Indian Welding Journal

P. Majumdar

Abstract

The Annual General Meeting (AGM) of IIW was held on 22nd December, '97. We welcome our new President Mr. S. K. Burman, Vice-Presidents Mr. M. P. Dhanuka, Mr. R. S. Babu and Mr. S. Chowdhury, and Hony. Treasurer Mr. R. Khar. We look forward to a prosperous New Year with our dynamic office bearers in the lead.

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P. Majumdar

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“Time and tide wait for none...”. Those wise words could be relevant in connection with welding education in India. The need for skilled personnel is pressing in industries as also in the centers of learning. Obviously, it only makes sense when trained personnel take over the wheels whether in industries or in the classrooms.

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P. Majumdar

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The Indian Welding Journal which has been portraying the activities in the welding
profession in the country every three months now comes to you with this issue in a shining
new look. It is now liberally adorned with colour advertisements - on its front cover, front
inside, on back inside and back cover of the Journal. Besides, there is a splendid centrespread
of advertisement together with two more colour ads before and after the centrespread. with
this issue an era of greater stability for the journal is ushered in.

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P. Majumdar

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European Welding Federation's (EWF) experiences in developing and institutionalising guidelines for the "... minimum required contents of training ... for the welding coordinators -..." i.e. for the European Welding engineers, technologists and specialists cannot quite have passed into technology development history, when in most of the non-European countries, including India, vigorous assessment and evaluation v^orks are continuing for similar achievements.

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P. Majumdar

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We have come round an eventful year for the Indian Institute of Welding as well as the Indian Welding Journal. While we reminisce in this issue on a few events in the Institute's calendar pf the past year, we would like to focus on the year's success story which relates to the Indian Welding Journal with its new look (since July '98) as represented by the colourful covers and centre pages of the journal.

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P. Kumar ¹, P. Majumdar ¹, T. K. Pal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Student Jadavpur University, Calcutta-700 032, IN

Abstract

3.5% nickel steel possesses a combination of high strength and resistance to brittle fracture which makes it suitable to be widely used for the fabrication of storage tanks designed to be used at between 223K and 172K (pressure vessels to produce ethylene or propylene from naptha in chemical plant)[1-4].

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P. Majumdar

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Imagine an august gathering of international scientists, engineers, technologists, welding professionals and acolytes, numbering well over 350, participating in brainstorming sessions on Welding science and technology spread over 3 days - and that is what you would have seen in the International Welding Conference in New Delhi on 15-17 February’99 (IWC’99). Overall, this gala occasion with the deep involvement of a large body of people was analogous to a symphony produced over 3 consecutive days.

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P. Majumdar

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The Indian Institute o f Welding sagaciously organises international events such as the International Welding Seminar every year. Aspiringly, some of the branch organisations also organise such international events wherefrom mutual benefits are drawn by all concerned, and so it should be in today's world.

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P. Majumdar

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1 take this opportunity to refer again to the inauguration of the Durgapur Extension Centre on 3™ July reported in the last issue of the journal. It was a task well performed by the leaders of IIW Calcutta chapter and the G.P Committee in close association with the present members of the Executive Committee of the Extension Centre. We look forward to similar opportunities to highlight such events in respect of all our branches across the country.

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P. Majumdar

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We begin this New Year as the last year of the 20th Century, with the advent of the 21st Century not being far away. The 33rd Annual General Meeting of the Indian Institute of Welding is just over having been held on 8th January.

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P. Majumdar

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In the last issue of the Journal, we have reported the successful conclusion of SOJOM 2000. In this issue, three technical papers presented at SOJOM 2000 are published, which include the Keynote paper entitled “Role of Repair Welding in the management of Power Plant Components" by Dr. Placid Rodriguez et al.

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P. Majumdar

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Ever increasing demand for Al-Zn-Mg alloys in the construction industry stems from these materials’ high strength to weight ratio, toughness and corrosion resistance properties in all weathers.

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P. Majumdar

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The Indian Institute of Welding, Calcutta Branch had organized their Annual Seminar - Weld 2000 on “Developing Trend in Welding Technology" recently on August 11 & 12 at ICI Hall, Calcutta, in association with INSDAG, Calcutta and IE(I) MME Division, Calcutta. Details of this two-day long seminar is highlighted elsewhere in this issue of the Journal.

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P. Majumdar

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The month of October ushers in the Festive Season of the year. People all over the country resonate with the Season’s ethos - admiring creativity, worshipping and celebrating. Unauspiciously, across the globe in the USA, on the 11th of September destruction struck by the evil hand of mankind has brought untold suffering to many. We offer our heartfelt sympathy to the bereaved. We offer our sympathy to all innocent victims of violence. May we offer our Bejoya/Dussehra greetings to all.

