Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Phytosomes:A Brief Overview


Affiliations
1 B.S.Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Alampur, Faridabad - 121004, Haryana, India
2 NIET School of Pharmacy, Greater Noida - 201306, Uttar Pradesh, India
 

Phytoconstituents have been used in medicine since ancient times due to their various pharmacological actions. Inspite having excellent bio-activity of plant extract and their phytoconstituents in vitro they have no in vivo actions due to their poor lipid solubility or inappropriate molecular size or both, which results in their poor absorption andlower bioavailability. Phytosomes are the novel formulation technology which helps to overcome these problems.Phytosomes are produced by a process whereby a standardized plant extract or its constituents are bound to phospholipids; mainly phosphotidylcholine, producing a lipid compatible complex. The phytosome technology has been applied over many popular herbal drugs such as Ginko biloba, hawthorn, olive oil, grape seed, green tea and ginseng. This article reviews the recent trends in phytosomes drug delivery.

Keywords

Phytosomes, Bioavailability, Plant Extract, Drug Delivery.
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Cott J. Natural product formulations available in europe for ps y chot ropi c indi cat ions. Psychopharmacol Bull.1995;31:745.
  • Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C. Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79:727-747.
  • Bhattacharya S. Phytosomes: Emerging strategy in delivery of herbal Drugs and Nutraceuticals. Pharma Times.2009;41(3): 9-13.
  • Macsarel la S. Therapeut ic and antilipoperoxidant effects of sylibin phosphatidylcholine complex in chronic liver disease , Preliminary results. Curr Ther Res.1993; 98-102.
  • Jain N.Phytosome:A Novel Drug Delivery System for Herbal Medicine. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res. 2010;2:224-228.
  • Gandhi A. Recent Trends of Phytosomes for delivering herbal Extract with improved Bioavailability. J Pharmacogn and Phytochem. 2012;4(1):6-12
  • Bombardelli E, Curri SB, Della RL, Del NP, Tubaro A, Garibold P. Complexes between phospholipids and vegetal derivatives of biological interest. Fitoterapia.1989;60:1-9.
  • Bombardelli E.Phytosome: new cosmetic delivery system.Boll Chim Farm.1991;130(11):431-38.
  • Bombardelli E, Spelta M. Phospholipidpolyphenol complexes:A new concept in skin care ingredients.Cosm & Toil.1991; 106(3):69-76.
  • Murray D.Phytosomes-Increase the absorption of herbal extract. Available from:www.doctomurrray.com/articles/silybin.htm. [last accessed on 2008 Sep 28].
  • Bombardelli E, Mustich G.Bilobalide phospholipid complex, their uses and formulation containing them.U.S.Patent US EPO-275005;1991.
  • Franco PG, Bombardelli E. Complex compounds of bioflavonoids with phospholipids, their preparation and uses and pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions containing them. U.S. Patent No-EPO 275005;1998
  • Sharma S, Sikarwar M. Phytosome: A review. Plant indica.2005;1(2): 1-3.
  • Naik SR, Panda VS. Hepatoprotective effect of Ginkoselect phytosome in rifampicin induced liver injury in rats: evidence of antioxidant activity. Fitoterapia.2008;79:439-445.
  • Sharma S, Roy RK. Phytosomes: An Emerging Technology.Int J Phar Res Dev.2010;2(5) :2.
  • Manthena S, Srinivas P, Sadanandam. Phytosome in herbal drug delivery. J Nat Pharm. 2010;1(1): 16.
  • Amin T, Bhat S. A review on phytosome technology as a novel approach to improve the bioavailability of nutraceuticals. Int J Adv Res Tech.2012;1:1-15.
  • Jain NK. Liposomes as drug carriers, controlled and novel drug delivery. CBS publisher; 2005, 308.
  • Marena C, Lampertico M. Preliminary clinical development of silipide: A new complex of silybin in toxic liver disorders. Planta Med. 1991; 57: A124-A125.
  • Amin T, Bhat S. A Review on phytosome technology as a novel approach to improve the bioavailability of nutraceuticals. Int J Adv Res & Tech.2012;1:1-15.
  • Maiti K, Mukherjee K, Gantait A, Saha BP, Mukherjee PK. Curcumin phospholipid complex: preparation, therapeutic evaluation and pharmacokinetic study in rats. Int J Pharm. 2007; 330(1):155-163.
  • Maiti K, Mukherjee K, Gantait A. Enhanced therapeutic potential of naringenin-phospholipid complex in rats.J Pharm Pharmacol. 2006; 58(9) : 1227-1233.
  • Yanyu X, Yunmei S, Zhipeng C. The preparation of silybin-phospholipid complex and the study on its pharmacokinetics in rats. Int J Pharm. 2006 ; 307:77-82.
  • Bombardelli E, Curri SB, Gariboldi P. Cosmetic utilization of complexes of Panax ginseng saponins with phospholipids in PHYTOSOME® form.Fitoterapia.1989;60:55–70.
  • Bombardelli E, Curri SB, Della LR, Del NP, Tubaro A, Gariboldi P. Anti-inflammatory activity of 18-âglycyrrhetinic acid in PHYTOSOME® form. Fitoterapia.1989;60:29–37.
