International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Microbiology and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Odontogenic Space Infection


Affiliations
1 Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Dental College & Hospital, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
2 Preventive & Social Medicine, Dr VM Medical College & Hospital, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
3 Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Bangalore, India
 

Background: Dental infections, including gingivitis, odontogenic infections periodontitis, dental caries and, result in frequent dental visits. Infection can be mild buccal space infection or severe life threatening multi space infection.

Objectives: To appraise causative microorganisms responsible for odontogenic space infections and to evaluate sensitivity and resistance to antibiotics used in the treatment.

Materials and Methods: 90 patients with orofacial space infections were considered. Pus samples were collected with aseptic precautions and examined in the department of microbiology for culture and antibiotic sensitivity.

Results: Aerobic organisms were highly sensitive to Ceftriaxone 95.2%, Levofloxacin 90.5% and Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid for 81% and were resistance to Ampicillin and Cefaclor 47.6%. Anaerobic organisms were 100% resistance to Ampicillin and were 100% sensitive to Cephalothin, Cephalexin, Gatifloxacin, Linezolid and Tazact. 91.7% were sensitive to Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid. Ampicillin resistance was seen in 47.6% of aerobes and 100% of the anaerobes.

Conclusion: This study confirms that the microbiological flora of odontogenic infections consists of complex mixture of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The microorganisms isolated were Streptococcus viridians, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, and Coagulase negative Staphylococci. Most common anaerobic organisms were Peptococci and Peptostreptococci. Amoxicillin/Clavulunic acid and Cefotaxime were most effective antibiotics.


Keywords

Odontogenic Infections, Streptococcus Viridians, Amoxicillin, Clavulunic Acid, Ceftriaxone.
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Store W, Haug RH, Lillich TT. The Changing Face of Odontogenic Infections. J Oral MaxillofacSurg 2001;59:739-748.

  • Topazian, Goldberg, Hupp. Oral and Maxillofacial Infections. 4th Edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders company; 2002.

  • Sandor GKB, Low DE, Judd PL, Davidson RJ. Antimicrobial Treatment Options the Management of Odontogenic Infections. CDA-ADC Journal 2009;1-9.

  • Loureriro Sato FR, Casseb Hajala FA, Vasconcelos Freire Filho FW, Fernandes Moreira RW, Marico de Moraes. Eight Year Retrospective Study of Odontogenic Origin Infections in a Postgraduation Program on Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. J Oral and MaxillofacSurg 2009;67:10921097.

  • Tozoglu S, Buyukkurt MC, Uslu H. Role of Socioeconomic Factors in Maxillofacial Abscess of Odontogenic Origin. Ataturk Univ DişHek Fak Derg, Cilt:19, Sayı: 1, Yıl: 2009, Sayfa: 26-30.

  • Kuriyama T, Karasawa T, Nakagawa K, Nakamura S, Yamamoto E. Antimicrobial susceptibility of major pathogens of orofacialodontogenic infections to 11 betalactam antibiotics. Oral MicrobiolImmunol. Oct 2002;17(5):285-9.

  • Flynn TR, Shanti MR, Levi HM, Adamo AK, Kraut AR, Trieger N. Severe Odontogenic Infections, Part 1: Prospective Report. J Oral MaxillofacSurg 2006;64:1093-1103.

  • Rega AJ , Aziz SR, Ziccardi VB.Microbiology and Antibiotic Sensitivites Of Head and Neck Space Infections of Odontogenic Origin. J Oral and MaxillofacSurg 2006;64:1377-1380.

  • Stefaanopoulos PK, Kolokotronis AE. The Clinical Significance of anaerobic bacteria in acute orofacialodontogenic infections. Oral Surg Oral med oral pathol Oral RadiolEndod 2004;98:398-408.

  • Storoe W, Haug RH, Lillich TT. The changing face of odontogenic infections. J Oral MaxillofacSurg 2001;59:739-48.

