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L. S. Borodin ¹, V. Gopal ¹, V. M. Moralev ¹, V. Subramanian ¹, V. Ponikarov ¹

Affiliations
1 Tamil Nadu Mineral Development Project, United Nations Development Programme, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The newly discovered carbonatites of Tamil Nadu are Upper Precambrian in age. They are associated with alkali syenite massifs in Tirupattur area, where the fault system directed NE-SW, very likely represents an ancient deeply eroded trough or rift valley. The carbonatites are mostly beforsitic (para-ankeritic); and pyrochlore mineralization found here is unique in the world, as in general pyrochlore is not reported from beforsitic carbonatites. Both geological setting and petrological features support the view that the Tamil Nadu carbonatite province differs in many respects from Narmada Valley province in India as well as from other carbonatite provinces all the world over.

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J. Ashok Kumar , M. Rajesh , S. Mythiesh Kumar , T. Giriraj Kulkarni , V. Gopal

Abstract

A gel forming Polysaccharide gum obtained form the bark of Araucaria bidwilli was employed as a matrix sustained release tablet formulation of Diclofenac sodium (a non steroidal anti inflammatory agent). The effect of Araucaria bidwilli gum ( Natural ) and Synthetic polymer Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ( HPM C K4 M ) on the release of Diclofenac sodium was studied. The FT - IR spectroscopic studies of drug, gum and mixture indicated no chemical interaction . Six formulations were prepared by wet granulation method containing Araucaria bidwilli gum pow der concentration 10 % 20 % & 30 % w \ w and 10 % 20% &30% w \ w of HPMC K4M with sufficient volume of granulating agent Polyvinyl pyrrolene (PVP K 30) , Avicel pH101 as diluents , Magnesium stearate and Aero silis used lubricant and glidant respectively . This study was carried out to find out the difference between synthetic and natural gum and whether synthetic gum can be replaced by natural gums. Physical and techno logical studies of granules and tablets were compliance with Pharmacopoial standards . The drug release increased with Araucaria bidwilli gum when compared to synthetics polymer concentration. The value of release exponent were found to be almost straight line and regression coefficient value between 0. 9 38 and 0. 99 8 . This implies that the release mechanism is diffusion. Formulation F3 (contained 30% w \ w Araucaria bidwilli gum) met the desired requirements for a sustained release dosage form.

Keywords

Diclofenac sodium, Araucaria bidwilli, HPMC K4 M, Wet Granulation, Sustained Release.

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L. Kaviarasan ¹, S. Sarojini ¹, G. Prakash Yoganandam ¹, V. Gopal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Mother Theresa Post Graduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences, (A Govt. of Puducherry Institution), Indira Nagar, Puducherry-605006, IN

Abstract

Preparation and Standardization of Ayurvedic compound is vital to assure therapeutic efficacy and safety. Deepavali avaleha is a polyherbal Ayurvedic formulation consisting of eleven drugs used for Digestive, Appetizer, Carminative, Anti Flatulent, Antispasmodic, Improving digestive fire, Cleansing of micro channels of the body. The present study was aimed that to Prepare and Standardize the Traditional Polyherbal Avaleha formulation with respect to phyto-chemical screening, thin layer chromatography (TLC) and High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) finger printing. Ingredients of sample were powdered separately and subjected for detailed Macroscopical studies, Phyto-Chemical screening, Powder microscopy and the powder drugs are combined in prescribed proportion and analyzed by using TLC and HPTLC as per standard procedures. The tests results obtained like HPTLC fingerprint profile would serve as diagnostic parameters for the identity of this poly herbal formulation. The results obtained may be considered as tools for assistance to the regulatory authorities, scientific organizations and manufacturers for developing standard formulation of great efficacy.

Keywords

Deepavali Avaleha, Polyherbal Ayurvedic Formulation, Digestive, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) And High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography ((HPTLC).

