Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Ergonomics Estimation and Dimensions of ATM Usage in Pakistan


Affiliations
1 Hafiz Hayyat Campus, University of Gujrat, Jalalpur Jattan Road, Gujrat, Pakistan
 

Objectives: Currently different models with different dimensions of Automated Teller Machine installed in Pakistan. This research finds problems in existing ATM’s dimensions and their suitability will be evaluated by applying ergonomics principles on anthropometric measurement of Pakistan population. Methods/Statistical Analysis: We measured the different dimensions of ATMs used in Pakistan and anthropometric measurements of Pakistani people. We will consider the neutral and awkward postures of elbow, shoulder, wrist, spine, neck and back. The last step is to compare the ATM machine’s dimensions used in Pakistan and anthropometric measurement of people of Pakistan, apply ergonomic rules in order to reduce the gap between ATM users of Pakistan and ATM machines used in Pakistan. Findings: By including all dimensions of ATM’s, anthropometric measurements, calculating mean and standard deviation we have come to know that there is a huge difference between dimensions of ATM’s currently used in Pakistan and dimensions that are recommended in this paper. This difference leads us to make a standard that is suitable especially for people of Pakistan. Application: It is strongly recommended to adopt this standard which is based on anthropometric measurements of Pakistani people.
User

  • Nuthan K, Nagarathna B, Nayaka S, Rathna V. An automated teller machine: literature review. International Journal of Novel Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering. 2015; 2(1):43–5.
  • Meena R. Automated Teller Machine its benefits and challenges. International Journal of Commerce, Business and Management. 2015; 4(6):1–7.
  • Zhang M, Wang F, Deng H, Yin J. A survey on human computer interaction technology for ATM. International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and Systems. 2013; 6(1):20–9. Crossref.
  • Naseem Z, Saleem Y, Zagham S, Muhammad A, Shafiq M, Saleem M. Analysis of different ATM interfaces in Pakistan to minimize cognitive burden for interaction. Pakistan Journal of Science. 2013; 65(1):73–81.
  • Thatcher A, Shaik F, Zimmerman C. Attitudes of semi-literate and literate bank account holders to the use of Automatic Teller Machines. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. 2005; 35(2):115–30. Crossref.
  • Al-Saleh K, Bendak S. An ergonomics evaluation of certain ATM dimensions. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics: JOSE. 2013; 19(3):347–53. Crossref. PMid:24034878
  • Pheasant S, Christine MH. Body space: Anthropometry, ergonomics and the design of work. 3rd ed. London, UK: Taylor & Francis; 2005. p. 1–352.
  • Banks offer only seven ATMs for 100,000 adults in Pakistan. Available from: https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2014/11/29/banks-offer-only-seven-atms-for-100000-adults-in-pakistan/
  • Statistical look at payment system and retail banking of Pakistan for 2014-15. Available from: https://propakistani.pk/2015/09/07/statistical-look-at-payment-system-and-retail-banking-of-pakistan-for-2014-15/
  • Nina M, Mohammad S. Factors of workplace environment that affect employee's performance: A case study of Miyazu Malaysia. International Journal of Independent Research and Studies. 2013; 2(2):66–78.
  • Te-Hsin P, Kleiner B. New developments concerning the occupational safety and health act. Journal of Managerial Law. 2001; 43(1/2):138–46. Crossref.
  • Valinejad M, Shakiba A, Rasoulijavaheri A. Ergonomics principles and utilizing it as a remedy for probable work related injuries in construction projects. International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology. 2013; 6(1):232–45.
  • Ajala E. The influence of workplace environment on workers' welfare, performance and productivity. The African Symposium: An Online Journal of the African Educational Research Network. 2012; 12(1):141–9.
  • Robertson M, Huang Y, Larson N. The relationship among computer work, environmental design, and musculoskeletal and visual discomfort: Examining the moderating role of supervisory relations and co-worker support. International Archives of Occupational and Environment Health. 2015; 89(7):22–67.
  • Office ergonomics guideline. Queensland: Department of Education Training and Employment; 2013. p. 1–15.
  • Britain G. Ergonomics and human factors at work: A brief guide. UK: Health and Safety Executive; 2014. p. 1–10.
  • Ergonomics: The study of work. U.S. Department of Labour Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA 3125); 2000. p. 1–14.
  • Smith T. Occupational ergonomics: Principles and applications, (Manufacturing Systems Engineering Series); 1997. p. 1–452. PMCid:PMC2125555
  • Hameed A, Amjad S. Impact of office design on employees' productivity: A case study of banking organizations of Abbottabad, Pakistan. Journal of Public Affairs, Administration and Management. 2009; 3(1):1–13.
  • Nunes IL. FAST ERGO_X - A tool for ergonomic auditing and work-related musculoskeletal disorders prevention. Work. 2009; 34(2):133–48. PMid:20037227
  • Average height for men by country. Available from: http://www.averageheight.co/average-male-height-by-country
  • Average female height by country. Available from: www.averageheight.co/average-female-height-by-country
  • Choi SD. Safety and ergonomic considerations for an aging workforce in the US construction industry. Work. 2009; 33(1):307–15.
  • Moore S, Janet K, Lisa S. Practical demonstrations of ergonomic principles. Report of Investigations 9684. Department of Health and Human Services; 2011. p. 1–66.
  • The forward head posture fix listed on its website about muscle that FIXES ugly forward head posture. Trouble Sleeping, Text Neck and Back Pain. Available from: http://forwardheadposturefix.com
  • Workspace planner, find the right position for workstation components. Available from: http://www.chairlines.com/ergonomics-tips-tricks/ergotrons-workplace-planner/

Abstract Views: 214

PDF Views: 0




  • Ergonomics Estimation and Dimensions of ATM Usage in Pakistan

Abstract Views: 214  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Muhammad Faheem Rana
Hafiz Hayyat Campus, University of Gujrat, Jalalpur Jattan Road, Gujrat, Pakistan
Syed Zagham Naseem
Hafiz Hayyat Campus, University of Gujrat, Jalalpur Jattan Road, Gujrat, Pakistan
Muhammad Shahzad Sarfraz
Hafiz Hayyat Campus, University of Gujrat, Jalalpur Jattan Road, Gujrat, Pakistan
Umar Shoaib
Hafiz Hayyat Campus, University of Gujrat, Jalalpur Jattan Road, Gujrat, Pakistan

Abstract


Objectives: Currently different models with different dimensions of Automated Teller Machine installed in Pakistan. This research finds problems in existing ATM’s dimensions and their suitability will be evaluated by applying ergonomics principles on anthropometric measurement of Pakistan population. Methods/Statistical Analysis: We measured the different dimensions of ATMs used in Pakistan and anthropometric measurements of Pakistani people. We will consider the neutral and awkward postures of elbow, shoulder, wrist, spine, neck and back. The last step is to compare the ATM machine’s dimensions used in Pakistan and anthropometric measurement of people of Pakistan, apply ergonomic rules in order to reduce the gap between ATM users of Pakistan and ATM machines used in Pakistan. Findings: By including all dimensions of ATM’s, anthropometric measurements, calculating mean and standard deviation we have come to know that there is a huge difference between dimensions of ATM’s currently used in Pakistan and dimensions that are recommended in this paper. This difference leads us to make a standard that is suitable especially for people of Pakistan. Application: It is strongly recommended to adopt this standard which is based on anthropometric measurements of Pakistani people.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst%2F2018%2Fv11i24%2F124315