  • Kuriyama T, NakagawaK, KarasawaT, Saiki Y, Yamamoto E, Nakamura S. Past administration of Beta lactam antibiotics and increase in the emergence of beta lactamase producing bacteria in patients with orofacialodontogenic infections. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral RadiolEndod 2000;89:186-92.

  • M Sakaguchi, S Sato, T Ishiyama, S Katsuno, K Taguchi. Characterization and management of deep neck infections. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997;26:131-134.

  • Sandor GK, Low DE, Judd PL, Davidson RJ. Antimicrobial treatment options in the management of odontogenic infections. J Can Dent Assoc 1998;64:508-14

  • Baker KA, Fotos PG. The management of odontogenic infections. A rationale for appropriate chemotheraphy. Dent Clin North Am 1994;38:689-706.

  • Indresano AT, Haug RH, Hoffman MJ. Third Molar as a cause of deep space infections. J Oral MaxillofacSurg 1992;50:30–5.

  • Brook I, Frazier EH, Gher ME. Aerobic and anaerobic microbiology of periapical abscess. Oral MicrobiolImmunol 1991;6:123-5.

  • Gill Y, Scully C. The microbiology and management of acute dentoalveolar abscess. Views of British Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons. Br J Oral MaxillofacSurg 1988;26:452-7.

  • Lewis MA, MacFarlane TW, McGowan DA. Quantitative bacteriology of acute dentoalveolar abscesses. J Med Microbiol 1986;21:101-4.

  • Heimdahl A, Nord CE. Treatment of orofacial infections of odontogenic origin. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl 1985;46:101-5.

  • Labriola JD, Mascaro J, Alpert B. The microbiologic flora of orofacial abscess. J Oral MaxillofacSurg 1983.

  • Hunt DE, Meyer RA. Continued evolution of the microbiology of oralinfections. J Am Dent Assoc 1983;107:52-4.

  • Kannangara DW, Thadepalli British H, Mc Quiter JL. Bacteriology and treatment of dental infections. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1980;50:103-9.

  • Barlett JG, O’Keefe P. The bacteriology of Perimandibular space infections. J Oral Surg 1979;37:407-9.

  • Labriola JD, Mascaro J, Alpert B. The microbiologic flora of orofacial abscess. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1983;41:711-4.


Abstract Views: 276

PDF Views: 127




  • Microbiology and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Odontogenic Space Infection

Abstract Views: 276  |  PDF Views: 127

Authors

A. N. Santosh
Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Dental College & Hospital, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
A. N. Viresh
Preventive & Social Medicine, Dr VM Medical College & Hospital, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
B. K. Sharmada
Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Bangalore, India

Abstract


Background: Dental infections, including gingivitis, odontogenic infections periodontitis, dental caries and, result in frequent dental visits. Infection can be mild buccal space infection or severe life threatening multi space infection.

Objectives: To appraise causative microorganisms responsible for odontogenic space infections and to evaluate sensitivity and resistance to antibiotics used in the treatment.

Materials and Methods: 90 patients with orofacial space infections were considered. Pus samples were collected with aseptic precautions and examined in the department of microbiology for culture and antibiotic sensitivity.

Results: Aerobic organisms were highly sensitive to Ceftriaxone 95.2%, Levofloxacin 90.5% and Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid for 81% and were resistance to Ampicillin and Cefaclor 47.6%. Anaerobic organisms were 100% resistance to Ampicillin and were 100% sensitive to Cephalothin, Cephalexin, Gatifloxacin, Linezolid and Tazact. 91.7% were sensitive to Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid. Ampicillin resistance was seen in 47.6% of aerobes and 100% of the anaerobes.

Conclusion: This study confirms that the microbiological flora of odontogenic infections consists of complex mixture of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The microorganisms isolated were Streptococcus viridians, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, and Coagulase negative Staphylococci. Most common anaerobic organisms were Peptococci and Peptostreptococci. Amoxicillin/Clavulunic acid and Cefotaxime were most effective antibiotics.


Keywords


Odontogenic Infections, Streptococcus Viridians, Amoxicillin, Clavulunic Acid, Ceftriaxone.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/ijmds%2F2014%2F80675