Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Microring Resonators and its Applications


Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302, WB, India
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302, WB, India
 

Microring resonators (MRRs) are the most sought on-chip optical components after the optical waveguides due to versatile usages and functionalities whether in linear or nonlinear and quantum properties. A simple MRR geometry consists of one or two straight waveguides and circular or bent waveguides. Due to huge potential and versatility, we provide a comprehensive review on microring resonators that encompasses from material selection to applications and various configurations.

Keywords

Microring Resonators, Optical Waveguides, On-Chip Optical Components.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Van V, Optical microring resonators: theory, Techniques, and applications. CRC Press, 2016.

  • Lefevre-Seguin`V & Haroche S, Mater Sci Eng B, 48 (1997) 53.

  • Braginsky V, Gorodetsky M & Ilchenko V, Phys Lett A, 137 (1989) 393.

  • Vernooy D, Furusawa A, Georgiades N P, Ilchenko V & Kimble H, Phys Rev A, 57 (1998) R2293.

  • Gorodetsky M L, Savchenkov A A & Ilchenko V S, Opt Lett, 21 (1996) 453.

  • Maker A J & Armani A M, J Visual Exper, 65 (2012) 4164.

  • Laine J-P, Tapalian C, Little B & Haus H, Sens Actuators A: Phys, 93 (2001) 1.

  • Sandoghdar V, Treussart F, Hare J, Lefevre-Seguin V, Raimond J-M & Haroche S, Phys Rev A, 54 (1996) R1777,.

  • Cai M, Painter O, Vahala K & Sercel P, Opt Lett, 25 (2000) 1430.

  • Wiersig J, Phys Rev Lett, 97 (2006) 253901.

  • Marcatili E, Bell Syst Tech J, 48 (1969) 2103.

  • Caruso L & Montrosset I, J Lightwave Technol, 21 (2003) 206.

  • Kokubun Y, Hatakeyama Y, Ogata M, Suzuki S & Zaizen N, IEEE J Selec Top Quant Electron, 11 (2005) 4.

  • Butt M, Khonina S & Kazanskiy N, Laser Phys, 29 (2019) 046208.

  • Grover R, Van V, T Ibrahim, Absil P, Calhoun L, Johnson F, Hryniewicz J & Ho P-T, J Lightwave Technol, 20 (2002) 872,.

  • Haldar R, Das S & Varshney S K, J Lightwave Technol, 31 (2013) 3976.

  • Cicek K & Cryan M, J Opt, 20 (2018) 085803.

  • Wu C-L, Chen B-T, Lin Y-Y, Tien W-C, Lin G-R, Chiu Y-J, Hung Y-J, Chu A-K & Lee C-K, Opt Expr, 23 (2015) 26268.

  • Rabus D G, Integrated ring resonators, Springer, 2007.

  • Bogaerts W, Heyn P D, Vaerenbergh T V, Vos K D, Selvaraja S K, Claes T, Dumon P, Bienstman P, Thourhout D V & Baets R, Laser Photon Rev, 6 (2012) 47.

  • Lee H S, Choi C-H, Beom-Hoan O, Lee S-G & Lee E-H, Optical Fiber Commun Conf, Optica Publishing Group, (2004) MF31.

  • Yariv A, Electron Lett, 36 (2000) 321.

  • Madsen C K & Zhao J H, Optical filter design and analysis, Wiley New York, 1999.

  • Jang J K, Klenner A, X Ji, Okawachi Y, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, Nature Photon, 12 (2018) 688.

  • Haldar R, Ummethala S, Sinha R K & Varshney S K, J Soc Am B, 38 (2021) 3743.

  • Soltani M, Yegnanarayanan S, Li Q & Adibi A, IEEE J Quant Electron, 46 (2010) 1158.

  • Barwicz T, Byun H, Gan F, Holzwarth C, Popovic M, Rakich P, Watts M, Ippen E, Kartner F, Smith H, et al., J Opt Network, 6 (2007) 63.

