Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Phytochemical and Antioxidant studies on Stem Bark of Aubrevillea kerstingii


Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria – Kaduna, Nigeria
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Antioxidants are believed to play a role in preventing the development of some chronic diseases. Medicinal plants with antioxidant activity have continuously been utilized both in traditional and contemporary medicine for management of free radical related diseases. There is need to search for medicinal plants with antioxidant potentials and to isolate compounds responsible for the activity. The aim of this research was to carry out the phytochemical and antioxidant studies on stem bark extract of Aubrevillea kerstingii. The powdered stem bark of Aubrevillea kerstingii (1.5kg) was extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol using sequential maceration. Qualitative screening for antioxidant activity was carried out using thin layer chromatographic TLC autographic screening on pre-coated silica plate. The determination of 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of the 3 stem bark extracts was carried out according to a standard method. The ethyl acetate extract (5g) was pre-adsorbed on silica gel and loaded into a column pre-packed with 100g silica gel (60-120 Merck). The extract was eluted with n-hexane: ethyl acetate in a gradient elution starting from n-hexane (100%) to ethyl acetate methanol (90:10). The DPPH scavenging activity of the extracts revealed a concentration dependent increase in free radical scavenging activity. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed IC50 values of 98.58μg/ml, 36.79μg/ml and 49.27μg/ml respectively compared with ascorbic acid which had IC50 of 17.89μg/ml. The isolated compound was identified as oleanolic acid using NMR. The 1H-NMR and13C-NMR spectra obtained in CDCl3 with NMR spectrometer showed chemical shifts characteristic of oleanolic acid. The methanol extract and ethyl acetate extracts showed significant antioxidant activity. Oleanolic acid isolated from the ethyl acetate extract may be responsible for the antioxidant activity.

Keywords

Aubrevillea kerstingii, Antioxidant, Oleanolic Acid, Phytochemical.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Ghasemzadeh A, Omidvar V, Jaafar HZ. Polyphenolic content and their antioxidant activity in leaf extract of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 2012; 6(15):2971-6. http://doi=10.1.1.880.1441/

  • Derouiche Samir, AzziManel, HamidaAbir. Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Property of Rhizome extracts aqueous of Phragmitesaustralis in Alloxan Diabetic Rats. Asian J. Pharm. Tech. 2019; 9(4):249-252.doi: 10.5958/2231-5713.2019.00041.2

  • Engwa GA. Free radicals and the role of plant phytochemicals as antioxidants against oxidative stress-related diseases. Phytochemicals: Source of Antioxidants and Role in Disease Prevention. BoD–Books on Demand 2018; 7:49-74. http/dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.76719

  • Uyoh, E. A., Chukwurah, P. N., David, I. A., and Bassey, A. C. Evaluation of antioxidant capacity of two Ocimum species consumed locally as spices in Nigeria as a justification for increased domestication. American Journal of Plant Sciences2013; 4(02), 222. https://doi/%2010.4236/ajps.2013.42029

  • Ikpeme EV, Udensi OU, Ekerette EE, Chukwurah PN. Optimization of plant factory for sourcing natural antioxidants: A paradigm shift. International Journal of Advanced Research 2013; 1:7-15.

  • Ekaluo UB, Ikpeme EV, Udensi OU, Ekerette EE, Usen SO, UsorohSF.Comparative in vitro assessment of drumstick (Moringaoleifera) and neem (Azadiractaindica) leaf extracts for antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities. Research Journal of Medicinal Plant 2015; 9(1):24-33. https://doi/%2010.3923/rjmp.2015.24.33

  • Ahmed H. AL-Azawi, Warqaa Y. Salih, Zainab H. Hassan. Phytochemical and Antioxidant Activity of (Arachis hypogaea L.) Skin Extract ScultivAtedin Iraq. Research J. Pharm. and Tech 2017; 10(11): 3721-3726.Doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2017.00675.8

  • ParthaGhosh, ChowdhuryHabiburRahaman. Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical studies of Azanza lampas (Cav.) Alef.: An Ethnomedicinally important root drug of Malvaceae. Res. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2018; 10(4): 259-271.doi: 10.5958/0975-4385.2018.00042.0

  • Burkill HM. The useful plants of West Tropical Africa 1985; Vol 1. Families AD. Royal Botanic Gardens 1, 252-253.

