Indian Journal of Science and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Historical Rainfall-runoff Modeling of River Ogunpa, Ibadan, Nigeria


Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso,
 

Flooding in major cities like the city of Ibadan, the largest urban centre south of the Sahara, Africa, is a common phenomena. Flooding occurred in several areas of the city each time when Ogunpa River overflowed its banks. Flood damage mitigation measures were necessitated by increased runoff due to rapid urbanization of the catchment area coupled with inadequate runoff data along the river course. Ogunpa River gained its national and international notoriety when many lives and properties worth billions of Naira were lost in the floods of 1960, 1963, 1978, 1980 and 2011. This study was conducted at Queen Elizabeth gauging station to develop an historical rainfall-runoff model for River Ogunpa. The model developed was a linear regression approach considering the effects of previous and current rainfall on the flow of the effluent streams. Average daily net rainfall data and average daily rainfall were regressed against average daily runoff data. Using linear regression method Net rainfall values (R') and rainfall values (R) were regressed against the corresponding discharge (Q) arrived at correlation coefficients of 0.66975 and 0.71191989 respectively. Utilizing 101 years of rainfall records for Ibadan City, runoff data for Ogunpa River were derived. This data could serve as a veritable hydrologic input in the design of embankment flood mitigation structures for River Ogunpa. It is recommended that to find a lasting solution to the menacing frequent flooding more runoff gauging stations be provided along the river course of Ogunpa River within Ibadan metropolis.

Keywords

Rainfall run-off Model, River Ogunpa, Nigeria
User

  • Adegbola AA (2006) A review on safe water provision for residents of Ibadan City. Sci. Focus. 11 (1),139- 146.

  • Ajibade LT, Ifabiyi IP, Iroye KA and Ogunteru S (2010) Morphometric analysis of Ogunpa and Ogbere drainage basins, Ibadan, Nigeria. Ethiopian J. Environ. Studies & Manage. 3(1), 13-19.

  • Akintola JO (1986) Rainfall distribution in Nigeria 1892-1983,Ist ed Ibadan, Impact publishers Nig. Ltd.

  • Boughton WC (1993) A hydrograph based model for estimating the water yield of ungauged catchments. Hydrology & Water Resour. Sym. Institution of Engineers Australia, Newcastle. pp: 317-324.

  • Chapman T (1999) A comparison of algorithm for stream flow recession and baseflow separation. Hydrol. Processes. 13(5),701-714.

  • Job OE (2000) Flood and flood control-Ogunpa as a case study. Unpublished B. Sc. Thesis, Dept.Civil Eng. Univ. Ibadan.

  • Kothyari UC, Aravamuthan V and Singh VP (1993) Monthly runoff generation using the linear perturbation model. J. Hydrol. pp: 144.

  • Linsley RK,Kohler MA and Raulhus LH (1975) Hydrology for engineers. 2nd Ed. MeGraw Hill Book Co. Inc., NY.

  • Maku OO (2002) Environmental impacts on water and soil of the river Ogunpa in Ibadan,OyoState. Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis, Dept. Civil Eng , University of Ibadan.

  • Miegel K (1988) Erfassung Hydrologischer prozesse innerhalb eines entscheidungsstutzenden programms Monatsund schlagbezogemen modllierung Von Wasser-und stickstoffhaushalt in Gewassereinugsgebieten. Dissertation, Technical University of Dresden.pp:105.

  • Morohunfola A (1986) Application of an explicit hydraulic routing technique for assessing river Ogunpa Channelization. Unpublished M.Eng. Thesis, Dept.Civil Engg, Univ. Ilorin.

  • Nash JE and Barsi BI (1983) A hybrid model for flow forecasting on large catchment. J. Hydrol.10 (3), 282- 290.

  • Oyegun RO (1980) Predicting channel morphology from sediment yield discharge and urbanization of upper Ogunpa. Unpublished M. Sc. Thesis, Dept.Civil Eng, Univ. Ibadan.

  • Raghunath HM (1991) Hydrology: principle, analysis and design. 4th ed, Karnataka, Wiley eastern limited. 15. Shaw EM (2005) Hydrology in Practice. 3rd Ed. Routledge,2, Park square, Milton park, Abingdon, Oxon.

  • Sittner WT, Schauss CE and Monro JC (1969) Continuous hydrograph synthesis with an API-type hydrologic model. Water Resources Res. 5, 1007- 1022.

  • Taffa T (1989) Hyrologische untersuchungen an ausgewahlten einzzugsgebieten in zentralhochland athiopiens als voraussetzung zur besseren bewirtschaftung der wasserressourcen. Dissertation, Rostocia University.pp:135.

  • Thomas MA and Fiering MP (1962) Mathematical synthesis of streamflow sequences for the analysis of river basins by simulation, Chapter 12 in design of water resources systems, Mass, A. et. al., Havard University Press, Cambridge.

  • Tokun A (1998) Long term water option for Ibadan city. Report of bi-monthly seminar of OSOT associates consulting engineers, Ibadan.


Abstract Views: 683

PDF Views: 118




  • Historical Rainfall-runoff Modeling of River Ogunpa, Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract Views: 683  |  PDF Views: 118

Authors

A. A. Adegbola
Department of Civil Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso,

Abstract


Flooding in major cities like the city of Ibadan, the largest urban centre south of the Sahara, Africa, is a common phenomena. Flooding occurred in several areas of the city each time when Ogunpa River overflowed its banks. Flood damage mitigation measures were necessitated by increased runoff due to rapid urbanization of the catchment area coupled with inadequate runoff data along the river course. Ogunpa River gained its national and international notoriety when many lives and properties worth billions of Naira were lost in the floods of 1960, 1963, 1978, 1980 and 2011. This study was conducted at Queen Elizabeth gauging station to develop an historical rainfall-runoff model for River Ogunpa. The model developed was a linear regression approach considering the effects of previous and current rainfall on the flow of the effluent streams. Average daily net rainfall data and average daily rainfall were regressed against average daily runoff data. Using linear regression method Net rainfall values (R') and rainfall values (R) were regressed against the corresponding discharge (Q) arrived at correlation coefficients of 0.66975 and 0.71191989 respectively. Utilizing 101 years of rainfall records for Ibadan City, runoff data for Ogunpa River were derived. This data could serve as a veritable hydrologic input in the design of embankment flood mitigation structures for River Ogunpa. It is recommended that to find a lasting solution to the menacing frequent flooding more runoff gauging stations be provided along the river course of Ogunpa River within Ibadan metropolis.

Keywords


Rainfall run-off Model, River Ogunpa, Nigeria

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst%2F2012%2Fv5i5%2F30450