Sierpinski Array with Swastik Electromagnetic Bandgap for Ku-Band Applications

Objectives: Novel and miniaturized array with four elements is designed in this paper. To make it applicable for multiband applications the array elements are fractured. Improvement in terms of its performance parameters like gain and bandwidth is done by introducing Electromagnetic Bandgap (EBG) structure. The antenna is applicable for satellite applications. Methods/Analysis: A four element array using Right Isosceles Triangular Microstrip patch Antenna (RITMA) is designed first. Further two iterations are done based on Sierpinski fractal geometry. Swastik shape electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) is then introduced into the substrate. The antennas have been modeled and optimized by using the CST Microwave Studio tool. The antennas have been designed using Rogers RT 5880 substrate (ε_r = 2.2) and a substrate height of 2.5 mm and compared with FR-4 (ε_r = 4.4) and a substrate height of 1.59 mm.Comparison is also been done with structures having EBG structures and without EBG. Both antennas have been designed using inset feed. It has been found that array with EBG exhibits better results as compared with without EBG. Findings: New Microstrip fractal patch antenna planar array with and without swastika shape EBG structure is been proposed. The antenna works in multiband where its resonances are at 7.9, 9.7, 12.0, 14.1, 16.2, and 18.5 GHz within 7-19 GHz. Bandwidth obtained is 165.7, 186.8, 444, 450, 549, 594 MHz, and Gain 7.39, 10.96, 7.39, 9.73, 10.14, 9.21dB respectively at these resonances. Both antennas shows multiband behavior but area used is less in EBG structure. Novelty/Improvement: In this paper, an approach for multi-band antennas is proposed. First an RITMA array with four elements is designed. It is then fractured using Sierpinski fractal, on the substrate EBG structure is added to get better results. The antenna shows compact dimensions with good return loss and pattern performance to be adopted for satellite applications.