Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Year
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
R. Bajes, Hana
- Investigating the Anti-viral and Anti-bacterial Activities of Jordanian Medicinal Plants: A Narrative Review
Abstract Views :194 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Science, Atlantic Cape Community College, Mays Landing, NJ 08330,, US
2 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman,, JO
3 Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh,, GB
1 Department of Science, Atlantic Cape Community College, Mays Landing, NJ 08330,, US
2 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman,, JO
3 Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh,, GB
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 15, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 127-136Abstract
The diversity in Jordan’s flora due to its geographical areas make is well noted in the scientific literature. The challenge of disease and death caused by infectious diseases like viruses and bacteria, and as infectious diseases evolve and pathogens develop resistance to existing pharmaceuticals, the search for new novel leads, possibly with different modes of action, against bacterial and viral diseases has intensified in recent years. The intent of this review is to provide prevalent information on the antibacterial and antiviral potential in medicinal plants in Jordan, mode of action, type of viruses and bacteria, and phytochemical contents. It has been demonstrated by several studies presented in this review that medicinal plants in Jordan are rich in phytochemicals and possess antiviral and antibacterial properties.Keywords
Antibacterial, Antiviral, Medicinal plants, Phytochemicals, Microorganisms, Extracts.
References
- Al- Eiswai, Flora of Jordan Checklist, Revised (first ed.), The University of Jordan Press, Amman-Jordan (2013).
- Oran, S. Selected Wild Aromatic Plants in Jordan, International Journal of Medicinal Plants. Photon 108, 2015; 686-699.
- Oran S., Al-Eisawi, D. Check list of medicinal plants in Jordan. Dirasat. Biological and Medical Sciences. 1998; 25:84–111.
- Bajes HR., Almasri I., and Bustanji Y. Plant Products and Their Inhibitory Activity Against Pancreatic Lipase. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2020; 30:321–330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-020-00055-z.
- Kramer, L. Overview of Viral Infections. Available at: https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/infections/overview-of-viral-infections/overview-of- viral-infections). Accessed ( 20.11. 2020)
- Vijayan P., Raghu C., Ashok G., Dhanaraj SA., Suresh B. Antiviral activity of medicinal plants of Nilgiris. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2004; 120(1):24-9. PMID: 15299228.
- Sharma, N. Efficacy of Garlic and Onion against virus. International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019; 10(4):3578- 3586
- Wu W., Li R, Li X., He J., Jiang S., Liu S., Yang J. Quercetin as an Antiviral Agent Inhibits Influenza A Virus (IAV) Entry. MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute). 2016; 8(1): 1-6.
- Abu-Darwish M S., Cabral C., Gonçalves M J., Cavaleiro C., Cruz M T., Efferth T., and Salgueiro L. Artemisia herba-alba essential oil from Buseirah (South Jordan): Chemical characterization and assessment of safe antifungal and anti-inflammatory doses. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2015; 174, 153–160. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.005.
- Li FR., Zhang AS., Duan SS. and Kang LF. Patterns of reproductive allocation in Artemisia halodendron inhabiting two contrasting habitats. Acta Oecologica, 2005; 28(1), pp.57-64.
- Coronavirus. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus. (Accessed 1.11.2020).
- Yuen K., Ye Z.-., Fung S., Kit-San Yuen Zi -Wei Ye, Sin-Yee Fung, Chi-Ping Chan and Dong-Yan Jin. SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The most important research questions. Cell and Bioscience. 2020; 10, 40, 1-5.
- Li S., Chen C., Zhang h., Guo H., Wang H., Wang L., Zhang X., Hua S., Yu J., Xiao P., Li R., Tan X. Identification of natural compounds with antiviral activities against SARS-associated coronavirus, Antiviral Research. 2005; 67(1), 18-23.
- Khan Z., Ghafoor D., Khan A., Ualiyeva D., Khan S.A., Bilal H., Khan B., Khan A. and Sajjad, W. Diagnostic approaches and potential therapeutic options for coronavirus disease (COVID-19). New microbes and new infections. 2020; p.100770.
