Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Chandan Das ¹, Debajyoti Das ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, IN

Abstract

Ayurveda, meaning the science of life, is one of the ancient systems of medicine which is being practiced for several thousands of years by Indian civilization. Ayurveda consists of different type of dosage forms among which asava and arista are stated as the fermented products as these are exposed to the fermentation by the addition of fermentative agents, Saccharomyces cerevisiae obtained from dhataki puspa. Asava and arista, the unique dosage forms of Ayurveda known as “older the better it is” due to their easy palatability, effectiveness and indefinite shelf life. Preparation of asava and arista was described under ‘Madyakalpana’ and were emphasised during Samhita period due to their faster absorption and longer shelf life. The use of these formulations has been proved during Vedic period by many researchers which were a revolutionary innovation during that period. In this article attempt is made to describe the different constituents essential for preparation of asava and arista. These involve dravya (drug substances), dravadravya (solvents), sandhaneeya dravya (fermentative agents), prakshepa dravya (additives) and madhura dravya (sweetners). Further, sandhana patra (fermentation container), patra samskaras prior to sandhana (pretreatment of container before fermentation), sandhana sthala (fermentation place), sandhana avadhi (duration of fermentation), time of fermentation and the duration of process for preparing asava and arista have also been highlighted.

Keywords

Asava, Arista, Dravadravya, Prakshepa Dravya, Sandhana Dravya.

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Dipsundar Sahu ¹, Rajesh Bolleddu ², Manosi Das ³, Debajyoti Das ¹, Tusar Kanti Mandal ¹, Saroj Kumar Debnath ¹, Laxmidhar Barik ¹, Jyoti Dahiya ⁴, Suvendu Mandal ⁵, P V V Prasad ⁶

Affiliations
1 Research Officer (Ayurveda), Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India., IN
2 Research Officer (Pharmacognosy), Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India., IN
3 Research Officer (Chemistry), Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India., IN
4 Assistant Research Officer (Pharmacognosy), Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India., IN
5 Senior Research Fellow (Chemistry), Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India., IN
6 Director (Institute), Central Ayurveda Research Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India., IN

Abstract

Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng. (family Lamiaceae) is commonly known as parnayavani by the several ethnic groups of West Bengal. The plant used by the traditional healers in cough, common cold, abdominal flatulence, indigestion, constipation etc. The preliminary phytochemical analysis, HPTLC finger printing and detailed pharmacognostical studies of its leaves revealed presence of distinctive characteristics, which help in identifying the specimen.

Keywords

Plectranthus amboinicus, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, HPTLC, Parnayavani.

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Ashirbad Nanda ¹, Sai Aparna ², Rudra Narayan Sahoo ³, Arunima Pramanik ¹, Bhargab Satpathy ⁴, Subrata Mallick ¹, Debajyoti Das ¹, Manorama Patri ²

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003,, IN
2 Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, College Square, Cuttack, Odisha 753003,, IN
3 Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, IN
4 Research Associate II Hetero Biopharm Unit III, Hyderabad, Telangana., IN

Abstract

Proliferative retinopathy is described as a progressive neovascularization in the inner surface of the retina or vitreous, which subsequently threatens vision by causing retinal detachment or vitreous hemorrhage. Reactive oxygen species generation and its related vasoproliferative factor up regulation play a major role in progression of the disease. The present study focuses on Carr induced reactive species generation with its related vasoproliferative factor up regulation and ameliorative activity of AML. Biochemical estimation of catalase, lipid peroxidation, hypoxia inducing factor (HIF-1α) and guanyl-s-transferase (GST) were done. AML treated group showed significant increase in catalase enzyme, guanyl-s-transferase and significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation. Western blotting assay showed a significant decrease in HIF-1α in AML treated group. The progression of PR alters the endogenous cell signalling thus causing havoc in retinal cells. Therefore, it could be hypothesized that use of AML can be a new detection method for therapeutic strategies to prevent blindness in PR.

Keywords

Amlodipine, Proliferative retinopathy, Biochemical estimation, Hypoxia.

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