Open Access
Subscription Access
Seminogram in Male Partners of Infertile Couples
Background: Infertility is defined as failure to conceive within one or more years of regular unprotected coitus. The infertility state is dependent on the female factor as well as masculine factor; an altered masculine factor is designated when any cause or causes of infertility reside in the male. The masculine factor as a cause of infertility is present in 40-50% of cases hence the importance of an integral evaluation of the male alterations and its fertility.
Objectives: The present study aims to assess the seminal patterns of male partners of 100 infertile couples for various parameters and their possible contribution to infertility.
Material and Methods: The present study was conducted on male partners of 100 infertile couples who were referred by Gynecology and Obstetric department to Pathology Department, Government Medical College, Patiala for semen examination. The semen was collected by masturbation in all cases in a clean dry detergent free container. After liquefaction and mixing, basic analysis was done which includes volume, viscosity, pH, spermatozoal concentration, motility and morphology. Data was evaluated by means of chi-square test.
Results: Of 100 seminogram, 43% showed alterations in the seminal indexes; with asthenospermia in 39.5%, Oligoasthenospermia in 30.2%, Oligospermia in 16.2%, and Azoospermia in 13.9%.
Conclusion: Male factors were mostly responsible as a cause of infertility. Asthenospermia was the most common type of semen defect present in these infertile males. Most of the males with semen defect were of age group >30yrs. Incidence of semen defect among males increased with duration of infertility.
Keywords
- Kumar P, Malhotra N. Infertility and Assisted Reproductive Technology. In Jeffcoate’s Principles of Gynaecology. 7th ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Publishers; 2008. p.699-700.
- Dutta DC. Infertility. In: Textbook of Gynaecology including contraception. 5th ed. Kolkata: New Central Book Agency; 2008.p.220-21.
- Padubidri V G, Daftary S N. The pathology of conception. In: Howkins and Bourne Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology. 14th ed. New Delhi: Elsevier; 2008.p.180-2.
- Rosai J. Male Reproductive System. In: Rosai and Ackermans Surgical Pathology. 9th ed. New Delhi: Elsevier; 2004.p.1414-5.
- Moghisi KS, Sim G. Correlation between hysterosalpingography and pelvic endoscopy for the evaluation of tubal factors. Fertil Steril 1975;260(12):117881.
- Cooper TG, Noonan E, Von Eckardstein S, Auqer J, Baker HW, Behre HM et al. World Health Organization references values for human semen characteristics. Hum Reprod Update 2010;16(3):231-45.
- Burney R O, Schust D J, Yao MWM. Infertility. In: Berek J S. Berek and Novak's Gynecology. 14th ed. Philadelphia: Lipincott Williams and Wilkins; 2007.p.1193.
- Roland M. Management of the infertile couple. Springfield: Charles C Thomas; 1968.p.234.
- Raymont A, Arronet G H, Arrata WSM. Review of 500 cases of infertility. Fertility Family 1970;25(2):158-61.
- Kistner R W. A rational approach to the evaluation of infertility. In: Behrman S J and Kistner R W (eds). Progress of infertility. 2nd ed. Boston: Little Brown; 1975.p.1-14.
- Dor J, Homburg R, Rabau E. An evaluation of etiologic factors and therapy in 665 infertile couples. Fertil steril 1977;28(7):718-22.
- Marshall J R. Infertility. In: Current Obstet and Gynecologic Diagnosis and Treatment. 6th ed. Norwalk: Appleton and Lange; 1978.p.897-912.
- Dawn C S. Infertility, disorders of sexual function. In: Textbook of Gynaecology and contraception. 13th ed. Kolkata: Dawn Books; 1999.p.213-41.
- Rajan R, Joseph KC, Ambika Devi K. Hysterosalpingography in the assessment of tubal functions in infertility. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1981; 31:794-96.
- Andrews WC, Speroff L, Ackerman S, Moghisi KS. Investigation of the infertile couple. Birmingham, AL: American Fertility Society; 1986.p.47.
- Bhide AG. Laparoscopic evaluation of the etiopathology of infertility. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1990;40(6):680-82.
- Rajan R. Etiology of Infertility study of 6009 infertile couples over 17 years. J Obstet Gynaecol India 1990;40(3):400406.
- Adenijiv RA, Olayemi O, Okunlola MA, Aimakhu CO. Pattern of Semen analysis of male partners of infertile couples at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. West Afr J Med 2003;22(3):243-5.
- Ugboaja JO, Monago EN, Obiechina NJ. Pattern of semen fluid abnormalities in male partners of infertile couples in Southeastern, Nigeria, Niger J Med 2010;19(3):286-8.
- Salgado Jacobo MI, Tovar RJM, Hernandez MI, Ayala Ruiz AR. Frequency of altered male factor in an infertility clinic. Ginecol Obstet Mex 2003;71:2337.
- Warner MF. Results of a twenty five year study of 1553 infertile couples. Obstet Gynec Survey 1963;18(3):447-49.
- Cates W, Farley TMM, Rowe PJ. Worldwide patterns of infertility - Is Africa different? Lancet 1985;2:596-98.
- Marimuthu P, Kapilashrami MC, Misro MM, Singh G. Evaluation of trend in semen analysis for 11 years in subjects attending a fertility clinic in India. Asian J Androl 2003;5(3):221-5.
- Insler V, Potashnik G, Glassner M. Some epidemiological aspects of fertility evaluation. In Insler, Bettendorf editors. Advances in diagnosis and treatment of infertility. New York: Elsevier; 1981.p.165-77.
Abstract Views: 257
PDF Views: 143