M. Prem Jeya Kumar ¹, K. Gopalakrishnan ², V. Srinivasan ¹, R. Anbazhagan ¹, J. Sundeep Aanand ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Automobile Engineering, Bharath University, Chennai-73
2 Department of Electronics, Bharath University, Chennai-73
3 Department of Computer Science Engineering, Bharath University, Chennai-73

Abstract

The car suspension system of this model contains two parts. The first part deals with the formulation of a mathematical model for a conventional full car passive suspension system. Typically, the mathematical modeling is done on the basis of mechanical network analysis. The second part deals with simulation of the mathematical model of the suspension system. Simulation is carried out using MATLAB. Program was carried out for MATLAB and the simulation results were obtained in the form of graphical plots.

Keywords

Passive Suspension Sprung Mass, Unsprung Mass, Dampers, Spring

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V. Srinivasan

Abstract

Hydrostatic bearing finds wide application in machine tools with various technologies because of their high stiffness and damping characteristic. The environmental conditions, such as low and/or high temperatures, dust and dirt, moisture and unusual mounting conditions, can also affect a bearing's performance adversely. Therefore, both mechanical and environmental factors may affect the choice of a bearing and its performance. For high speed applications it is necessary to have design data including the effect of rotational lubricant inertia.The objective of the study is to design a hydrostatic bearing with following properties such as high stiffness, damping characteristic and lubrication inertia. In the present study Reynolds equation is used and boundary conditions are changed for various parameters such as temperature distribution, viscosity variation and radial load. The simulated results were analyzed in detail and found that increasing the viscosity of hydrostatic thrust bearing under specific conditions when both surfaces are rotated, the wear and tear are minimized and life time has been increased. This will be of great use in high speed applications.

Keywords

Hydrostatic Bearing, Viscosity, Pressure, Temperature, Reynolds Equation, Lubricant

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V. Srinivasan

Abstract

The paper reflects the common design and calculation methods and shows their limitations in regard to the calculation of hydrostatic bearings at high velocities. It analyzes the results of complex dynamic flow simulations of hydrostatic bearings and presents a new design and optimization concept of hydrostatic bearings. This concept analyses the oil flow at high bearing velocities and it optimizes the bearing geometry, the restrictor geometry as well as the geometry of the main mechanical components. Expressions are obtained for the temperature distribution in an externally pressurized thrust bearing for the condition when one bearing surface is rotated. The influence of centripetal acceleration and the combined effect of rotational and radial inertia terms are included in the analysis.
Rotation of the bearing causes the lubricant to have a velocity component in an axial direction towards the rotating surface as it spirals radically outwards between the bearing surfaces. This results in an increase in the pumping losses and a decrease in the load capacity of the bearing. A further loss in the performance of the bearing is found when the radial inertia term in addition to the rotational inertia term is included in the analysis. Application of hydrostatic bearings is limited by friction and therewith by velocity. Typical characteristics of the hydrostatic system (load, stiffness, flow) are calculated without a velocity dependency. The geometry of the hydrostatic bearing pockets and their restrictors are optimized by using time continuous pressure distribution at the bearing pocket, laminar flow behavior as well as constant velocity of the bearing. The dynamic effects of the flow at high velocities are not considered.
The proposed design has higher load capacity, higher stiffness and damping coefficients, lower flow rate and uniform pressure distribution by using the HTGA/Gray method. A Hydrostatic bearings test bench has been designed, built and set-up. The test bench has been monitored with pressure, flow-rate, temperature, displacement and force sensors.