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P. Majumdar

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The quest for materials with greater mechanical and resistance properties combined with fabricability, which are to be used in conjuction with new-generation welding hardwares for achieving higher productivity and economy, has given rise to multi-disciplinary research programmes in the industry. This is a must. Numerous statistics indicate the lack of relationship between production volume, cost and R&D expenditure in all industrial sectors. In the global R&D scenario India’s share remains abysmally low. This concerns us all. In the market place, we can only compete on the basis of quality for quality with the support of planned R&D, and not by borrowing foreign technology for ever. We know it all!

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P. Majumdar

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As you are aware, the millennium conference on Welding Technology “IWC-2001” concluded on 17th February. The records show that a total of 250 delegates participated in the conference, and 86 technical papers were presented in 19 sessions spread over 3 days. Welding Institutes from Australia, Hungary, Rumania, Singapore and the International Institute of Welding (U.K.) were represented. A detailed report on the event is given by Shri N. K. Sarkar in this issue of the journal.

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P. Majumdar

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The growth of the fabrication industry in general, and maintenance of plants and machineries, cutting and cladding, hardfacing and other reclamation processes have generated a demand for welding equipment (power source) which can achieve quality deposition at ever faster rate with flexibility of operation. In the development of semi-automatic and mechanised processes such as MIG/MAG, some of the important achievements have been the greater rate and quality of weld metal deposition at improved power utilisation. Utility based compact, multi-functional power sources have functional advantages related to productivity. These have been discussed lucidly by Mr. M. P. Dhanuka in his paper “Latest trends in welding equipments and consumables” which many of us would find very informative and relevant.

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P. Majumdar

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Fabrication industries in general and nuclear and space-related industries in particular use a very large tonnage of stainless steel (SS) of all types. From the domestic kitchen to the cryogenic hive of a cyclotrone, SS connections are ubiquitous. R&D works are going on globally to highlight the unique properties and therefore the uses of different kinds of SS. In his paper “Welding Processes and Technology for Stainless Steels”, the author Dr. Bhaduri has discussed this material’s unique corrosion resistance properties, its strength, toughness and ductility at widely varying temperatures in a host of industrial environments. Joining of this material by welding brings to the fore the physics of the material, its HAZ and the deposited weld metal and so on. By stressing the uniqueness of this material’s properties the author reassuringly states that it could be welded by all principal welding processes viz. SMAW, GMAW, GTAW, SAW and FCAW However, corrosion resistance, cracking propensity, precipitation phenomena, alloy-partitioning need to be considered for proper selection of a welding process. The author has covered a wide area in dealing with the subject matter lucidly, which would no doubt be of interest to many in the field.

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P. Majumdar

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In the joining of materials, choice of methods, requirement of energy, time and material all demand the involvement of expert knowledge. In a batch process or in continuous large scale industrial welding process in particular, the output could either wholly justify or negate the assessed cost. Cutting corners, however is not an expert solution, particularly when cost-margin is a prickly issue. Once the joining is over by stages, Non-Destructive Testing CNDT) of the weld joint is carried out. It is not quality on the one hand and cost margin on the other, but rather both coincidentally support the “value base" of the product.

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P. Majumdar

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A proper scrutiny of welded joints lays stress on finding out the joint's soundness - quality, its mechanical properties, compositional variations, micrographic consistency and so on, and then predicts on the viability of the joint. Non-destructive testing of welded joints of finished, near finished components or a part thereof has become quality control’s master stroke, so to speak, in the fabrication industry in general. Near surface, sub-surface or deep inside - across all these areas material unsoundness can prevail. Under the application of load dislocation condensed voids become micron size 'engineering flaws’ which need to be located and arrested, if possible, thereby improving the life performance of the material. Flaws become critical in time and consequently brittle failure follows soon. Flaw detection by Non-destructive testing now needs no introduction. Author S. S. Ananthan’s paper “Non-destructive Testing of Welds” would no doubt generate interest, both at the basics and user’s levels, for many a technologist.

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P. Majumdar

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With the advent of the year 2003 the 36th Annual General Meeting (AGM) of the Institute was weathered in and was held on 24th January (03) at the Rosewood Hall, Park Hotel, Kolkata. President of the Institute Dr. Baldev Raj had chaired the AGM and had ably conducted the meeting. However Dr. Baldev Raj could not continue as President beyond the tenure due to his pressing personal assignment. The Institute would surely miss his leadership. We wish him all success. We also gracefully welcome the new President of the Institute Mr. K. M. Panthaki and all the members of the council for the year 2002-2003. We look forward to the development to new heights during the coming year.

