Indian Journal of Science and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Heavy Metal Tolerance of Weed Species and their Accumulations by Phytoextraction


Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Dr. RR Dr. SR Technical University, Avadi, Chennai-600 602, TN, India
2 Department of Environmental Sciences, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati–517 502, AP, India
3 Department of Environmental Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam–530 003, AP, India
 

>The ability of the invasive weed species Parthenium hysterophorus L. for the accumulation of the heavy metal Cd was studied in a greenhouse experiment. This study aimed at identifying a metal tolerant species from natural vegetation and to assess the phytoextraction potential of the plant. To compare metal concentration in the aboveground biomass to those in ischolar_mains and in soils,To study their effect on growth and comparison with metal amended soils treated with EDTA. The Cd accumulated by test species was increased significantly after 0.1g / Kg of EDTA was added to the medium. An increase in metal uptake with increase in test concentrations during the early stages and developmental stages was observed which indicates the plant's tolerance to the heavy metal. But a decrease in metal uptake with the maturity of the plant was observed. This indicates that the plant's ability for the metal uptake reduces with time i.e. with maturity. The BCF's of the shoots and ischolar_mains and TF's being >1 shows the validity of the weeds species for hyperaccumulation of the metal Cd. This is due to the plant's capability to uptake the metal and its tolerance capacity for the heavy metal Cd. Hence, it can be a promising species for phytoextracton of heavy metals and remediation of contaminated soils which is economical and ecofriendly.

Keywords

Phytoextraction, Parthenium hysterophorus L., Cadmium, BCF, TF
User

  • Baker AJM and Brooks R R (1989) Terrestrial higher plants which hyperaccumulate metallic elements – a review of their dsitribution, ecology and phytochemistry. Biorecovery. 1: 81-126.

  • Baker AJM, Reeves, R D and Hajar A S M (1994) Heavy metal accumulation and tolerance in British populations of the metallophyteThlaspi caerulescens J.&C. Presl (Brassicaceae). New Phytology, 127: 61-68.

  • Clemens S (2001) Molecular mechanisms of plant metal tolerance and homeostasis. Planta, (212): 475-486.

  • Cong Tu, Lena Q Ma and Bhakar Bondad (2002) Plant and Environment Interaction. Arsenic accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Chinese Brake and its utilization potential for phytoremediation. Journal of Environmental Quality, 31: 1671-1675.

  • Comis D. (1996) Green Remediation. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 51: 184-187.

  • Cunningham SD, Berti WR and Huang, JW (1995) Phytoremediation of contaminated soils. Trends in Biotechnology, 13: 393-397.

  • Felix HR and Kasak LJ (1999) Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated waste water, Case Studies. Recovery, Recycling, Reintegration (RRR), www.environmentalexpert.com/events/r2000/r2000.htm.

  • Gabriella Mathe – Gaspar and Attila Anton (2005)Phytoremediation study: Factors influencing heavy metal uptake of plants. Proceedings of the 8th Hungarian Congress on Plant Physiology and the 6th Hungarian Conference on Photosynthesis. Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 49 (1-2): 69-70.

  • Ghosh M and Singh SP (2005) Comparative uptake and phytoextraction study of soil induced chromium by accumulator and high biomass weed species. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 3(2): 67-79.

  • Roger W Carlson and Bazzaz FA (1977) Growth reduction in American Sycamore (Plantanus occidentalis L.) caused by Pb-Cd interaction. Enviornmental Pollution, 12: 243-253.

  • Jorgensen SE (1993) Removal of heavy metal from compost and soil by ecotechnological methods. Ecological. Engineering, 2: 89-100.

  • Joonki Yoon, Xinde Cao, Qixing Zhou, Lena Q Ma (2006). Accumulation of Pb, Cu, and Zn in native plants growing on a contaminated Florida site Science of Total Environment, 166: 456-464.

  • Ma LQ, Komar KM, Tu C and Zhang W (2001) A fern that hyperaccumulates arsenic. Nature, 409: 579.

  • Manab Das and Subodh Kimar Maiti (2007) Metal accumulation in 5 native plants growing on abandoned Cu-tailings ponds Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 5(1): 27-35.

  • Raskin I and Ensley BD (2000) Phytoremediation of toxic metals: using plants to clean up the environment John Wiley and son, NY.

  • Sampanpanish P, Chaengcharoen W and Tongcumpou C (2008) Heavy metals removal from contaminated soil by Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) and Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria zizanioides), Research Journal of Chemical Environement 12(3); 23-34.

  • Stewart EA, Grimshaw M, Parkinson JA and Quarmby C. (1974) In Chemical analysis of ecological materials, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Osney Mead, Oxford, pp: 1-234.

  • Turgut C, Pepe, MK, Cutright TJ (2004) The effect of EDTA and citric acid on phytoremediation of Cd, Cr and Ni from soil using Helianthus annuus. Environmental Pollution, 131 (1): 147-154.

  • Wei SH, Zhou QX and Wang X (2004) Potential of weed species applied to remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metal. Journal of Environmental Science (China,) 16(5): 868-873.

  • Wei Shuhe, Zhou Qixing, Wang Xin, Zhang Kaisong, Guo Guanin and Ma Lena Qiying (2005) A newly - discovered Cd - hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L.- Chinese Science Bulletin, 50(1): 33-38

  • Xian X and Shokohifard, G.(1989) Effect of pH on chemical forms and plant availability of cadmium, zinc and lead in polluted soils. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 45: 265-273.

  • Yu-Hong Su and Youn-Guan Zhu (2005) Influence of lead on atrazine uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings from nutrient solution. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 12(1): 21-27.

  • Zayed A, Gowthamam S and Terry N (1998) Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wet land plants: I. Duckweed. Journal Environmental Quality, 27: 715-721.

  • Zhou QX and Song YF (2004) Remediation of contaminated soils principles and methods, Beijing: Science Press.


Abstract Views: 447

PDF Views: 112




  • Heavy Metal Tolerance of Weed Species and their Accumulations by Phytoextraction

Abstract Views: 447  |  PDF Views: 112

Authors

K. Sanghamitra
Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Dr. RR Dr. SR Technical University, Avadi, Chennai-600 602, TN, India
P. V. V. Prasada Rao
Department of Environmental Sciences, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati–517 502, AP, India
G. R. K. Naidu
Department of Environmental Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam–530 003, AP, India

Abstract


>The ability of the invasive weed species Parthenium hysterophorus L. for the accumulation of the heavy metal Cd was studied in a greenhouse experiment. This study aimed at identifying a metal tolerant species from natural vegetation and to assess the phytoextraction potential of the plant. To compare metal concentration in the aboveground biomass to those in ischolar_mains and in soils,To study their effect on growth and comparison with metal amended soils treated with EDTA. The Cd accumulated by test species was increased significantly after 0.1g / Kg of EDTA was added to the medium. An increase in metal uptake with increase in test concentrations during the early stages and developmental stages was observed which indicates the plant's tolerance to the heavy metal. But a decrease in metal uptake with the maturity of the plant was observed. This indicates that the plant's ability for the metal uptake reduces with time i.e. with maturity. The BCF's of the shoots and ischolar_mains and TF's being >1 shows the validity of the weeds species for hyperaccumulation of the metal Cd. This is due to the plant's capability to uptake the metal and its tolerance capacity for the heavy metal Cd. Hence, it can be a promising species for phytoextracton of heavy metals and remediation of contaminated soils which is economical and ecofriendly.

Keywords


Phytoextraction, Parthenium hysterophorus L., Cadmium, BCF, TF

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst%2F2011%2Fv4i3%2F29984