- Kung S. H., Lund S., Murarka A., McPhee D., and Paddon C. J. Approaches and Recent Developments for the Commercial Production of Semi-synthetic Artemisinin. Frontiers in plant science. 2018; 9, 87. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00087.
- Asdadi A., Hamdouch, A., Gharby S., and Hassani LMI. Chemical characterization of essential oil of Artemisia herba-alba Asso. and his possible potential against covid-19. Journal of Analytical Sciences and Applied Biotechnology. 2020; 2(2), pp.2-2.
- Kherissat F., Al-Esawi D., Checklist of Wadi Hassan flora, Northeastern Badia, Jordan, Plant Diversity. 2019; Volume 41, Issue 3, Pages 166-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pld.2019.05.001.
- De Tommasi N., Conti C., Stein ML., and Pizza, C. Structure and in vitro antiviral activity of triterpenoid saponins from Calendula arvensis. Planta medica, 1999; 57(03), pp.250-253.
- Abad MJ., Guerra JA., Bermejo P., Irurzun A., Carrasco L. Search for antiviral activity in higher plant extracts. Phytotherapy Research. 2000; 14(8):604-7. doi: 10.1002/1099-1573(200012)14:8<604::aid-ptr678>3.0.co; 2-l. PMID: 11113996.
- Al-Eisawi DM. Field Guide to Wild Flowers of Jordan and Neighboring Countries. The National Library. Amman, Jordan. 1998. 21. Aniszewski T. Alkaloids-Secrets of Life: Aklaloid Chemistry, Biological Significance, Applications and Ecological Role, 1st edition. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Oxford. 2007.
- Barakat SA., Hudaib M., and Burns DT. Composition of Volatile Oil and Methanolic Extract of Jordanian Melissa Officinals L. and Actions Against Human Cancer Cell Lines. Oriental Journal of Chemistry, 2016; 32(5), p.2355
- Allahverdiyev N., Duran M., Ozguven S., Koltas. Antiviral activity of the volatile oils of Melissa officinalis L. against Herpes simplex virus type-2, Phytomedicine, 2004; 11 ( 7–8), PP 657-661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2003.07.014
- AlRawashdeh N., AlRawashdeh I., and AlZghoul T. Amino Acids and Mineral Composition Analysis of Moringa peregrina Forssk (Fiori) in Jordan. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science. 2016; 11(5).
- Al-Hadid J.K. Evaluation of antiviral activity of different medicinal plants against Newcastle disease virus. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences. 2016; 11(4), pp.157-163.
- Moradi MT., Karimi A., Rafieian-Kopaei M. and Fotouhi F. In vitro antiviral effects of Peganum harmala seed extract and its total alkaloids against Influenza virus. Microbial Pathogenesis, 2017; 110, pp.42-49.
- Mouhajir F., Hudson JB., Rejdali M. and Towers GHN. Multiple antiviral activities of endemic medicinal plants used by Berber peoples of Morocco. Pharmaceutical biology. 2001; 39(5), pp.364-374
- Qaralleh HN., Abboud MM., Khleifat KM., Tarawneh K.A. and Althunibat OY. Antibacterial activity in vitro of Thymus capitatus from Jordan. Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 2009; 22(3).
- Toujani MM., Rittà M., Civra A., Genovese S., Epifano F., Ghram A., Donalisio M. Inhibition of HSV-2 infection by pure compounds from Thymus capitatus extract in vitro. Phytotherapy Research. 2018; 32(8), 1555–1563. doi:10.1002/ptr.6084.
- Lee-Huang S., Zhang L., Huang PL., Chang YT., Huang PL. Anti-HIV activity of olive leaf extract (OLE) and modulation of host cell gene expression by HIV-1 infection and OLE treatment. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2003; 307(4):1029-37. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)01292-0. PMID: 12878215
- Rios JL., and Recio M.C. Medicinal plants and antimicrobial activity. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2005; 100(1-2), pp.80-84.