  • Reed G T, Mashanovich G, Gardes F Y & Thomson D, Nature Photon, 4 (2010) 518.

  • Cocorullo G & Rendina I, Electron Lett, 1 (1992) 83.

  • Kauppinen L J, Abdulla S M, Krijnen G J, Pollnau M & Ridder R M de, The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Optical Society of America, (2011) CE51.

  • Rakich P T, Popovic M A, Watts M R, Barwicz T, Smith H I & Ippen E P, Opt Lett, 31 (2006) 1241.

  • Asghari-Govar A, Andalib A, Zavvari M & Mohammadi P, Optik, 203 (2020) 163953.

  • Chung S, Nakai M & Hashemi H, Opt Express, 27 (2019) 13430.

  • Qiu C, Yang Y, Li C, Wang Y, Wu K & Chen J, Sci Rep, 7 (2017) 1.

  • Nielson G N, Seneviratne D, Lopez-Royo F, Rakich P T, Avrahami Y, Watts M R, Haus H A, Tuller H L & Barbastathis G, IEEE Photon Technol Lett, 17 (2005) 1190.

  • Haldar R, Mishra V, Koos C, Freude W & Varshney S K, Optica Publishing Group, (2016) 6.

  • Haldar R, Banik A D & Varshney S K, Optics Express, 22 (2014) 22411.

  • Jinguji K & Oguma M, J Lightwave Technol, 18 (2000) 252.

  • Little B, Chu S, Absil P, Hryniewicz J, Johnson F, Seiferth F, Gill D, Van V, King O & Trakalo M, IEEE Photon Technol Lett, 16 (2004) 2263.

  • Little B E, Chu S T, Haus H A, Foresi J & Laine J-P, J Lightwave Technol, 15 (1997) 998.

  • Yariv A, Xu Y, Lee R K & Scherer A, Opt Lett, 24 (1999) 711.

  • Hryniewicz J, Absil P, Little B, Wilson R & Ho P-T, IEEE Photon Technol Lett, 12 (2000) 320.

  • Watts M R, Barwicz T, Popovic M, Rakich P T, Socci L, Ippen E P, Smith H I & Kaertner F, Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Optica Publishing Group, (2005) 3.

  • Xia F, Sekaric L & Vlasov Y, Nature Photon, 1 (2007) 65.

  • Ye Y-H, Ding J, Jeong D-Y, Khoo I & Zhang Q, Phys Rev E, 69 (2004) 056604.

  • Xiao S, Khan M H, Shen H & Qi M, Opt Express, 15 (2007) 14765.

  • Villers S B, Hould D & Shi W, 2019 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC), IEEE, (2019) 1.

  • Gan F, Barwicz T, Popovic M, Dahlem M, Holzwarth C, Rakich P, Smith H, Ippen E & Kartner F, 2007 Photonics in Switching, (2007) 67.

  • Xia F, Rooks M, Sekaric L & Vlasov Y, Opt Express, 15 (2007) 11934.

  • Padmaraju K & Bergman K, Nanophotonics, 3 (2014) 269.

  • Jayatilleka H, Murray K, Guillen-Torres M A´,´ Caverley M, Hu R, Jaeger N A, Chrostowski L & Shekhar S, Optics Express, 23 (2015) 25084.

  • Mak J C, Sacher W D, Xue T, Mikkelsen J C, Yong Z & Poon J K, IEEE J Quant Electron, 51 (2015) 1.

  • Popovic M, Theory and design of high-index-contrast microphotonic circuits, Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008.

  • Bienstman P, Six E, Roelens A, Vanwolleghem M & Baets R, IEEE Photon Technol Lett, 14 (2002) 164.

  • Vlasov Y A & McNab S J, Opt Express, 12 (2004) 1622.

  • Morichetti F, Photonic Microresonator Research and Applications, Springer, (2010) 61.

  • Oda K, Takato N & Toba H, J Lightwave Technol, 9 (1991) 728.

  • Van V, Little B E, Chu S T & Hryniewicz J V, The 17th Annual Meeting of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society IEEE, 2 (2004) 571.