  • Bombardelli E, Della LR, Del NP, Tubaro A, Gariboldi P, Piergentili A.Topical antiinflammatory activity of complexes of escin and sterols with phospholipids part. Fitoterapia.1989;60:39–44.
  • Gabetta B, Zini GF, Pifferi G. Spectroscopic studies on IdB 1016, a new flavolignan complex. Planta Med .1989;55:615.
  • Franceschi F, Giori A. A phospholipid complex of olive fruits or leaves extracts having improved bioavailability.EP1844785.2007.
  • Di Pierro F. Compositions comprising Ginko biloba derivatives for the treatment of asthmatic and allergic conditions.EP1813280.2007.
  • Bertell V. Fatty acid monoesters of sorbityl furfural and compositions for cosmetic and dermatological use.EP1690862.2006.
  • Doering T, Traeger A,Waldmann-Laue M. Cosmetic and dermatological composition for the treatment of aging or photo damaged skin. EP1640041.2006.
  • Kleinman HK, Goldstein AL.Treatment of skin, and wound repair, with thymosin beta 4. U. S. Patent No-20070015698.2007.
  • Khare AB. Soluble isoflavone compositions. WO/2004/ 045541, 2004.
  • Merizzi G. An anti-oxidant preparation based on plant extracts for the treatment of circulation and adiposity problems.EP1214084.2002.
  • Bombardelli E, Patri GF, Pozzi R. Complexes of saponins with phospholipids and pharmaceutical and cosmetic compositions containing them. EP0283713.1988.
  • Bombardelli E. Phytosomes in functional cosmetics.Fitoterapia .1994;65(5):320-27.
  • Hikino H, Kiso Y,Wagner H, Fiebig M. Antihepatotoxic actions of flavonolignans from Silybum marianum fruits. Planta Med. 1984; 50:248-250.
  • Yanyu X, Yunmei S, Zhipeng C, Quineng P. The preparation of Silybin-phospholipidcomplex and the study on its pharmacokinetics in rats. Int J Pharm.2006;307 (1):77-82.
  • Tedesco D, Steidler S, Galletti S, Tameni M, Sonzogni O, Ravarotto L. Efficacy of silymarinphospholipid complex in reducing the toxicity of aflatoxin B1 in broiler chicks. Poult Sci. 2004; 83 (11):1839-43.
  • Busby A, Grange LL, Edwards J, Kings J.The use of a silymarin/phospholipids compound as a feto protectant from ethanol-induced behavioral deficits.J Herb Pharmaco ther. 2002;2 (1) :39-47.
  • Grange LL, Wang M, Watkins R, Ortiz D, Sanchez ME, Konst J, Lee C, Reye E. Protective effects of the flavonoid mixture, silymarin, on fetal rat brain and liver.J Ethnopharmacol.1999;65:53-61.
  • Bombardelli E, Spelta M, Della RL, Sosa S, Tubaro A. Aging Skin: Protective effect of silymarin-Phytosome. Fitoterapia .1991; 62(2): 115-22.
  • Barzaghi N, Crema F, Gatti G, Pifferi G, Perucca E. Pharmacokinetic studies on IdB 1016, a Silybin phosphatidylcholine complex in healthy human subjects. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinetic. 1990;15:333-38.
  • Moscarella S, Giusti A, Marra F, Marena C, Lamper tico C, Relli P. Therapeutic and antilipoperoxidant effects of Silybin phosphatidylcholine complex in chronic liver disease: preliminary result. Curr Ther Res. 1993; 53:98102.
  • Available at: http:// www.indena.com AccessedOct.2, 2008.
  • Vitamedics, Phytosome Products, Available at http://www.vitamedics.com. Accessed –Sept. 19, 2008.
  • Schwitters B, Masquelier J, OPC in practice: Biflavanals and their application. Alfa Omega.Rome Italy.1993.
  • Facina RM. Free radicals scavenging action and anti enzyme activities of procyanidins from Vitis vinifera.A mechanism for their capillary protective action.Arzneim Forsch.1994;44:592-601.
  • Phospholipids: The vital lipids. Available at: www.phospholipidsonline.com Accessed-Sept 26, 2008.
  • Maiti K, Mukherjee K, Gantait A, Ahamed HN, Saha BP, Mukherjee PK. Enhanced therapeutic benefit of quercetin-phospholipid complex in carbon tetrachloride induced acute liver injury in rats: a comparative study. Iran J Pharmacol Ther. 2005;4:84-90.
  • Maiti K, Mukherjee K, Gantait A, Saha BP, Mukherjee PK, Curcumin phospholipid complex: Preparation, therapeutic evaluation and pharmacokinetic study in rats. Int J Pharm. Sept. 2006 (In Press).
  • Acharya NS, Parihar GV, Acharya SR.Phytosome: Novel approach for delivering herbal extract with improved bioavailability. Pharma Sci Monitor. 2011;2:144-160.
  • M. T. Murray. Phytosomes: Herbal Support–Increase the Absorption of Herbal Extracts, Available at www. doctomurray.com/articles/ silybin.htm, 2004
  • Kidd PM. Phytosomes: highly bioavailable plant extracts.Available at http://www.indena.com.
  • Vitamedics. Phytosome products. Available at http://www.vitamedics.com.
  • Joshi A, Chaturvedi S, Kumar V. Phytosomes-a revolution in herbal drugs. Pharma Review. Kongposh Publications;2007.
  • Naik SR, Pilgaonkar VW. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Ginkgo biloba phytosomes in rat brain . Phytother Res.2006;20:1013-1016.
  • Bombardelli E, Curri SB, Loggia DR. Antiinflammatory activity of 18-beta glycyrrhetinic acid in phytosome form.Fitoterapia.1989;60:29-37.