- Lopez-Romero JC., González-Ríos H., Borges A. and Simões M. Antibacterial effects and mode of action of selected essential oils components against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2015.
- Lou Z., Wang H., Zhu S., Ma C., Wang Z. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of chlorogenic acid. Journal of Food Science. 2011; 76(6):M398-403. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02213.x.
- Amerikova M., Pencheva El-Tibi I., Maslarska V., Bozhanov S. and Tachkov K. Antimicrobial activity, mechanism of action, and methods for stabilization of defenses as new therapeutic agents. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2019; 33(1), pp.671-682.
- Oran SA., and Raies AM. Antimicrobial activity of Globularia arabica Jaub and Spach and G. alypum L. (Globulariaceae). Dirasat: Pure Sciences. 1999; 27, pp.71-73
- Zeidan R., Oran S., Khleifat K. and Matar S. Antimicrobial activity of leaf and fruit extracts of Jordanian Rubus sanguineus Friv. (Rosaceae). African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2013; 7(44), pp.5114-5118.
- Khairallh ARAT., and Salama B. Genetic variation among sumac (Rhus Coriaria L.) samples collected from three locations in Jordan as revealed by AFLP markers. Advances in Environmental Biology. 2009; 3(1), pp.107-112.
- Kacergius T., Abu Lafi S., Kirkliauskiene A., Gabe V., Adawi A., Rayan M., Qutob M., Stukas R., Utkus A., Zeidan M. and Rayan A. Inhibitory capacity of Rhus coriaria L. extract and its major component methyl gallate on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation by optical profilometry: Potential applications for oral health. Molecular medicine reports, 2007; 16(1), pp.949-956.
- Nimri LF., Meqdam MM., and Alkofahi A. Antibacterial activity of Jordanian medicinal plants. Pharmaceutical biology. 1999; 37(3), pp.196-201.
- Nasar-Abbas SM., and Halkman AK. Antimicrobial effect of water extract of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) on the growth of some food borne bacteria including pathogens. International journal of food microbiology, 2004; 97(1), pp.63-69.
- Bajes H., and Al-Dujaili E. Polyphenolic-rich Fruits and Supplements Enhance Exercise Performance; General Review. Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2017; 10 (3), 2017.
- Shaygannia E., Bahmani M., Zamanzad B., Rafieian-Kopaei M. A Review Study on Punica granatum L. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2016; 21(3):221-7. doi: 10.1177/2156587215598039.
- Abdollahzadeh SH., Mashouf R., Mortazavi H., Moghaddam M., Roozbahani N., and Vahedi M. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of punica granatum peel extracts against oral pathogens. Journal of dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 2011; 8(1), 1–6.
- Dhifaf M., Al-Obaidi A., Muhsin, A., Ibrahim. In vivo antimicrobial inhibition of Punica granatum extracts as mouthwash. Russian Open Medical Journal. 2017; 6(4).
- Oran SA., and Al-Eisawi DM. Ethnobotanical survey of the medicinal plants in the central mountains (North-South) in Jordan. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 2015; 6: 381-400.
- Alhage J. and Elbitar H. In vitro screening for antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of three Lebanese medicinal plants crude extracts. Pharmacognosy Research, 2019; 11(2), p.127.
- Biological activities of essential oils extracted from Thymus capitatus (Lamiaceae), South African Journal of Botany, Volume 128, 2020, Pages 274- 282, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.11.020.
- Akrout A., El Jani H., Amouri S., and Neffati M. Screening of antiradical and antibacterial activities of essential oils of Artemisia campestris L., Artemisia herba alba Asso, & Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. growing wild in the Southern of Tunisia. Recent Research in Science and Technology. 2010.