  • Griffel G, IEEE Photon Technol Lett, 12 (2000) 1642.

  • Barbarossa G, Matteo A M & Armenise M N, J Lightwave Technol, 13 (1995) 148.

  • Dey S B, Mandal S & Jana N N, Appl Opt, 51 (2012) 6901.

  • Yanagase Y, Suzuki S, Kokubun Y & Chu S T, J Lightwave Technol, 20 (2002) 1525.

  • Boeck R, Shi W, Chrostowski L & Jaeger N, IEEE Photon J, 5 (2013) 2202511.

  • Geuzebroek D, Klein E, Kelderman H, Tan F, Klunder D & Driessen A, Proceedings Symposium IEEE/LEOS Benelux Chapter, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam, (2002) 155.

  • Dey S & Mandal S, Opt Eng, 50 (2011) 084601.

  • Xiao S, Khan M H, Shen H & Qi M, J Lightwave Technol, 26 (2008) 228.

  • Urbonas D, Balcytis A,ˇ Gabalis M, Vaskeviˇ cius K,ˇ Naujokaite G, Juodkazis S & Petruskeviˇ cius R,ˇ Opt Lett, 40 (2015) 2977.

  • Wu J, Moein T, Xu X, Ren G, Mitchell A & Moss D J, Apl Photon, 2 (2017) 056103.

  • Bag S K & Varshney S K, J Opt Soc Am B, 38 (2021) 1669.

  • Chao C-Y & Guo L J, Appl Phys Lett, 83 (2003) 1527.

  • Acha N D, Socorro-Leranoz A B,´ Elosua C, & Mat´ıas I R, Biosensors, 11 (2021)197.

  • Chao C-Y & Guo L J, J Lightwave Technol, 24 (2006) 1395.

  • Ramachandran A, Wang S, Clarke J, Ja S, Goad D, Wald L, Flood E, Knobbe E, Hryniewicz J, Chu S, et al., Biosens Bioelectron, 23 (2008) 939.

  • Yan H, Huang L, Xu X, Chakravarty S, Tang N, Tian H & Chen R T, Opt Express, 24 (2016) 29724.

  • Yalcin A, Popat K C, Aldridge J C, Desai T A, Hryniewicz J, Chbouki N, Little B E, King O, Van V, Chu S, et al., IEEE J Select Top Quant Electron, 12 (2006) 148.

  • Vos K D, Bartolozzi I, Schacht E, Bienstman P & Baets R, Opt Express, 15 (2007) 7610.

  • Cardenosa-Rubio M C, Robison H M & Bailey R C, Curr Opin Environ Sci Health, 10 (2019) 38.

  • Matsuura S, Yamasaku N, Nishijima Y, Okazaki S & Arakawa T, Sensors, 20 (2019) 96.

  • Kishikawa H, Sato M, Goto N, Yanagiya S-I, Kaito T & Liaw S K, Jpn J Appl Phys, 8, (2019) SJJD05.

  • Yebo N A, Taillaert D, Roels J, Lahem D, Debliquy M, Thourhout D V & Baets R, IEEE Photon Technol Lett, 21 (2009) 960.

  • Qiao Y, Tao J, Chen C-H, Qiu J, Tian Y, Hong X & Wu J, Micromachines, 8 (2017) 160.

  • Fu D, Chung J, Liu Q, Raziq R, Kee J S, Park M K, Valiyaveettil S & Lee P, Sens Actuators B: Chem, 257 (2018) 136.

  • Hajikhanloo A S, Sarraf M J, Rostami A & Dolatyari M, Micro Ring Resonator Based Co2 Gas Sensor using Pbse Quantum Dots, 2021.

  • Eisner L, Wilhelm I, Flachenecker G, Hurttlen J & Schade W, Sensors, 19 (2019) 3909.

  • S Borjian, Saunders J, X Wu, Crudden C M, Loock H-P, et al., Appl Industr Opt: Spectros, Imag Metrol, Optica Publishing Group, (2015) AIM2D.