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C. S. Kandasamy ¹, Ch. Sai Lohit ², R. Siva Kumar ², V. Gopal ³, Chandini ², R. Nair ⁴, R. Venkatanarayanan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, R.V.S College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore – 641 402, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, R.V.S College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Mother Theresa Institute of Health Sciences and Research Institute, Pondicherry, IN
4 Department of Biochemistry, SASTRA University, Tanjore, IN

Abstract

Extracts of crude drugs such as Ajowan, Mace, Cardamom, Cumin, Nutmeg and Clove used in the Polyherbal formulation - RVSPHF567 were taken in account and dissolved in their appropriate solvents. These extracts were analyzed individually by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) to detect the presence of their phytoconstituents. The instrument used for High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) was CAMAG LINOMAT 5. These analytical investigations were highly useful for preparing Polyherbal formulation - RVSPHF567 which is highly effective as Hepatoprotective agent and can be used in-vivo as a potential therapeutic agent. The sample was prepared by solvent extraction. Then 2μl of test solution was loaded as 6mm band length on the 9 x 10 Silica gel 60F254 TLC plate. This was done by using Hamilton syringe. These plates were kept in respective mobile phase Chloroform: Methanol: Water (6.5: 2.5: 0.4) for spot development to 90mm. These plates were dried and kept in Photo-documentation chamber - CAMAG REPROSTAR 3. The images were captured at White light, UV 254nm and UV 366nm. The developed plates were sprayed with respective spray reagent and photo-documented in White light and UV 366nm mode. Then the same were scanned at 500nm. The Peak table, Peak display and Peak Densitogram show the terpenoids profile in all the crude drugs.

Keywords

Polyherbal, Liver Protective.

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V. R. Ravikumar ¹, V. Saranya ², V. Gopal ³, B. Parimaladevi ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, The Erode College of Pharmacy and Research, Perunduari Main Road, Veppampalayam, Erode – 638 112, Tamilnadu, IN
2 The Erode College Of Pharmacy and Research, Erode-638 112, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Mother Theresa Post graduate and Research Institute of Health Sciences, Pondicherry, IN
4 Sastra University, Thanjaour, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The stem bark of Zanthoxylum tetraspermum wight and arn (Rutaceae) are reported to have a great medicinal value. The present study glimpses the pharmacognostical evaluation for the examination of morphological and microscopical characters, Determination of ash values and extractive values. Phytochemical screening including qualitative chemical examination was also carried out. This data reveals easy identification for the future investigators and an important aspect of drug studies.

Keywords

Zanthoxylum tetraspermum wight and Arn, Stem Bark, Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical.

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R. Ashokkumar ¹, S. Srinivasalu ¹, V. Gopal ², M. Jayaprakash ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai-600025, IN
2 Department of Applied Geology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025, IN

Abstract

Geoscientists are using many different approaches to study the deep-sea sediment cores. The various elements in the sediments help to determine how far terrigenous particles might have been transported from where they originated on the continent as a weathering product. Ocean sediments are the final product of weathering and of biogeochemical processes occurring in the ocean. This makes deep-sea sediment composition also a record of climate change on earth. The Weathering Indices are tools to calculate the weathering intensity of the sediments. Within this view, core sediments were collected from Bay of Bengal, off Cuddalore at the depth of 2591 m and the sub-samples with an interval of 5 cm. The textural study clearly indicates that the core sediments dominate with high amount of mud (Silt+Clay). From the correlation analyses, Al2O3 is found to be strongly correlated with Iron, Calcium and Magnesium Oxides. Weathering indices such as Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW), and Plagioclase Index of Alteration (PIA) were evaluated. CIA values (60.65%) indicate moderate chemical weathering of the source rock under tropical to subtropical climatic conditions. PIA values (62.83%) off Cuddalore indicate the presence of plagioclase feldspars in core sediments.

Keywords

Weathering Indices, Major Oxides, CIA, PIA and Off Cuddalore.

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