Prevalence of Diabetes and Hypertension among Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Patients at a Tertiary Care Centre

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. HT and DM have been recognized to coexist with COPD. Several risk factors have been associated with HT and DM in people with COPD: Smoking, systemic inflammation, obesity and physical inactivity. Objective: To estimate Prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases amongst study participants. Material and Method: The Cross-sectional study was conducted on 161 diagnosed COPD patients from August 2017 to December 2019 in Department of Respiratory Medicine Medical College and Tertiary Health Care Institute Nashik was included. Written informed consent was taken from all study participants and those who gave consent were enrolled in the present study. Result: Out of 161 COPD patients, prevalence of hypertension was 45.96% while prevalence of DM was 22.36%. The Highest prevalence of DM in Female (33.33%), HTN in Male (48%) and both DM and HTN in Female (8.33%), active smokers were mostly associated with DM and/or HTN. In stage IV (71), DM, HTN and both DM and HTN were recorded in maximum no. of cases, whereas in patients of Stage I - COPD least level were found. Increase association of DM and/or HTN increases with severity of obstruction. Conclusion: Prevalence of HTN was recorded more than DM. DM and HTN were found to be more prevalence in severe and very severe COPD patients. The COPD patients should be screened for DM and HTN at the time of diagnosis to prevent DM and/or HTN related complications in COPD patients.