- Goudjil MB., Zighmi S., Hamada D., Mahcene Z., Bencheikh SE. and Ladjel S. Biological activities of essential oils extracted from Thymus capitatus (Lamiaceae). South African Journal of Botany. 2020; 128, pp.274-282.
- Bounatirou S., Smiti S., Miguel MG., Faleiro L., Rejeb MN., Neffati M., Costa MM., Figueiredo AC., Barroso JG. and Pedro LG. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the essential oils isolated from Tunisian Thymus capitatus Hoff. et Link. Food Chemistry. 2007; 105(1), pp.146-155.
- Althunibat OY., Qaralleh H., Al-Dalin SYA., Abboud M., Khleifat K., Majali IS., Aldal'in HK., Rayyan WA. and Jaafraa A. Effect of thymol and carvacrol, the major components of Thymus capitatus on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology. 2016; 10(1), pp.367-74.
- Benjemaa M., Neves M.A., Falleh H., Isoda H., Ksouri R. and Nakajima M. Nanoencapsulation of Thymus capitatus essential oil: Formulation process, physical stability characterization and antibacterial efficiency monitoring. Industrial Crops and Products, 2018; 113, pp.414-421.
- Juniperus phoenicea / Phoenicean juniper. (2020). Available at: https://conifersociety.org/conifers/juniperus-phoenicea/. (Accessed 15.10.2020)
- Ait-Ouazzou A., Lorán S., Arakrak A., Laglaoui A., Rota C., Herrera A., Pagán R., Conchello P. Evaluation of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Mentha pulegium, Juniperus phoenicea, and Cyperus longus essential oils from Morocco. Food Research International. 2012; 45 (1), PP 313-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.09.004.
- Mazari K., Bendimerad N., and Bekhechi C. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils isolated from Algerian Juniperus phoenicea L. and Cupressus sempervirens L. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 2010; 4(10), pp.959-964.
- Ennajar M., Bouajila J., Lebrihi A., Mathieu F., Abderraba M., Raies A. and Romdhane M. Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils and various extracts of Juniperus phoenicea L.(Cupressacees). Journal of food science, 2009; 74(7), pp.M364-M371.
- Derwich E., Benziane Z. and Boukir A. Chemical composition of leaf essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea and evaluation of its antibacterial activity. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 2010. 12(2), pp.199-204.
- El-Sawi SA., Motawae HM., and Ali AM. Chemical composition, cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of leaves and berries of Juniperus phoenicea L. grown in Egypt. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 2007; 4(4), pp.417-426.
- Hayouni E., Abedrabba M., Bouix M., Hamdi M. The effects of solvents and extraction method on the phenolic contents and biological activities in vitro of Tunisian Quercus coccifera L. and Juniperus phoenicea L. fruit extracts. Food Chemistry. 2007; 105(3) Pages 1126-1134, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.02.010.)
- Ramdani M., Lograda T., Silini H., Zeraib A., Chalard P., Figueredo G., Bouchaala M. and Zerrar S. Antibacterial activity of essential oils of Juniperus phoenicea from Eastern Algeria. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2013; 3(11), p.22.
- Hernández-García E., García A., Garza-González E., Avalos-Alanís FG., Rivas-Galindo VM., Rodríguez-Rodríguez J., Alcantar-Rosales V.M., Delgadillo-Puga C. and del Rayo Camacho-Corona M. Chemical composition of Acacia farnesiana (L) wild fruits and its activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and dysentery bacteria. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2019; 230, pp.74-80 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/795435).
- Eldalawy R., Alani W., Al-Araji M. Antibacterial Activity of Two Iraqi Plants from the Family Pinaceae Al-Mustansiriyah. Journal for Pharmaceutical Sciences 2014; 14(1), Pages 85-91.
- Majali IS., Oran SA., Khaled MK., Qaralleh H., Rayyan WA. and Althunibat OY. Assessment of the antibacterial effects of Moringa peregrina extracts. African Journal of microbiology research, 2015; 9(51), pp.2410-2414.
