Gene Expression during Osteo/Odontogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Platelet Rich Plasma and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) has the potential to regenerate pulp in immature pulpless teeth. Mineral trioxide is commonly used to seal the PRP into the pulp canal space. We investigated the effect of PRP and MTA individually and combined on osteo/odontogenic differentiation potential and the phenotype of tissue formed. MSCs were cultured in vitro with MTA, 5% PRP, 10% PRP, MTA with 5% PRP and MTA with 10% PRP. Osteo/odontogenic differentiation was assessed and quantified with alizarin red staining. Relative expression of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity, type 1 collagen (COL1A1), Dental Sialo-Phospho Protein (DSPP), Dentin Matrix Protein (DMP-1), Bone Gamma-carboxyglutamate Protein (BGLAP), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix (Osx) and TGF-β1 was identified by RT-q PCR. 10% PRP with MTA displayed significantly higher calcium deposition during differentiation and high ALP levels. Significantly enhanced levels of DSPP, DMP1, COL1A1, BGLAP, Runx2, and Osx and TGF-β1 transcripts were observed. Within limitations of the in vitro environment, results imply enhanced osteodentin formation, on combining PRP with MTA.