The International Journal of Literary Humanities

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Bixie: The Emblem of Nanjing


Affiliations
1 Shu-Te University, Taiwan, Province of China
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


During the Chinese Imperial period, Bixie was endowed with various mysterious powers said to be able to repel demons, condemn crimes, or even carry the dead to the heavenly wonderland, and was frequently rendered in imperial temples, public infrastructure, and mortuary art. In the Chinese myths and legends, this untamed animal even challenged the imperial dragon's authority, confronted the tiger's credibility, and defied the mandate of heaven. This article aims to examine how this unruly beast was edified, trained and turned into a cultural symbol, and eventually became the emblem of Nanjing.

Keywords

Nanjing, Lion, Image, Culture, History.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Cohen, Alvin P. 1978. "Coercing the Rain Deities in Ancient China". History of Religions. 17, No.3/4.

  • Collier, V. W. F. 1921. Dogs of China & Japan in Nature and Art. London: William Heinemann.

  • Fan, Ye. 1971. Houhan shu (The Book of Later Han). Hong Kong: Zhonghua shuju.

  • Feng, Yan. 2001. Fengshi wenjian ji (Miscellaneous Notes of Feng Yan). Beijing: Xueyuan chuban she.

  • Laufer, Berthold. 1946. Jade: A Study in Chinese Archaeology and Religion. Pasadena: P. D. & Ione Perkins.

  • Levi-Strauss, Claude. 1988. The Way of the Masks. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

  • Li, Fang. ed., 1960. Taiping yulan (Imperial Digest of the Taiping Reign Period). Beijing: Zhonghua shuju.

  • Li, Ling. 2004. Rushan yu chusai (Entering the Mountains and Crossing the Borders). Beijing:Wenwu chuban she.

  • Liang, Baiquan. 1998. Nanjing di liuchao shike (Stone Sculptures of the Six Dynasties in Nanjing).Nanjing: Nanjing chuban she.

  • Luo, Zongzhen. and Wong Zhigao. 2004. Liuchao wenwu (The Cultural Relics of the Six

  • Dynasties). Nanjing: Nanjing chuban she.

  • Musgrove, C. D. 2001. "Building a Dream: constructing a National Capital in Nanjing, 1927-

  • ", in Remaking the Chinese City: Modernity and National Identity, 1900-1950. ed.

  • Joseph Esherick. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

  • Nanjing shi difang zhi bianzuan weiyuan hui. 1997. Nanjing wenwu zhi (Records of the NanjingCultural Relics). Beijing: Fangzhi chuban she.

  • Paludan, Ann. 1991. The Chinese Spirit Road: The Classical Tradition of Stone Tomb Statuary.

  • New Haven: Yale University Press.

  • Salmony, Alfred. 1954. “Antler and Tongue: An Essay on Ancient Chinese Symbolism and Its

  • Implications”. Artibus Asiae 13.

  • Segalen,Victor. 1978. The Great Statuary of China. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

  • Shen, Daoqi. and Yao Shimou. 1985. “Nanjing: Evolution and Development” in Chinese Cities:

  • the Growth of the Metropolis since 1949. Oxford : Oxford University Press.

  • Sickman, Laurence and Alexander Soper. 1971. The Pelican History of Art: The Art and

  • Architecture of China. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.

  • Tuan, Yi-Fu. 1984. Dominance and Affection: The Making of Pets. New Haven: Yale University

  • Press.

  • Xiandai kuaibao (Modern Bulletin), 17 November, 2008

  • Xiao, Bing. 2003. Bixie qutan (Random Talks on the Exorcist of Evil). Shanghai: Shanghai guji

  • chuban she.

  • Yang, Kuan. 1985. Zhongguo gudai lingqin zhidu shi yanjiu (Ancient Chinese Mausoleums).

  • Shanghai: Shanghai guji chuban she.

  • Zhu, Xie. "Liuchao lingmu diaocha baogao" (An Investigation of the Tombs of the Six Dynasties),

  • in Liuchao lingmu diaocha baogao (An Investigative Report on the Tombs of the Six

  • Dynasties), ed. Zhu Xizu and Teng Gu. Shanghai: Shanghai shudian.

  • Zhu, Xizu. 1992. "Tianlu bixie kao" (Comprehensive Studies of Tianlu and Bixie), in Liuchao

  • lingmu diaocha baogao (An Investigative Report on the Tombs of the Six Dynasties), ed.

  • Zhu Xizu and Teng Gu. Shanghai: Shanghai shudian.


Abstract Views: 435

PDF Views: 0




  • Bixie: The Emblem of Nanjing

Abstract Views: 435  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Min-Chia Young
Shu-Te University, Taiwan, Province of China

Abstract


During the Chinese Imperial period, Bixie was endowed with various mysterious powers said to be able to repel demons, condemn crimes, or even carry the dead to the heavenly wonderland, and was frequently rendered in imperial temples, public infrastructure, and mortuary art. In the Chinese myths and legends, this untamed animal even challenged the imperial dragon's authority, confronted the tiger's credibility, and defied the mandate of heaven. This article aims to examine how this unruly beast was edified, trained and turned into a cultural symbol, and eventually became the emblem of Nanjing.

Keywords


Nanjing, Lion, Image, Culture, History.

References