Problems and Prospects of Botanical Methods of Mineral Exploration with Reference to India - an Appraisal

The present report attempts to evaluate the existing literature with regard to geobotanical and biogeochemical methods of investigation for mineral prospecting. The emphasis is laid o.i the validity of grouping of indicator plants into 'Universal' and 'Local' in the light of their limitations in application value. The report also stresses the essentiality of biosystematic studies prior to making any new reports from any mineralized areas. This suggestion is made taking in view the prevailing opinions on the evolution and adaptation of indicator plants. Moreover, few notable indicator species are now recognised as only ecotypes of the related species growing on unmineralised areas. A compilation of indicator plants is made and the scope of utilisation and profitable exploitation of these taxa is discussed. A few important aspects of biogeochemistry are also given which are necessary in systematic and effective orientation surveys. It was felt that instead of taking up this subject in the established line, the analysis of herbarium material, procured from different herbaria of the country would be of great use for a quick tracing and assessment of mineral rich areas in the country.