  • Chauvin D, Bell J, Leray I, Ledoux-Rak I & Nguyen C T, Sens Actuators B: Chem, 280 (2019) 77.

  • Stievater T H, Pruessner M W, Park D, Rabinovich W S, McGill R A, Kozak D A, Furstenberg R, Holmstrom S A & Khurgin J B, Opt Lett, 39 (2014) 969.

  • Zhang P, Ding Y & Wang Y, Optik, 171 (2018) 642.

  • Shia W W & Bailey R C, Anal Chem, 85 (2013) 805.

  • Chen Y, Liu Y, Shen X, Chang Z, Tang L, Dong W-F, Li M & He J-J, Sensors, 15 (2015) 1558.

  • Bahadoran M, Noorden A F A, Mohajer F S, Mubin M H A, Chaudhary K, Jalil M A, Ali J & Yupapin P, Artificial cells, Nanomed Biotechnol, 44 (2016) 315.

  • McClellan M S, Domier L L & R Bailey C, Biosens Bioelectron, 31 (2012) 388.

  • Estrada I, Burlingame R, Wang A, Chawla K, Grove T, Wang J, Southern S, Iqbal M, Gunn L & Gleeson M, Advances in Global Health through Sensing Technologies, 9490 (2015) 36.

  • Beusink J B, A Lokate M, Besselink G A, Pruijn G J & Schasfoort R B, Biosens Bioelectron, 23 (2008) 839.

  • Zhuo Y, Hu H, Chen W, Lu M, Tian L, Yu H, Long K D, Chow E, King W P, Singamaneni S, et al., Analyst, 139 (2014) 1007.

  • Li H, Luo X, Du C, Chen X & Fu Y, Sens Actuators B: Chem, 134 (2008) 940.

  • Vollmer F, Arnold S & Keng D, Proc Nat Acad Sci, 105 (2008) 20701.

  • Li X, Zhang Z, Qin S, Wang T, Liu F, Qiu M & Su Y, Appl Opt, 48 (2009) F90.

  • Zhang W, Li W & Yao J, Opt Lett, 41 (2016) 2474.

  • Bag S K, Sinha R K, Wan M & Varshney S, J Phys D: Appl Phys, 54 (2021) 16LT01.

  • Biswas U, Rakshit J K, Das J, Bharti G K, Suthar B, Amphawan A & Najjar M, Silicon, 13 (2021) 885.

  • Hu C, Shi Y, Zhou T, Xu C & Zhu A, Silicon, 14 (2022) 5847.

  • Wang C-T, Wang C-Y, Yu J-H, Kuo I-T, Tseng C-W, Jau H-C, Chen Y-J & Lin T-H, Opt Express, 24 (2016) 1002.

  • Bhola B, Song H-C, Tazawa H & Steier W H, IEEE Photon Technol Lett, 17 (2005) 867.

  • Bhola B & Steier W H, IEEE Sens J, 7 (2007) 1759.

  • Chao C-Y, Ashkenazi S, Huang S-W, O’Donnell M & Guo L J, IEEE Trans Ultrason, Ferroelectr Freq Control, 54 (2007) 957.

  • Maxwell A, Huang S-W, Ling T, Kim J-S, Ashkenazi S & Guo L J, IEEE J Select Top Quan Electron, 14 (2008) 191.

  • Dong B, Chen S, Zhang Z, Sun C & Zhang H F, Opt Lett, 39 (2014) 4372.

  • Li H, Dong B, Zhang Z, Zhang H F & Sun C, Sci Rep, 4 (2014) 1.

  • Agrawal G P, Nonlinear Science at the Dawn of the 21st Century. Springer, (2000) 195.

  • Grelu P, Nonlinear optical cavity dynamics: from microresonators to fiber lasers, John Wiley & Sons, 2015.

  • T Kippenberg J, Holzwarth R & Diddams S A, Science, 332 (2011) 555.

  • Scroggie A, W Firth, McDonald G, Tlidi M, Lefever R & Lugiato L A, Chaos, Solitons Fractals, 4 (1994) 1323.