- Ekawati ER. and Darmanto W. Lemon (citrus limon) juice has antibacterial potential against diarrhea-causing pathogen. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019; 217(1), PP. 012023.
- AlRabadi G., Al-Nasir F., Jiries A., Al-Dmour R., Madanat O., Al-Dalain S. Polychlorinated Biphenyls Residue in Citrus and Vegetables in the Jordan Valley, Jordan. Jordan Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences. 2019; 10 (4): 247-251
- Aburjai T., Al-Janabi R., Al-Mamoori F., and Azzam H. In vivo wound healing and antimicrobial activity of Alkanna strigose. Wound Medicine, 2019; 100152. doi:10.1016/j.wndm.2019.100152.
- Chemical Composition and Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oil from Juniperus Phoenicea L. Cupressaceae
Abstract Views :75 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Science, Atlantic Cape Community College, Mays Landing, NJ 08330,, US
2 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman,, JO
3 Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272,, AE
1 Department of Science, Atlantic Cape Community College, Mays Landing, NJ 08330,, US
2 Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Jordan, Amman,, JO
3 Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272,, AE
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 15, No 1 (2022), Pagination: 153-159Abstract
Being multipurpose, relatively safe, and widely favorable for consumption, interest in the essential oils of medicinal plants has been increasing. Essential oil (EO) of Juniperus phoenicea is traditionally used for treatment of several health problems such as diabetes, rheumatism, and cancer that is the second leading cause of death in Jordan. This study aims to collect and chemically analyze EO from Juniperus phoenicea L., from Jordan and to evaluate its cytotoxic and antioxidant activity against human breast cancer cells (T47D), colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (CACO2), and normal human fibroblasts (MRC5). EO was extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed in a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue, neutral red, and MTT assays, and antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH scavenging activity assay. Chemical composition analysis revealed 23 constituents in the EO, and the amount of α- pinene was the highest (69.71%). The results also revealed that the IC50 values of the viability assays were higher among normal cells compared to the human cancer cell lines, and the viability inhibition was significant at higher concentrations compared to untreated cells. Nevertheless, low antioxidant activity was observed for the oil in the DPPH scavenging activity test. To sum up, this study indicates that Jordanian Juniperus phoenicea EO, albeit unlikely to be an effective antioxidant, is optimistically potential to be utilized in breast and colon cancers treatment due to its preferential cytotoxicity against cancer cellsKeywords
Juniperus phoenicea, Essential oil, Cell viability, Antioxidant activity.References
- Al-Eisawi D, Flora of Jordan Checklist Revised. The University of Jordan Press. Amman, 2013: 149-187.
- Oran SA, The status of medicinal plants in Jordan. Journal Agriculture, Science and Technology, 2014; A4(6A): 461-467.
- Oran S and Al-Eisawi D, Check-list of medicinal plants in Jordan. Dirasat, 1998; 25(2): 84-112.
- Oran SA and Al-Eisawi D, Ethnobotanical survey of the medicinal plants in the central mountains (North-South) in Jordan. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmnetal Sciences, 2015; 6(3): 381-400.
- Oran SA, Selected wild plant species with exotic flowers from Jordan. International Journal of Biodiversity Conservation, 2015; 7(5): 308-320.
- Bajes HR, Almasri I, and Bustanji Y, Plant Products and Their Inhibitory Activity Against Pancreatic Lipase. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2020; 30(3): 321-330.
- Zeidan R, Oran S, Khleifat K, and Matar S, Antimicrobial activity of leaf and fruit extracts of Jordanian Rubus sanguineus Friv.(Rosaceae). African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2013; 7(44): 5114-5118.
- Shehadeh MB, Sosa S, Suaifan GA, Darwish RM, Giangaspero A, Vassallo A, Lepore L, Oran SA, Hammad H, and Tubaro A, Topical anti-inflammatory potential of six Salvia species grown in Jordan. Jordan Journal of Pharmacutical Sciences, 2014; 108(3372): 1-9.
