The Role of Hyperglycemia and Coexisting Hypertension in The Development of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (D.N) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality and now the most common cause of end stage renal failure ESRF worldwide but especially in developed countries. Objectives: The aim of the study is to know the role of hyperglycemia and co-existing hypertension HTN in the development of D.N. among patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Patients and Method: One hundred and twenty one diabetic patients were enrolled in a prospective observational study. Sixty six patients were females and fifty five were males. Besides full history and physical examination data were collected according to a format. At the end, these data were collected and analyzed statistically. Results: The average age was (54 ± 2.1) year , female to male ratio 66 to 55 (1.2:1) the number of patients with hyperglycemia was 90. Average random blood sugar R.B.S was 259 ± 1.6 mg/dL. number of patients with hypertension was 71, the average of systolic blood pressure BP was 158 ± 6.1 mmHg and diastolic was 10.2 ± 1.1, the average duration of D.M. was (10.5 ± 4.2) year, the average of glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c was 9.8 ± 2.1. the number of patients with D.N was 77. Conclusion: The data showed that hyperglycemia and co-existing of hypertension were major risk factors in the development of D.N. among patient with type II D.M.