Active and Reactive Power Management in Microgrid: Analysis in Grid Connected and Islanded Mode of Operation

Load shared by Distributed Generators (DGs) depends upon the mode of operation; therefore power management in Microgrid (MG) is an important area which needs investigation. This paper investigates the impact of DG on the distribution system, where the study of load sharing among various DGs and utility grid has been performed for two cases: 1. When equivalent source based DG is connected and 2. When Photovoltaic (PV) and fuel cell based DG is integrated to the distribution network. PV and fuel cell based DG doesn't behave as stiff current/voltage source either due to parametric uncertainties or due to external disturbances like weather conditions and load changes. From simulation results it has been observed that even though the capacity of all DGs are equal but when change in load occurs, it doesn't ensure that the DGs will equally share the active and reactive power. All the simulation studies have been performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK.