Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Material and Energy Balance Calculations for Commercial Production of Whole Neem Fruit Powder Using Particle-Size Distribution and Energy Models


Affiliations
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440 010, India
2 Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085
 

Neem-based pesticides are well known to reduce agriculture pollution. It was earlier found that free flowing fine powder of whole dry neem fruits (called PNF-powder neem formulation) of size range 300 μm to 390 μm, i.e. (−44 + 60 mesh) was the optimumsize range. Azadirachtin which is a key ingredient of neem is quite stable in PNF. This article delineates material and energy balance to produce 1 tonne of PNF on a commercial level by using hammer mill. The particle size distribution models and classical energy consumption models were used to fit the experimental data generated by changing the hammer millscreen.

Keywords

Co-Grinding, Energy, Hammer Mill, Particle-Size Distribution, Whole Neem Fruit.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Subbalakshmi, L., Muthukrishnan, P. and Jeyaraman, S., Neem product and their agricultural applications. J. Biopestic., 2012, 5, 72–76.

  • Verkerk, R. H. J. and Write, D. J., Biological activity of neem seed kernel extract and synthetic azadirachtin against larvae of Plutellaxylostellia L. Pestic. Sci., 1993, 37, 83–91.

  • Benjawan, C. P., Chutichudet, S. and Kasewsit. Effect of dolomite application on plant growth. Int. J. Agric. Res., 2010, 5(9), 690–707.

  • Chen, G. C., He, Z. L., Stoffella, P. J., Yang, X. E., Yu, S. and Calvert, D., Use of Dolomite Phosphate Rock (DPR) fertilizers to reduce phosphorus leaching from sandy soil. Environ. Pollut., 2006, 139, 176–182.

  • Krishna Murthy, T. P. and Balaraman, M., Grinding studies of mango Ginger: mathematical modeling of particle size distribution and energy consumption. Food Sci. Technol., 2013, 4, 70–76.

  • Shashidhar, M. G., Krishna Murthy, T. P., Ghiwari, K. and Monohar. B., Grinding of coriander seeds: modeling of particle size distribution and energy studies. Int. J. Partic. Sci. Technol., 2013, 31(5), 449–457.

  • Macias-Garcia, A., Eduardo, M., Cuerda-Correa and Diaz-Diez, M. A., Application of the Rosin–Rammler and Gates–Gaudin–Schuhmann models to the particle size distribution analysis of agglomerated cork. Mater. Character., 2004, 52, 159–164.

  • Mohd Rozalli, N. H., Chin, N. L. and Yusol, Y. A., Grinding characteristics of Asian originated peanuts and specific energy consumption during ultra-high speed grinding for natural peanuts butter production. J. Feed Eng., 2015, 152, 1–7.

  • Miao, Z., Grift, T. E., Hansen, A. C. and Ting, K. C., Energy requirement for comminution of biomass in relation to particle physical properties. Ind. Crops Prod., 2011, 33, 504–513.

  • Sonali, T., Praful, D., Sayaji, M. and Sachin, M., Characterization and testing of fine powder formulation of whole neem fruits. Curr. Sci. (in press).

  • Rosin, P. and Rammler, E., Law governing the fineness of powder coal. J. Inst. Fuel, 1993, 7, 29–36.

  • Harris, C. C., The application of size distribution equation to multievent comminution process. Transac. Sem/AIME, 1986, 241, 343–358.

  • Folk, R. L. and Ward, W. C., Brazos River Bar. A study on significance of grain size parameters. J. Sediment. Petrol., 1957, 27, 3–26.

  • Schumann, R., Size distribution and surface calculations, Technical publication no. 1187, Merican Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, New York.

  • Scholten, R. L. and McEllhiney, R. R., The effect of pre breaking in hammer mill particle size reduction, American Society of Agricultural Engineers, St Joseph, MI, 1985, 85–3542.

  • Ghorbani, Z., Masoumi, A. A. and Hemmat, A., Specific energy consumption for reducing the size of alpha chops using a hammer mill. Biosyst. Eng., 2010, 105, 34–40.

  • Hiremath, R. S. and Kulkarni, A. P., Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, Everest Publishing House, 2011.

  • Canadian Fertilizer Institute, The CFI Guide of Material Selection for the Production of Quality Blends, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, CFL, 2001.

  • Craig, R. F., Craig’s Soil Mechanics, Spon Press, London, 2004.

  • Hinds, W. C., Properties, Behaviors and Measurement of Airborne Particles, Aerosol Technology, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1992.

  • Allais, I., Edoura-Gaena, R., Gros, J. and Trystram, G., Influence of egg type, pressure and mode of incorporation on density and bubble distribution of a lady finger batter. J. Feed Eng., 2006, 74, 198–210.


Abstract Views: 240

PDF Views: 75




  • Material and Energy Balance Calculations for Commercial Production of Whole Neem Fruit Powder Using Particle-Size Distribution and Energy Models

Abstract Views: 240  |  PDF Views: 75

Authors

Sonali Tajane
Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440 010, India
Praful Dadhe
Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440 010, India
Krishna Kanth Chole
Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440 010, India
Sachin Mandavgane
Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440 010, India
Sayaji Sayaji Mehetre
Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085

Abstract


Neem-based pesticides are well known to reduce agriculture pollution. It was earlier found that free flowing fine powder of whole dry neem fruits (called PNF-powder neem formulation) of size range 300 μm to 390 μm, i.e. (−44 + 60 mesh) was the optimumsize range. Azadirachtin which is a key ingredient of neem is quite stable in PNF. This article delineates material and energy balance to produce 1 tonne of PNF on a commercial level by using hammer mill. The particle size distribution models and classical energy consumption models were used to fit the experimental data generated by changing the hammer millscreen.

Keywords


Co-Grinding, Energy, Hammer Mill, Particle-Size Distribution, Whole Neem Fruit.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv113%2Fi05%2F911-918