Keywords

Hydrostatic Bearing, Pressure, Temperature, Viscosity, Load Capacity, Damping

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T. Saravanan , V. Srinivasan , V. P. Sandiya

Abstract

In this work, the design and development of a DC-DC Converter using a two stage buck-boost operation is discussed. This converter is suitable for low power application such as a matrix LED lighting system. The advantage of this converter is that instead of using two controlled switches as in case of a conventional converter, this circuit uses one MOSFET as a switch. The circuit uses two inductors and two capacitors as energy transferring elements that are able to provide a good quality, high efficiency power supply to the load. The design of TSBB converter is analyzed with closed loop control using a PI controller circuit. Even with smaller values of inductor and capacitor a highly efficient power supply can be made. The main feature of this circuit compared to the other circuits proposed previously is that have a galvanic isolation between the load and the source is provided. Thus, by a suitable controller and galvanic isolation, the ripple magnitude in the output is reduced considerably. A simulation model of the TSBB converter with results is presented.

Keywords

Two Stage Buck-boost (TSBB), LED Matrix, Duty Cycle (α), Galvanic Isolation, Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM), Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM)

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Prince Julius ¹, P. N. Ananthanarayanan ¹, V. Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Petroleum Engineering, AMET University, Chennai, 603112, IN

Abstract

Adsorption of surfactants on sandstones leads to reduce in recovery efficiency of oil. This is caused mainly because of clay presence. Most of the water flooding projects has been stopped, when clay is present. Even surfactants are adsorbed due to clay. The aim of this research work is to reduce the adsorption of surfactants for different pH clay mixed sandstones. Three clay sandstones as crushed samples with different pH levels have been tested to observe the adsorption of Anionic surfactants Sodium Dodecyl Sulphonate (SDS) through bottle test. There was no significant adsorption found on pH 3 and above. Adsorption of SDS on pH 2 clay sandstone has reduced due to increase in alkalinity by application of Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3).

Keywords

Adsorption, Clay Sandstone, Surfactants, SDS, Wettability

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T. Saravanan ¹, V. Srinivasan ¹, G. Saritha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of ETC, Bharath University, Chennai–600073, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Sairam Institute of Technology, Chennai– 600044, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Reactive power compensation is an important aspect in the control of distribution systems. Reactive current in addition to increasing the distribution system losses, introduces various power quality problems like, harmonics, voltage sag, swell and poor load power factor. These power quality issues result in the malfunction of sensitive equipments. A Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) proves to be a viable solution for the mitigation of such power quality issues. The aim of this paper is to compare an optimized PI and a Fuzzy controlled DSTATCOM for reactive power compensation and harmonic mitigation. Here the PI controllers are first optimized by using error minimization criteria through Genetic algorithms and then replaced by a Fuzzy controller. Through various simulations it is concluded that the transient response of fuzzy controllers is better than the optimized PI controllers

Keywords

Decoupled Current Control, Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM), Fuzzy Logic Controllers, Genetic Algorithms, Integral Square Error (ISE), Power Quality

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V. Srinivasan ¹, T. Saravanan ¹

Affiliations
1 Departement of ETC, Bharath University, Chennai – 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In this paper the Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) is considered. The feedforward gain adjustment is done by using adaptive technique and feedforward gain compensation by passivity-based technique is presented. The adaptation of feedforward gain is considered by using MIT rule and the effect of variation of parameter values and adaptation gain on the response of the system is simulated. But to achieve more stable system, lyapunov stability theorem is used for parameter adjustment. It has been shown that the adjustment rule guarantees that error goes to zero. Finally input-output stability theorem is used to construct adjustment rules for the adaptive system. The passivity theorem is applied to construct adjustment laws. The compensating network is introduced so that the transfer function relating the error is Strictly Positive Real (SPR). The compensator is designed by using Kalman – Yakubovich (KY) Lemma. Simulation results are furnished after implementing the adaptive techniques. Algorithm for the design of compensator using KY Lemma is also presented

Keywords

Feedforward Gain, KY Lemma, MIT Rule, Parameter Adjustment, Passivity, Strictly Positive Real

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V. Srinivasan ¹, R. Kausalya ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bharath University, Chennai – 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Management Studies, Bharath University, Chennai – 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Fuel methanol is on demand nowadays. Lignocelluloses and algal biomasses are largely generated as waste materials out of agricultural practises and process industries. In the present work, methanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was carried out using lignocellulosic biomass (vegetable) as a substrate and using rotating biological reactor that utilizes biologically pretreated vegetable as substrates for methanol production and its process optimization. During the batch experiment with varying substrate concentration (60-100 g/l), pH (4.8-5.8) and commercial cellulase enzyme concentration of (10- 20 mg/ml) resulted in 38.9 g/l of methanol concentration with a maximum of 17 % yield. The SEM analysis was carried out for analysing the structural morphology of the untreated, pretreated, hydrolysed and fermented samples.

