Journal of Natural Remedies

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Antioxidant Properties of Red Betel (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extract and Its Compounds


Affiliations
1 Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No. 1 simp. Ayahanda, Medan –20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
2 Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Jl. Babakan Jeruk II no.9 Bandung – 40163, West Java, Indonesia
 

Background: Piper crocatum, also known as red betel, is a potential herbal medicine. Aims: Current study was planned to determine the antioxidant activities of red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) leaves extract (RBLE) as compared to eugenol and hydroxychavicol compounds. Methods: DPPH radical scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, ABTS reduction, and FRAP reduction assay were carried out. Results: In DPPH scavenging, RBLE showed an IC50 value of 3.98 μg/mL, eugenol of 2.98 μg/mL, and hydroxychavicol of 18.00 μg/mL. Meanwhile, H2O2 scavenging activity showed an IC50 value of RBLE, eugenol, and hydroxychavicol as 186.33 μg/mL, 97.36 μg/mL, and 41.06 μg/mL respectively. ABTS reduction assay showed an IC50 value of 38.43 μg/mL, 181 μg/mL, and 3.10 μg/mL for RBLE, eugenol, and hydroxychavicol respectively. The highest FRAP reduction activity was shown by Eugenol with a concentration of 50 μg/mL which was equal to 424.67 μM Fe (II)/μg. Conclusion: The RBLE and its compounds (eugenol and hydroxychavicol) have antioxidant activity as indicated by the results of the DPPH scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, ABTS reduction, and FRAP reduction assays. However, RBLE had the lowest antioxidant activity compared to other compounds.

Keywords

Eugenol, Free Radicals, Hydroxychavicol, Piper crocatum.
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  • Antioxidant Properties of Red Betel (Piper crocatum) Leaf Extract and Its Compounds

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Authors

I. Nyoman Ehrich Lister
Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No. 1 simp. Ayahanda, Medan –20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Chrismis Novalinda Ginting
Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No. 1 simp. Ayahanda, Medan –20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Ermi Girsang
Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No. 1 simp. Ayahanda, Medan –20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Adek Armansyah
Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No. 1 simp. Ayahanda, Medan –20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Hans Hotma Marpaung
Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No. 1 simp. Ayahanda, Medan –20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Ade Putra Fratama Sinaga
Universitas Prima Indonesia, Jl. Belanga No. 1 simp. Ayahanda, Medan –20118, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Rr. Anisa Siwianti Handayani
Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Jl. Babakan Jeruk II no.9 Bandung – 40163, West Java, Indonesia
Rizal Rizal
Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, Jl. Babakan Jeruk II no.9 Bandung – 40163, West Java, Indonesia

Abstract


Background: Piper crocatum, also known as red betel, is a potential herbal medicine. Aims: Current study was planned to determine the antioxidant activities of red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz and Pav.) leaves extract (RBLE) as compared to eugenol and hydroxychavicol compounds. Methods: DPPH radical scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, ABTS reduction, and FRAP reduction assay were carried out. Results: In DPPH scavenging, RBLE showed an IC50 value of 3.98 μg/mL, eugenol of 2.98 μg/mL, and hydroxychavicol of 18.00 μg/mL. Meanwhile, H2O2 scavenging activity showed an IC50 value of RBLE, eugenol, and hydroxychavicol as 186.33 μg/mL, 97.36 μg/mL, and 41.06 μg/mL respectively. ABTS reduction assay showed an IC50 value of 38.43 μg/mL, 181 μg/mL, and 3.10 μg/mL for RBLE, eugenol, and hydroxychavicol respectively. The highest FRAP reduction activity was shown by Eugenol with a concentration of 50 μg/mL which was equal to 424.67 μM Fe (II)/μg. Conclusion: The RBLE and its compounds (eugenol and hydroxychavicol) have antioxidant activity as indicated by the results of the DPPH scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, ABTS reduction, and FRAP reduction assays. However, RBLE had the lowest antioxidant activity compared to other compounds.

Keywords


Eugenol, Free Radicals, Hydroxychavicol, Piper crocatum.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/jnr%2F2019%2F23633