  • Jamal Basha D, Srinivas Murthy BR, Prakash P, Anuradha KC. Preliminary Phytochemical Investigation and In Vitro Anti Bacterial Studies of Polycarpaeaaurea Wight and Arn (Caryophyllaceae) Emulgel. Asian J. Pharm. Res. 2018; 8(3): 151-157.doi: 10.5958/2231-5691.2018.00027.8

  • Mokgotho MP, Gololo SS, Masoko P, Mdee LK, Mbazima V, Shai LJ, Bagla VP, Eloff JN, Mampuru L. Isolation and chemical structural characterisation of a Compound with antioxidant activity from the roots of Sennaitalica. Evididence Based Complement and Alternate Medicine 2013;https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/519174

  • Samydurai P, M. Saradha. Effects of Various Solvent on the Extraction of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Phenolics from the Stem Bark of Decalepishamiltonii Wight and Arn. Asian J. Res. Pharm. Sci. 2016; 6(2): 129-134.doi: 10.5958/2231-5659.2016.00018.7

  • Martins D, Carrion LL, Ramos DF, Salomé KS, da Silva PE, Barison A, Nunez CV. Triterpenes and the antimycobacterial activity of Duroiaacrophylla Huber (Rubiaceae). BioMed research international 2013;https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/605831

  • Aluko BT. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Solanumerianthum. Science World Journal 2017; 12(1):5-8.

  • Yaseen M, Ahmad M, Wani TA, Ahmad M, Gani BA, Qureshi R . Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of extracts of the leaf and stem of Achilleamillefolium. International Journal of Science and Research 2017; 2(6):55-9.

  • Naveen Kumar, J.S. Jangwan. Constituents of Terminalliabellirica (Stem Bark). Asian J. Research Chem. 5(1): January 2012; Page 18-21.

  • Vyas N, Argal A. Isolation and characterization of oleanolic acid from roots of Lantanacamara. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 2014; 7:189-91.

  • Senthilkumar P K, M. Kandhavelu, D. Reetha. Antioxidant Properties of the Oleanolic Acid Isolated from Cassia auriculata (Linn). Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Clinical Practice2014; 4(1):30-36.

  • Ashok Kumar Gupta, ShivalingeGowda KP, Umashankar RN, Nandeesh R, Sreedhar S. In-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Aqueous Extract of Physalis minima Linn. Research J. Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics. 2010; 2(5): 332-334.

  • ArshiyaZulfeenMohdFahim, Mohammed ShakirGhouse, Syed Qumarul Islam, Mohammed Abdul Mughni Danish, ShaikhMehmood, ShaikhSaniya, QuraishiInshrah Fatima. Isolation and Identification of Boswellic Acids by Modern Analytical Techniques. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2021; 11(2):98-2.doi: 10.52711/2231-5675.2021.00018

  • Moses A. Ollengo, John M. Vulule, Josephat C. Matasyoh. Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Larvicidal Activity of LaggeraalataExtracts. Res. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2016; 8(3): 153-164.doi: 10.5958/0975-4385.2018.00020.1

  • Nikhat F, D.Satynarayana, Subhramanyam EVS. Isolation, Charectrisation and Screening of Antioxidant Activity of the Roots of Syzygiumcuminii (L) Skeel. Asian J. Research Chem. 2(2): April-June, 2009 page 218-221.


Abstract Views: 75

PDF Views: 0




  • Phytochemical and Antioxidant studies on Stem Bark of Aubrevillea kerstingii

Abstract Views: 75  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Aliyu Hamidu Ahmed
Department of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Kabir Yusuf Musa
Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria – Kaduna, Nigeria
Abubakar Ahmed
Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria – Kaduna, Nigeria
Aisha Faeeza Mahmud
Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria – Kaduna, Nigeria

Abstract


Antioxidants are believed to play a role in preventing the development of some chronic diseases. Medicinal plants with antioxidant activity have continuously been utilized both in traditional and contemporary medicine for management of free radical related diseases. There is need to search for medicinal plants with antioxidant potentials and to isolate compounds responsible for the activity. The aim of this research was to carry out the phytochemical and antioxidant studies on stem bark extract of Aubrevillea kerstingii. The powdered stem bark of Aubrevillea kerstingii (1.5kg) was extracted with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol using sequential maceration. Qualitative screening for antioxidant activity was carried out using thin layer chromatographic TLC autographic screening on pre-coated silica plate. The determination of 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of the 3 stem bark extracts was carried out according to a standard method. The ethyl acetate extract (5g) was pre-adsorbed on silica gel and loaded into a column pre-packed with 100g silica gel (60-120 Merck). The extract was eluted with n-hexane: ethyl acetate in a gradient elution starting from n-hexane (100%) to ethyl acetate methanol (90:10). The DPPH scavenging activity of the extracts revealed a concentration dependent increase in free radical scavenging activity. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts showed IC50 values of 98.58μg/ml, 36.79μg/ml and 49.27μg/ml respectively compared with ascorbic acid which had IC50 of 17.89μg/ml. The isolated compound was identified as oleanolic acid using NMR. The 1H-NMR and13C-NMR spectra obtained in CDCl3 with NMR spectrometer showed chemical shifts characteristic of oleanolic acid. The methanol extract and ethyl acetate extracts showed significant antioxidant activity. Oleanolic acid isolated from the ethyl acetate extract may be responsible for the antioxidant activity.

Keywords


Aubrevillea kerstingii, Antioxidant, Oleanolic Acid, Phytochemical.

References