Multipath Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Retrospective Review

Objectives: To review the basic principles of Multi-path Routing Protocols (MRPs) design and its performance metrics. To discuss the assortment of MRPs overview for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) based on its arrangement and delivery. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The enhanced reliability, load balance and security promote the multi-path routing as an appropriate tool in the domain of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In order to obtain simultaneous data transfer with reduced delay period, critical review is made based on the performance metrics, taxonomy of MRPs, and qualitative comparison. Findings: From the discussions, it can be concluded that most of the protocols achieved better load balance with improved performance. Coding based MRPs can perform with better reliability when compared to other protocols. Application/Improvements: The survey of earlier reports led to the decisions that the energy-efficient, reduced transmission delay with multiple pairs is the details to be studied in the domain of MRPs.