International Journal of Innovative Research and Development

Madhulika Mistry , Yogesh Goswami , Mehta Krunal , Krupali Gadhvi

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis is a major cause of effusion & meningitis. Diagnosis by conventional methods has either less sensitivity or time consuming. Detection of ADA enzyme activity has been proposed to be a useful surrogate marker for diagnosis of tuberculous effusion & TB meningitis.
Objective
To Assess the value of ADA activity in aspirated pleural, peritoneal and cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of TB infection.
Methods
Total 150 fluid; 70 pleural, 16 peritoneal and 64 cerebrospinal fluid were evaluated for FDA activity along with routine biochemical, bacteriological and cytological examination. Findings are correlated with clinical and radiological, evidences. Results
Among confirmed 51 TB pleural effusion: ADA activity found positive >60 U/L) in 46 (90.2%) borderline (between 40 to 60 U/L) in 4. only 1 (1.96% was negative (<40 U/L). Among 2 TB peritoneal effusions: ADA activity found positive in both (100%). Among confirmed 21 TB meningitis cases: ADA activity found positive (> 10U/L) in 20(95.2%) and only 1(4.8%) was negative < 10 U/L).
Conclusion
Diagnosis of tuberculous effusion by direct smear, culture, cytology and biochemical tests have either limited sensitivity or specificity while test for biochemical marker-ADA activity is simple, rapid, and economic and has significant role in early diagnosis of tuberculous effusion and TB meningitis.

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Mehta Krunal , Makwana Neha , Madhulika Mistry , Yogesh Goswami

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common gram-negative microorganisms identified in the clinical specimens of hospital admitted patients. This was a retrospective study done among the patients attending P.D.V. Medical College Hospital, Rajkot during August 2011 to January 2012. A total 1500 samples were tested out of which 103 strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated. Some of the isolates were from males 54 (52.42%) while 49 (47.57%) from females. Majority of the patients 26 (25.3%) were aged between 20-29 years and least 3 (2.9%) were between 50-59 years. A significant proportion 50 (48.5%) of the patients were from Pus specimen followed by Sputum 31 (30%) and Urine 8 (7.7%). Three of the clinical specimens including pus, Sputum and urine comprised of 89 (84%) of the total samples. The bacteria isolated were identified by colony morphology, microscopy and relevant biochemical tests. Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern was tested using standard guidelines. Antobiotic susceptibility pattern shows that P. aeruginosa is highly sensitive to Meropenem (87.6%), Cefepime (78.6%), Piperacillin (77.6%), Amikacin (74.71%), Ciprcfloxacin (54.63%), Tobramycin (50.8%), Gentamicin (50%). The result of the study shows that Meropenem is the most effective drug against P. aeruginosa, followed by cefepime, Piperacillin and Amikacin.

Keywords

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Antimicrobial Resistance

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