Application of Geographic Information Systems for Characterization of Preharvest and Postharvest Factors of Squash (Cucurbita sp.) in Bolívar Department, Colombia

Objectives: To characterize the conditions of handling and productive potential of crops of squash (Cucurbita sp.) at Bolívar´s department in terms of geo-referencing and growing areas. Methods: Statistics of sowing, harvesting, and production of the Bolívar Department, Colombia were compiled. Interviews, surveys, and field diaries were conducted considering strategic points of the producer’s guild through use of the global positioning system (GPS). Finally, geo referenced maps of potential squash production areas were made using Quantum geographic information system code software (QGIS 2.0.1). Findings: Production of squash (Cucurbita sp.) is of great incidence and importance in the Bolívar Department, where this vegetable presents an essential product for inhabitants’ food safety. This work included several tours through the production areas of the study region, where many surveys and interviews with producers and marketers enabled researchers to estimate the characteristics of the production chain of squash. The results show that increased production and areas favorable for the cultivation of squash are close to the banks of the Magdalena River and Canal del Dique. There the low-height squash crops are closer to rivers and water bodies, the yield per hectare is higher, and crops are planted up to twice a year. On the other hand, in upland areas, most of the time crops are planted only once a year as growth is influenced by the rainy season. Application: The results are useful for the groindustry sector because they enable us to locate the areas with the greatest potential for squash cultivation, preharvest, and postharvest needs.