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Meena Bakshi , K. S. Thakur , Surinder Kumar

Abstract

Ninety six clones of Dalbergia sissoo were hedged at 30 cm of height level in the month of Jan. - Feb. in VMG at Birplasi, Nalagarh (HP) to assess shoot regeneration capacity of different clones. Significant differences (P> 0.001) were observed among clones regarding days to shoot emergence, collar diameter of cut stumps, shoot number, shoot length and basal diameter of shoots. The earliest shoot emergence (5 days) was recorded in clone 86 and 91 both belonging to Rajasthan. The maximum number of shoots (67) were recorded in clone 107 (Rajasthan) followed by 57 shoots (Clone 42, Gonda), while maximum shoot length (133cm) and diameter (11 mm) was observed in clone 9 (Pathri, Haridwar). A feeble (r=0.68) correlation was observed between collar diameter of stump and number of regenerated shoots.

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Charan Singh , Surinder Kumar , Ranjeet Singh , V. P. Pandey

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San Deep Sharma , Surinder Kumar , K. S. Thakur , P. S. Negi

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Gooseberry (Ribes orientale Desf.) is an important shrub of higher Himalayan regions and could be a potential species for cold desert areas. A study was conducted to determine the pre-sowing treatment in seeds of this species to overcome dormancy. The ripened berries were collected from Sangla valley in Himachal Pradesh and were immediately depulped and, airdried. Seeds were sown in petridishes in seed germinator after giving various pre-sowing treatments. It was found that the treatment of conc. H₂SO₄ for 1 minute followed by washing and 24 hours soak in cold water excelled others in germination per cent (58%) and germination energy per cent (51 %). This suggests the existence of seed coat dormancy in the seeds of Ribes orientale. Further the increase of germination per cent in best treatment over control was only 24.5% which suggested that the other factors were also responsible for setting dormancy in the species besides hard seed coat which need deeper investigation.

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Shailendra Kumar , Surinder Kumar , K. S. Kapoor , Ranjeet Singh , S. Chakrabarti

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No abstract

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Sandeep Sharma , P. S. Negi , K. S. Thakur , Surinder Kumar

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Colutea nepalensis is an important shrub of cold desert areas. A study was conducted to examine vegetative propagation of this species through shoot cuttings. The cuttings were collected from Pooh area of Kinnaur District of Himachal Pradesh during spring and autumn seasons and treated with IBA and IBA in combination with thiamine for induction and growth of adventitious ischolar_mains under intermittent mist in sterilized sand. Assessments on ischolar_maining, sprouting, ischolar_main number, ischolar_main length, shoot number and shoot length on the cuttings were conducted after 120-days of treatments. Of these, IBA treatments significantly promoted adventitious ischolar_maining in shoot cuttings collected during spring but in combination with thiamine failed to produce any synergetic effects on induction and growth of adventitious ischolar_mains. The highest ischolar_maining in that season (96.67%) was obtained from cuttings treated with 0.2% IBA + 0.05% Captan + 0.1% Sucrose. However, treatment of 0.1% IBA + 0.05% Captan+O.l% Sucrose is recommended as most economical treatment for mass propagation of Colutea nepalensis in mist chamber during spring season.

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Surinder Kumar , S. Chakrabarti , K. S. Kapoor , Shailendra Kumar

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No abstract

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A. Karthikeyan , Shailendra Kumar , Surinder Kumar

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A laboratory experiment was condncted to study the biocontrol effect of Trichoderma viride on Phytophthora cinnamomi. Simultaneously, the chemical treatments like carbendazim and Zn dust individually and in combinations were applied on P. cinnamomi. In this experiment, T. viride suppressed the growth of P. cinnamomi and zoosporangial development more effectively than other chemical treatments. It is, therefore, concluded that applying T. viride against P. cinnamomi might be an eco-friendly method for controlling the disease.

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Ranjeet Singh , Charan Singh , V. P. Pandey , Surinder Kumar

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No abstract

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Ranjeet Singh , G. S. Goraya , Charan Singh , Shalindra Kumar , Surinder Kumar

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Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii Sargent) is a very important indigenous conifer species of lower hills of Himalayas and the Shiwalik mountain range. A request to study the causes of mortality of Chir pine in Morni Forest Range under the Pinjore Forest Division in Haryana was received from the Conservator of Forests and the same have been investigated. It has been observed that the forest tract has been badly abused in past due to high biotic pressure , recurrent fires and heavy resin tapping by French Cup and Lip method. The resin tapping in the said forest has been stopped since 1983. However , the scars of the past injuries have left a permanent mark on these trees , which have over the years and due to recurrent fires lost their viability and have become prone to heavy insect borers infestation. So the immediate cause of current mortality in this area has been found to be the heavy infestation of insect borers. The study showed that these affected trees were severely attacked by four types of insect borers viz. Shpaenoptera aterrima , Cryptorhynchus rufescens , Platypus biformis and Polygrphus longifolia , which badly damaged the bark and bast and girdled the tree. Various insect pest management strategies including the insecticidal application were recommended for protecting the trees from the insect borers and their by protect them from mortality.