- Sawamura M, Aroma and functional properties of Japanese yuzu (Citrus junos Tanaka) essential oil. Aroma Research, 2000; 1(1): 14-19.
- Burali Sanganna, A.R. Kulkarni. Antioxidant and Anti-colon cancer activity of fruit peel of Citrus reticulate essential oil on HT-29 cell line. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2013; 6(2):Page 216-219.
- Chac L., Thinh B., Yen n. Anti-cancer activity of dry extract of Anoectochilus setaceus Blume against BT474 breast cancer cell line and A549 lung cancer cell line. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(2):730-734. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00127.X
- Rathi MA., Meenakshi P., Guru KD., Arul RC., Sunitha M., Gopalakrishnan VK. Leaves of Spermacoce hispida as a Novel Cancer Therapeutic – An In Vitro Study. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2011; 4(8), Page 1288-1291.
- Yousef I, Oran S, Bustanji Y, Al-Eisawi D, and Irmaileh BE, Cytotoxic effect of selected wild medicinal plant species from Jordan on two different breast cancer cell lines, MCF7 and T47D. Biology and Medicine, 2018; 10(4): 1000443.
- Abuharfeil N, Maraqa A, and Von Kleist S, Augmentation of natural killer cell activity in vitro against tumor cells by wild plants from Jordan. J Ethnopharmacol, 2000; 71(1-2): 55-63.
- Hatmal M, Abderrahman S, and Alsholi D, Determining the anti-tumor effects of differnt extracting methods of Arum palaestinum on different cancer cell lines by in vitro assay. Pharmacologyonline, 2017; 1: 28-45.
- Rashan L, Hakkim FL, Fiebig HH, Kelter G, Merfort I, Al-Buloshi M, and Hasson SS, In vitro anti-proliferative activity of the Rubia tinctorum and alkanna tinctoria root extracts in panel of human tumor cell lines. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2018; 11(5): 489-494.
- Shabsoug B, Khalil R, and Abuharfeil N, Enhancement of natural killer cell activity in vitro against human tumor cells by some plants from Jordan Journal of Immunotoxicology, 2008; 5(3): 279-285.
- King Hussein Cancer Foundation. Local Statistics. 2020 [cited 2020 13 October]; Available from: http://www.campaigns.khcf.jo/en/section/local-statistics.
- Loizzo MR, Tundis R, Conforti F, Saab AM, Statti GA, and Menichini F, Comparative chemical composition, antioxidant and hypoglycaemic activities of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus L. berry and wood oils from Lebanon. Food Chemistry, 2007; 105(2): 572-578.
- Ennajar M, Bouajila J, Lebrihi A, Mathieu F, Abderraba M, Raies A, and Romdhane M, Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils and various extracts of Juniperus phoenicea L.(Cupressacees). J Food Sci, 2009; 74(7): M364-M371.
- Abu-Darwish M, Gonçalves M, Cabral C, Cavaleiro C, and Salgueiro L, Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oil from Juniperus phoenicea subsp. Phoenicea berries from Jordan. Acta alimentaria, 2013; 42(4): 504-511.
- Vidaković M, Conifers: morphology and variation. Grafičko Zavod Hrvatske. Zagreb, 1991.
- Ali MJB, Guesmi F, Harrath AH, Alwasel S, Hedfi A, Ncib S, Landoulsi A, Aldahmash B, and Ben-Attia M, Investigation of antiulcer and antioxidant activity of Juniperus phoenicea L.(1753) essential oil in an experimental rat model. Biological and Pharmaciutical Bulletin, 2015; 38(11): 1738-1746.
- Hayouni EA, Abedrabba M, Bouix M, and Hamdi M, The effects of solvents and extraction method on the phenolic contents and biological activities in vitro of Tunisian Quercus coccifera L. and Juniperus phoenicea L. fruit extracts. Food Chemistry, 2007; 105(3): 1126-1134.
