutmeg. Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi 53(5): 211–216. Crossref PMid:23154760.
- Vats M, Singh H, Sardana S. 2011. Antimicrobial activity of curry leaves and papaya leaves against pathogenic strains. Brazilian J Microbiol. 42(4): 1517–8382.
- Maruti J, Dhanavade, Chidamber B, Jalkute, Ghosh JS, Sonawane KD. 2011. Study Antimicrobial Activity of Lemon (Citrus lemon L.) Peel Extract. British J Pharmacol Toxicology 2(3): 119–122.
- Setyawati O, Dharmaputra, Santiambarwati, Retnowati I, Nurfadila N. 2015. Fungal infection and aflatoxin contamination in stored nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) kernels at various stages of delivery chain in north Sulawesi province. BIOTROPIA. 22(2): 129.
- Koushik OS, Srinivasa Babu P, Karthikeyan R. 2017. Phyto chemical screening and evaluation of antifungal activity on the seed extracts of Annona squamosa (L) and Manilkara zapota (L.) CIBTech J Biotech 2319-3859: (online) (1) pp. 8–11.
- Vidyasagar GM, Shivakumar Singh P. 2012. A comparative antimicrobial activity of methanolic ischolar_main, leaf, seed cotyledon extracts of Annona squamosa L. International J Pharmacol Pharmaceutical Sci. 4(5): 289–292.