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Rajesh Sharma , Surinder Kumar , K. S. Thakur

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Pinus roxburghii Sargent (Chir pine) is the most important pine among the six indigenous pines of India. The genetic variation in Chir pine both among and within populations with regard to quantitative and qualitative aspects of inheritance, morphological, physiological, biochemical characters and gene marker studies have been studied in the past, but in isolation. The article reviews the results of various studies on different aspects of tree improvement of the species, specifically highlighting the work on isozyme analysis of the provenances and plus trees to narrow down the population/ provenance differences and their categorization based on genetic diversity, differentiation and genetic distances.

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R. K. Verma , K. S. Kapoor , R. S. Rawat , Surinder Kumar

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Studies were conducted in polythene bags of size 12" × 20" (25 × 50 cm approx) to evaluate the effect of different combinations of lime mine spoil and forest soil (1 : 0, 5 : 1, 2 : 1,1 : 1, 1 : 5 and 1 : 2 v/v) on performance of five tree species viz; Bauhinia variegata, Robinia pseudoacacia, Eucalyptus hybrid, Grewia optiva and Toona ciliata. The experiment was carried out in polythene bags using randomized complete block design with three replications during 2001. The results show that combination of lime mine spoil-forest soil in the ratio of 1 : 5 and 1 : 2 (v/v) was found to be most effective with regard to survival, growth and biomass production parameters in all the five species. Eucalyptus hybrid gave maximum height, collar diameter, shoot dry weight, ischolar_main dry weight and total biomass whereas, survival was observed highest in Grewia optiva. Eucalyptus hybrid was followed by Bauhinia variegata, Grewia optiva, Robinia pseudoacacia and Toona ciliata in terms of growth parameters.

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Ashok Kumar , Surinder Kumar , Ranjeet Singh , Shailendra Kumar

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Acacia catechu is a very important and preferred tree species in afforestation programmes in the lower sub-tropical zone of Himachal Pradesh. It is valued for its heartwood, which is used for extracting katha and cutch, ingredients of a number of Ayurvedic and Unani medicines. It suffers serious disease problem in the form of ischolar_main rot by Ganoderma lucidum causing great economic losses. Present paper discusses incidence of Ganoderma ischolar_main rot disease in a khair plantation in lower Siwaliks of Himachal Pradesh. 4.45 per cent tree mortality was recorded which indicated towards an alarming situation. The trees are showing early symptoms of discoloured foliage, trees with stag horn branches and gaps in lines due to removal of dead trees. The inoculum builds up very fast in the area where the sporophores were seen on dead trees, stumps and wood chips in the infected area. Incidence of drying and wilting was more severe in the cultivated portion than the unmanaged part of the land.

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Surinder Kumar , Naresh Chandra

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Sequential probability ratio test is developed for testing the hypothesis regarding the parameter of a Generalized Maxwell distribution. The expressions for the operating characteristics (OC) and average sample number (ASN) functions are derived. For the purpose of plotting the OC and ASN functions different approaches are used

Keywords

Generalized Maxwell Distribution, Sprt, OC And ASN Functions, Newton- Raphson Method

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Sanjay Fotedar ¹, Vikas Bhatti ², Vinay Rampal ³, Zahid H. Gilani ⁴, Surinder Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
3 Ex. Professor, Department of Internal Medicine Govt. Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
4 Ex. Professor, Department of Pharmacology Govt. Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, IN

Abstract

People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are at high risk of developing secondary infections, after seroconversion and with decreasing CD4 count the incidence of tuberculosis increases and adds to morbidity and mortality. Management includes concurrent treatment of HIV infection and specific management of tubercular infection. To study the clinical profile and disease outcome of tuberculosis in patients living with HIV/AIDS infection (PLHA). A prospective study from a tertiary care centre at Northern India. Patients with HIV/AIDS infection (PLHA) presenting with signs and symptoms of tuberculosis, diagnosed as cases of tuberculosis (pulmonary and extra pulmonary) were evaluated with respect to clinical profile, disease characteristics and socio demographic profile and respective data collected. 132 patients with HIV/AIDS infection diagnosed as cases of tuberculosis were included in study and data evaluated. Common clinical features included fever (84.4%), weight loss, (81.8%), cough with hemoptysis, followed by headache and altered sensorium. CD4 count <250 was significantly associated with tubercular infection with males effected more than females. Patients were diagnosed as having tubercular infection by AFB staining, Non-resolving pneumonitis on chest X-ray, HRTCT chest besides sputum culture, ESR, Monteux test, FNAC of lymph nodes and CSF study in extra pulmonary tubercular patients. The disease burden is more in developing and underdeveloped nations with high incidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Individuals infected with HIV infection may develop tubercular infection in course of HIV disease or may present with signs and symptoms of tubercular infection before being diagnosed as having HIV infection. The incidence of tubercular co-infection in PLHA is directly influenced by CD4 count and increases with fall in CD4 count. High degree of clinical suspicion with prompt evaluation for secondary infection including tuberculosis and timely management is associated with better outcomes.

Keywords

HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, morbidity, mortality, treatment

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