- Keskes H, Mnafgui K, Hamden K, Damak M, El Feki A, and Allouche N, In vitro anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and antioxidant proprieties of Juniperus phoenicea L. leaves from Tunisia. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Midicine, 2014; 4(2): S649-S655.
- Laouar A, Klibet F, Bourogaa E, Benamara A, Boumendjel A, Chefrour A, and Messarah M, Potential antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective effects of Juniperus phoenicea berries against CCl4 induced hepatic damage in rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2017; 10(3): 263-269.
- Medini H, Elaissi A, Larbi Khouja M, Piras A, Porcedda S, Falconieri D, Marongiu B, and Chemli R, Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Juniperus phoenicea L. berries. Natural Products Research, 2011; 25(18): 1695-1706.
- Menaceur F, Benchabane A, Hazzit M, and Baaliouamer A, Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Algerian Juniperus phoenicea L. extracts. Journal of biologically active products from nature, 2013; 3(1): 87-96.
- Nasri N, Tlili N, Elfalleh W, Cherif E, Ferchichi A, Khaldi A, and Triki S, Chemical compounds from Phoenician juniper berries (Juniperus phoenicea). Nat Prod Res, 2011; 25(18): 1733-1742.
- Öztürk M, Tümen İ, Uǧur A, Aydoǧmuş‐Öztürk F, and Topçu G, Evaluation of fruit extracts of six Turkish Juniperus species for their antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2011; 91(5): 867-876.
- El-Sawi SA, Motawae HM, and Ali AM, Chemical composition, cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of leaves and berries of Juniperus phoenicea L. grown in Egypt. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 2007; 4(4): 417-426.
- Dhundhwal DK, Senthilkumar KL, Joshua Samuel L, Senthilkumar K. Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Leaves of Plumeria Rubra (Linn.). Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2009; 1(2): 126-127.
- Al Groshi A, Evans AR, Ismail FM, Nahar L, and Sarker SD, Cytotoxicity of Libyan Juniperus phoenicea against human cancer cell lines A549, EJ138, HepG2 and MCF7. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018; 24(1): 3-7.
- Cairnes DA, Ekundayo O, and Kingston DG, Plant anticancer agents. X. Lignans from Juniperus phoenicea. Journal of Natural Products, 1980; 43(4): 495-497.
- Latif A, Amer HM, Hamad ME, Alarifi SAR, and Almajhdi FN, Medicinal plants from Saudi Arabia and Indonesia: In vitro cytotoxicity evaluation on Vero and Hep-2 cells. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2014; 8(34): 1065-1073.
- Aljaiyash A, Gonaid MH, Islam M, and Chaouch A, Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of some Libyan medicinal plants. Journal Of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 2014; 4(2): 43-51.
- Asghari J, Touli CK, and Mazaheritehrani M, Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oils from Echinophora platyloba DC. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012; 6(28): 4475-4480.
- Shaheen H, Assessment of antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of the extracts of two wild plants from Jordan; Sedum nicaeense all. (Crassulaceae) and Arbutus andrachne l. (Ericaceae) in vitro, in Department of Biological Sciences, 2019, The University of Jordan.
- Adams RP, Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Allured Publishing Corporation. Carol Stream, 2007: viii + 804 pp.
- Bustanji Y, AlDouri N, Issa A, Mashallah S, Assaf A, Aburjai T, and Mohammad M, Cytotoxic effect of Mercurialis annua L. methanolic extract on six human solid cancer cell lines. Scientific Research and Essays, 2012; 7(37): 3218-3222.
- Jayashree V and Thenmozhi N, In-vitro anti-proliferative assay and cell viability activity of baicalein using breast cancer cell line. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 2018; 9(4): 1620-1624.
