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Topical Application of Citrus limon Peel Essential Oil Increased Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression on Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction


Affiliations
1 Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
2 Dental Profession Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
3 Bachelor Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
 

Introduction: Citrus limon peels essential oil has the potential to be developed as a topical medicine due to its active components. The essential oil has been demonstrated in numerous studies to have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. A study is required to determine whether Citrus limon peel essential oil can cause a type IV hypersensitivity reaction by examining the expression of the cytokines TNF-, IL-1, and IL-6 as well as the clinical manifestations on an animal skin. In this study, the effect of topically applying the essential oil of Citrus limon peel on the expression of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 as well as on type IV hypersensitivity reaction symptoms was examined. Methods: This study is based on the guinea-pig maximisation test method in NADFC RI Regulation Number 7 of 2014, with two groups (control group and treatment group) for each set of ten samples. Citrus limon peels essential oil was administered to the treatment group, whereas CMC-Na was given to the control group. Animal models were euthanized after which the tissues were prepared as specimens for immunohistochemical staining. The expression of cytokines was computed and examined using a light microscope. Results: There were no clinical signs of type IV hypersensitivity in either group, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the treatment group was found higher than in the control group. Conclusion: After topical administration of Citrus limon peels essential oil, there was an increase in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 without any clinical symptoms of type IV hypersensitivity.

Keywords

Citrus limon, Essential Oil, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1, Type IV Hypersensitivity
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  • Topical Application of Citrus limon Peel Essential Oil Increased Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression on Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction

Abstract Views: 138  |  PDF Views: 76

Authors

Fatma Yasmin Mahdani
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Ulyasari Rachmaningayu
Dental Profession Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Elva Anjani
Dental Profession Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Asri Dewanti Adhi Nugrahaeni
Dental Profession Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Naqiya Ayunnisa
Bachelor Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Salsabila Fitriana Putri
Bachelor Dental Science Program, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Nurina Febriyanti Ayuningtyas
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Priyo Hadi
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Hening Tuti Hendarti
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia
Diah Savitri Ernawati
Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya - 60132, Indonesia

Abstract


Introduction: Citrus limon peels essential oil has the potential to be developed as a topical medicine due to its active components. The essential oil has been demonstrated in numerous studies to have anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. A study is required to determine whether Citrus limon peel essential oil can cause a type IV hypersensitivity reaction by examining the expression of the cytokines TNF-, IL-1, and IL-6 as well as the clinical manifestations on an animal skin. In this study, the effect of topically applying the essential oil of Citrus limon peel on the expression of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 as well as on type IV hypersensitivity reaction symptoms was examined. Methods: This study is based on the guinea-pig maximisation test method in NADFC RI Regulation Number 7 of 2014, with two groups (control group and treatment group) for each set of ten samples. Citrus limon peels essential oil was administered to the treatment group, whereas CMC-Na was given to the control group. Animal models were euthanized after which the tissues were prepared as specimens for immunohistochemical staining. The expression of cytokines was computed and examined using a light microscope. Results: There were no clinical signs of type IV hypersensitivity in either group, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 in the treatment group was found higher than in the control group. Conclusion: After topical administration of Citrus limon peels essential oil, there was an increase in the expression of TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 without any clinical symptoms of type IV hypersensitivity.

Keywords


Citrus limon, Essential Oil, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1, Type IV Hypersensitivity

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/ijmds%2F2023%2F219982