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Al-Harbi, Mohammad S.
- Protective Effect of Resveratrol against Spleen Toxicity of Nicotine in Male Rat: Antioxidant and Histopathological Approaches
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1 Taif University, Biology Department, Taif 888, SA
2 Zagazig University, Zoology Department, Zagazig, EG
1 Taif University, Biology Department, Taif 888, SA
2 Zagazig University, Zoology Department, Zagazig, EG
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 23, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 79-88Abstract
Nicotine is a tertiary amine, nicotine can freely cross the biological membranes of body organs. During smoking, nicotine is rapidly absorbed into the circulatory system, and blood concentration of nicotine rise quickly during and peak at the completion of cigarette smoking. Resveratrol is a compound is a member of a group of plant compounds called polyphenol which possess a free radical scavenger that increases the activity of several antioxidant enzymes. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of Resveratrol (Res) in rat with Nicotine (Nic) induced spleen toxicity, by evaluating the biochemical and histopathological changes. The experiment was carried out on four groups of male rats as follows; group 1 served as a control group, group 2 was treated with Nic (2.5 mg kg-1) in physiological saline, group 3 was received Res (20 mg Kg-1), group 4 was treated with combination of Nic (2.5 mg Kg-1) and Res (20 mg Kg-1). The results indicated that Nic increased lipid peroxidation, Myloperoxidase, xanthine oxidase, nitrite level, TOS level and decrease the antioxidant enzymes as well as decrease the thiol and G6PD levels . A serious congestion and stasis, correlated with congested red pulp and numerous secondary lymphoid follicles were observed. All the lymphatic nodules appeared smaller with multiple variable sized reactive germinal centers with peripherally located central arteriole in the animals treated with Nic. Nic/Res treatments improve all the oxidative damage and the histopathological changes. In the light of the present results, it is evident that Res was able to reduce the toxic effect of Nic in rat. Conclusion: Resveratrol had found to effect on antioxidant parameters of the spleen tissue. The present study indicates that a decrease in the antioxidant status is one of the main factors contributing to Nicotine toxicity to the spleen. Res treatment found to remove the continuously generated free radicals, to prevent the endogenous antioxidant enzymes decrease and act to prevent oxidative cell damage induced by Nic.Keywords
Nicotine, Resveratrol, Spleen, Oxidative Stress, Histopathology.
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- Protective Effect of Lycopene on Aspartame Induced Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Changes in Liver of Male Rats
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Authors
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1 Biology Department, Taif University, Taif 888, SA
1 Biology Department, Taif University, Taif 888, SA
Source
Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology), Vol 24, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 190-197Abstract
Aspartame (ASP) is used with the people that suffering from obesity and diabetes mellitus. The study aimed to evaluate the biochemical responses as well as histopathological changes of ASP alone or with Lycopene (LY) in liver of rats. Rats were divided into six groups according to the treatment into control low dose of ASP (LD; 75 mg/Kg), high dose of ASP (HD; 150 mg/Kg), Lycopene (LY; 20 mg/Kg), ASP-LD plus LY and ASP-HD plus LY. All the Animals were treated orally for 30 successive days. ASP increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) activities and changed the levels of lipid profile as well as creatinine and uric acid levels. It marked decreased antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD and increased the levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA), C-reactive protein and interleukins. LY prevented the ASP-induced liver injury as indicated by improving all the parameters previously illustrated. LY prevented the ASP-induced liver and kidney injury as indicated by improving all the parameters previously illustrated. Histopathological results confirm the biochemical finding and the ameliorating effect of LY on liver toxicities. In conclusion, co-treatment of LY possessed different protective mechanisms against ASP-induced liver toxicity. So, the intake of ASP should be restricted and taken with LY when it is used in food or beverages to decrease its toxicity.Keywords
Antioxidant, Aspartame, Hepatic, Histological, Lycopene, Oxidative.References
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