Abstract Views: 419

PDF Views: 89




  • Phytosomes:A Brief Overview

Abstract Views: 419  |  PDF Views: 89

Authors

Sarika Dhir
B.S.Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Alampur, Faridabad - 121004, Haryana, India
R. K. Khar
B.S.Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Alampur, Faridabad - 121004, Haryana, India
G. S. Chakraborthy
NIET School of Pharmacy, Greater Noida - 201306, Uttar Pradesh, India
Maan Saurabh
B.S.Anangpuria Institute of Pharmacy, Alampur, Faridabad - 121004, Haryana, India

Abstract


Phytoconstituents have been used in medicine since ancient times due to their various pharmacological actions. Inspite having excellent bio-activity of plant extract and their phytoconstituents in vitro they have no in vivo actions due to their poor lipid solubility or inappropriate molecular size or both, which results in their poor absorption andlower bioavailability. Phytosomes are the novel formulation technology which helps to overcome these problems.Phytosomes are produced by a process whereby a standardized plant extract or its constituents are bound to phospholipids; mainly phosphotidylcholine, producing a lipid compatible complex. The phytosome technology has been applied over many popular herbal drugs such as Ginko biloba, hawthorn, olive oil, grape seed, green tea and ginseng. This article reviews the recent trends in phytosomes drug delivery.

Keywords


Phytosomes, Bioavailability, Plant Extract, Drug Delivery.

References