Keywords

Agricultural Waste, Biological Reactor, Lignocellulosic Biomass, Methanol, Optimization, Vegetable

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T. Saravanan ¹, V. Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept of ETC, Bharath University,Chennai - 600073, IN

Abstract

This paper proposes the application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique to solve Optimal Power Flow with inequality constraints on Line Flow. To ensure secured operation of power system, it is necessary to keep the line flow within the prescribed MVA limit so that the system operates in normal state. The problem involves non-linear objective function and constraints. Therefore, the population based method like PSO is more suitable than the conventional Linear Programming methods. This approach is applied to a six bus three unit system and the results are compared with results of Linear Programming method for different test cases. The obtained solution proves that the proposed technique is efficient and accurate.

Keywords

Security Constrained Economic Dispatch, Optimal Power Flow, Particle Swarm Optimization

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V. Srinivasan ¹, T. Saravanan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of ETC, Bharath University, Chennai - 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In this paper the model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) is considered. The feedforward gain adjustment is done by using adaptive technique and feedforward gain compensation by passivity-based technique is presented. The adaptation of feedforward gain is considered by using MIT rule and the effect of variation of parameter values and adaptation gain on the response of the system is simulated. But to achieve more stable system, Lyapunov stability theorem is used for parameter adjustment. It has been shown that the adjustment rule guarantees that error goes to zero. Finally input-output stability theorem is used to construct adjustment rules for the adaptive system. The passivity theorem is applied to construct adjustment laws. The compensating network is introduced so that the transfer function relating the error is Strictly Positive Real (SPR). The compensator is designed by using Kalman-Yakubovich (KY) Lemma. Simulation results are furnished after implementing the adaptive techniques. Algorithm for the design of compensator using KY Lemma is also presented.

Keywords

Feedforward Gain, KY Lemma, MIT Rule, Parameter Adjustment, Passivity, Strictly Positive Real.

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V. Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics Tele Communication, Bharath University, Chennai-600073, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In testing of single chip there are many approach were found to need their requirement. But for the SOCs we have less, in this paper a Protected Test Wrapper - PTW design introduce to protect SOCs that is compatible with IEEE 1500 standards. PTW protects internal scan chains and primary inputs, primary outputs, which may contain many critical data during the normal system operation like encryption keys. In the earlier system testing that is original IEEE 1500 standard will not concern about the Primary Input and Primary Output security, where as this PTW will secure the primary input and output in both scan mode and normal system functional mode. To achieve this protected test wrapper no extra larger component are required by changing the IEEE 1500 with some light weight block cipher we protect the core from the hacker

Keywords

Boundary Scan, Design for Testing, Light Weight Block Cipher, Protection.

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V. Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bharath University, Chennai-600 073, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Automotive Silencers (or) Mufflers are used to minimize the noise level and vibrations produced in the engine exhaust gas. The Mufflers usually contain complex internal components such as extended inlet and outlet tubes, thin baffles with eccentric holes, internal connecting tubes, perforated tubes, flow plugs, and sound absorbing materials. In this project, thermal analysis is carried out in the existing muffler of C.I. Engine. The various influencing factors of muffler such as thermal concentration, thermal stress and properties of material have been analyzed by the software and the input values for the analysis are measured from the experimental setup. Based on the results of analysis, the optimal modification is to be done in the design in order to improve the life and performance of muffler.

Keywords

Conical Shape, Fins, Heat, Taper, Temperature

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