- Akshay R. Yadav, Shrinivas K. Mohite. Anticancer Activity of Psidium guajava Leaf Extracts on Breast Cancer Cell Line. Resarch Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology. 2020; 12(4):298-300. doi: 10.5958/0975-4377.2020.00049.X
- Fotakis G and Timbrell JA, In vitro cytotoxicity assays: comparison of LDH, neutral red, MTT and protein assay in hepatoma cell lines following exposure to cadmium chloride. Toxicology Letters, 2006; 160(2): 171-177.
- Machana S, Weerapreeyakul N, Barusrux S, Nonpunya A, Sripanidkulchai B, and Thitimetharoch T, Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of six herbal plants against the human hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cell line. Chinese Medicine, 2011; 6(1): 39.
- NasimunIslam N., Jemimah S., Shaik SS., Kumar V., Mohanasrinivasan V., Subathra D., Panneerselvam A. Cytotoxic Property of Cocos nucifera shell Extracts on HeLa Cells. Research Journal Pharmacy and Technology. 2014; 7(5), Page 521-525.
- Chauhan R., D’Souza H., Shabnam RS, Abraham J. Phytochemical and Cytotoxicity Analysis of Seeds and Leaves of Adenanthera pavonina. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2015; 8(2), Page 198-203. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00036.0
- Kaileh M, Berghe WV, Boone E, Essawi T, and Haegeman G, Screening of indigenous Palestinian medicinal plants for potential anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007; 113(3): 510-516.
- Teixeira B, Marques A, Ramos C, Batista I, Serrano C, Matos O, Neng NR, Nogueira JM, Saraiva JA, and Nunes ML, European pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) from Portugal: Chemical composition of essential oil and antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of extracts and essential oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 2012; 36(1): 81-87.
- Momin MA., Rashid M., Urmi KF., Rana S. Phytochemical Screening and Investigation of Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Potential of different extracts of selected Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2013; 6(9), Page 1042-1050.
- Valli G, Jeyalakshmi M. Preliminary Phytochemical and Antioxidant Study of Odina woodier Leaf Extract. Asian Journal of Pharmaciutical Research. 2012; 2(4), Page 153-155.
- Cheraif K, Bakchiche B, Gherib A, Bardaweel SK, Çol Ayvaz M, Flamini G, Ascrizzi R, and Ghareeb MA, Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, anti-cholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of essential oils of six Algerian plants. Molecules, 2020; 25(7): 1710.
- Wen SH, Su SC, Liou BH, Lin CH, and Lee KR, Sulbactam-enhanced cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. Cancer Cell International, 2018; 18: 128.
- Li H, Krstin S, Wang S, and Wink M, Capsaicin and piperine can overcome multidrug resistance in cancer cells to doxorubicin. Molecules, 2018; 23(3): 557.
- Silva VR, Corrêa RS, Santos LdS, Soares MBP, Batista AA, and Bezerra DP, A ruthenium-based 5-fluorouracil complex with enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction action in HCT116 cells. Sci Rep, 2018; 8(1): 288.
- Gad SC, Alternatives to in vivo studies in toxicology, in general and applied toxicology, B. Ballantyne, T. Marrs, and T. Syversen, Editors. 1999, Grove’s dictionari’s Inc.: USA. p. 178.
- Jäger W, Metabolism of terpenoids in animal models and humans, in Handbook of essential oils science, technology, and applications, K. Baser and G. Buchbauer, Editors, 2010, Taylor & Francis Group USA. p. 209-234.
- Elshafie HS, Caputo L, De Martino L, Gruľová D, Zheljazkov VZ, De Feo V, and Camele I, Biological investigations of essential oils extracted from three Juniperus species and evaluation of their antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2020; 129(5): 1261-1271.
- Hanaa Labiad, Ahmed Aljaiyash, Mohamed Ghanmi, Badr Satrani, Aziz Et-tahir, Mahjoub Aouane, Mohamed Fadli, Abdelaziz Chaouch. Exploring the provenance effect on Chemical composition and Pharmacological bioactivity of the Moroccan essential oils of Laurus nobilis. Research Journal of Pharmacy. and Technology, 2020; 13(9):4067-4076. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00719.2