Toxicology International (Formerly Indian Journal of Toxicology)

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Chromium Poisoning with Analytical Aspects and Management


Affiliations
1 ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, India
2 All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
3 Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
     

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Chromium is a hard grey metal. It is unstable in the presence of oxygen and produces a layer of oxide which makes it resistant to corrosion. It is a natural element, and also formed during human activities. Chromium is an essential trace element for men and works as cofactor for insulin. It takes part in metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein. In industry, it is widely used in chrome plating due to its corrosion resistance property. Source of toxic exposure of chromium is occupational as well as non-occupational. Pathway of exposure is mainly through skin, inhalation, ingestion and drinking water. It produces various reactive intermediates and free radicals in the body which cause the toxicity. Its toxic effects involve all the body systems as well as local exposed region. Chromium also has genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Management of the toxicity is mainly symptomatic. Various studies have been performed on animals to find out role of ascorbic acid, N-acetyl cysteine and other new compounds in the management of chromium toxicity.

Keywords

Chrome Plating, Corrosion Resistance, Essential Trace Element, Genotoxicity, Chrome Ulcer, Carcinogenicity.
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  • Chromium Poisoning with Analytical Aspects and Management

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Authors

Asit K. Sikary
ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, India
Ashok Jaiswal
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
Priyanka Singh
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
Rajesh Kumar
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India

Abstract


Chromium is a hard grey metal. It is unstable in the presence of oxygen and produces a layer of oxide which makes it resistant to corrosion. It is a natural element, and also formed during human activities. Chromium is an essential trace element for men and works as cofactor for insulin. It takes part in metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein. In industry, it is widely used in chrome plating due to its corrosion resistance property. Source of toxic exposure of chromium is occupational as well as non-occupational. Pathway of exposure is mainly through skin, inhalation, ingestion and drinking water. It produces various reactive intermediates and free radicals in the body which cause the toxicity. Its toxic effects involve all the body systems as well as local exposed region. Chromium also has genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Management of the toxicity is mainly symptomatic. Various studies have been performed on animals to find out role of ascorbic acid, N-acetyl cysteine and other new compounds in the management of chromium toxicity.

Keywords


Chrome Plating, Corrosion Resistance, Essential Trace Element, Genotoxicity, Chrome Ulcer, Carcinogenicity.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22506/ti%2F2017%2Fv24%2Fi1%2F149025