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P. Majumdar

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I take caution in putting it to nay first editorial content, to my fellow readers of Indian Welding Journal (IWJ) that the new editor has commenced working. The inhouse delay has caused us to proclaim this issue, like the preceding one, as a combined July-October '95 issue of IWJ. This is regretted and we apologies to our readers for any inconvenience this might inadvertently have caused. It is indeed credit to my predecessor Shri GL. Mukhopadhyay who had so efficiently maintained publication of the IWJ under unfavourable conditions that many contemporary technical journals in the country and abroad are facing. It is regretted that Shri Mukhopadhvav had to leave for greener pasture. We wish him all the best.

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P. Majumdar

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President Dr. Placid Rodriguez's address to the National Welding Seminar - 1995, organised by the Cochin Branch of IIW, has brought to the fore several areas of our Institute's experience - past and contemporary. Emphases were adorned particularly on issues pertaining to the Institute's constitution, training, education (AM-IIW), certification and broad management. During his tall leadership-span over two years as the President of the Institute and a member since - 1977, relationship between IIW and all others including overseas institutions grew from strength to strength. Dr. Rodriguez's incessant persuasion has been, and we say would continue to seek out the excellance within all participants for the common goal. Retiring President had made the poignant point .... "Welding is joining together and affront to isolation" ... we welcome his new role as the Past President of the Institute.

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P. Majumdar

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The report on a course on "Welding Metallurgy, Technology and Quality Assurance" on 16-20 January, 1996, organised by the Technical Committee of IIW and held at IGCAR, Kaipakkam, reveals how widely the course was accepted by the Welding related industries in general. This is yet another pointer apropos to the future organisers of such courses in the country. The inherent question probably is not so much about the uncertainty of (numbers of) participants hut lies in the realm of organisation of those courses in general. Other reports of such courses, which could be termed broadly as refreshers ’, continuation, special or beginners, have several course aspects in common. For instance, all such courses are related to the technology of joining of metals and alloys and, either singular or multiples of joining technologies are read, selection criteria of joining techniques - including welding consumables are referred and the quality assurance aspect of welded joints is emphasised as a matter of course. Binding it all together is the general metallurgy aspect which is revered across the course content. It is indeed assuring that such courses, at all different levels, are in great demand and the supply side probably needs a bit more support then hitherto spared from all relevant quarters - the welding related industries, the professional institutions, the technical journals - to name a few. Information regarding the potential contents of .such courses needs to be highlighted and in this regard, IWJ is committed to do it’s bit by arranging to publish the related materials of such courses, whenever possible, at a short notice.

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P. Majumdar

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Residual Stresses in material, tensile or compressive, are pent up furies that are released, unpredictably, over a period of time depending much upon temperature, ambient or applied. Tensile residual stresses add-on to applied stresses thereby increasing actual stress-situation in a component could promote premature failure - even more sounder the conjoint action of cyclic loading and ‘the environment’. On the other hand compressive residual stresses would hinder (surface) crack nucleation, somewhat obviating the situation In the material as under tensile residual stresses. In this issue of the IWJ authors of two papers, dedicated to the generic terms related to residual stresses in material ( P-7 & 24 ), describe in worthy details with wealth of references, difficulties both in theoretical modeling and in data accumulation processes. Readers, particularly In R & D works, would find useful references.

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P. Majumdar

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in this issue, three technical papers which have won the Institute's Annual Awards for papers presented at the National Welding Seminar, 1995 held at Cochin, are published. Of these three, the paper entitled Hot Cracking Susceptibility of Nickel Base Alloy 718 authored by V. Shankar et al from the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, has won the H, D, Govindraj Memorial Research Award and also the Weidmen Award for the Best Poster Paper. We intend to publish the remaining three award-wining papers of NWS-1995 in the coming issues of the Journal.

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P. Majumdar

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50 Years of our Independence : In this Golden Jubilee Year of our Freedom, we join the nation in remembering the sacrifices, the toils and sufferings of our countrymen in achieving our independence, and we humbly pledge ourselves to uphold the ideals and values that we have inherited.

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P. Majumdar

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In the mean time, the Annual General Meeting (AGM) of IIW was held on 22nd November ’96, and the Office bearers for the year 1996-97 have been elected. We welcome our (IIW) President Mr. J. K. Nanda, Vice-Presidents, Mr. S. K. Burman, Dr. G. L. Dutta and Mr. M. P. Dhanuka, Hony. Secretary Mr. A. K. Mukherjee and Hony. Treasurer. Mr. S. K. Ghosh. We look forward to a Prosperous New Year for IIW — active in all fronts and ushering in new vigour.

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