  • Del’Haye P, Schliesser A, Arcizet O, Wilken T, Holzwarth R & Kippenberg T J, Nature, 450 (2007) 1214.

  • Rotschild C, Alfassi B, Cohen O & Segev M, Nature Phys, 2 (2006) 769.

  • Leo F, Coen S, Kockaert P, Gorza S-P, Emplit P & Haelterman M, Nature Photon, 4 (2010) 471.

  • Roy A, Haldar R & Varshney S K, J Lightwave Technol, 36 (2018) 5807.

  • Kartashov Y, Alexander O & Skryabin D, Opt Express, 25 (2017) 11550.

  • Matsko A B, Liang W, Savchenkov A A, Eliyahu D & Maleki L, Opt Lett, 41 (2016) 2907.

  • Ludlow A D, Boyd M M, Ye J, Peik E & Schmidt P O, Rev Mod Phys, 87 (2015) 637.

  • Drake T E, Briles T C, Stone J R, Spencer D T, Carlson D R, Hickstein D D, Li Q, Westly D, K Srinivasan, Diddams S A, et al., Phys Rev X, 9 (2019) 031023.

  • Holzwarth R, Udem T, Hansch T W, Knight J, Wadsworth W & Russell P S J, Phys Rev Lett, 85 (2000) 2264.

  • Spencer D T, Drake T, Briles T C, Stone J, Sinclair L C, Fredrick C, Li Q, Westly D, Ilic B R, Bluestone A, et al., Nature, 557 (2018) 81.

  • Fortier T M, Kirchner M S, Quinlan F, Taylor J, Bergquist J, Rosenband T, Lemke N, Ludlow A, Jiang Y, Oates C, et al., Nature Photon, 5 (2011) 425.

  • Foltynowicz A, Masłowski P, Ban T, Adler F, Cossel K, Briles T & Ye J, Faraday Discuss, 150 (2011) 23.

  • Levy J S, Gondarenko A, Foster M A, Turner-Foster A C, Gaeta A L & Lipson M, Nature Photon, 4 (2010) 37.

  • Razzari L, Duchesne D, Ferrera M, Morandotti R, Chu S, Little B E & Moss D J, Nature Photonics, 4 (2010) 41.

  • Savage N, Nature Photon, 3 (2009) 114.

  • Ferdous F, Miao H, Leaird D E, Srinivasan K, Wang J, Chen L, Varghese L T & Weiner A M, Nature Photon, 5 (2011) 770.

  • Del’Haye P, Herr T, Gavartin E, Gorodetsky M L, Holzwarth R & Kippenberg T J, Phys Rev Lett, 107 (2011) 063901.

  • Okawachi Y, Saha K, Levy J S, Wen Y H, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, Opt Lett, 36 (2011) 3398.

  • Leuthold J, Koos C & Freude W, Nature Photon, 4 (2010) 535.

  • M Foster A, Salem R, Geraghty D F, Turner-Foster A C, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, Nature, 456 (2008) 81.

  • Salem R, Foster M A, Turner A C, Geraghty D F, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, “Nature Photon, 2 (2008) 35.

  • Monat C, Corcoran B, Pudo D, Ebnali-Heidari M, Grillet C, Pelusi M D, Moss D J, Eggleton B J, White T P, O’Faolain L, et al., IEEE J SelectTop Quant Electron, 16 (2009) 344.

  • Rong H, Jones R, Liu A, Cohen O, Hak D, Fang A & Paniccia M, Nature, 433 (2005) 725.

  • Foster M A, Turner A C, Sharping J E, Schmidt B S, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, Nature, 441 (2006) 960.

  • Kuyken B, Liu X, Roelkens G, Baets R, Osgood R M & Green W M, Opt Lett, 36 (2011) 4401.

  • Zlatanovic S, Park J S, Moro S, Boggio J M C, Divliansky I B, Alic N, Mookherjea S & Radic S, Nature Photon, 4 (2010) 561.

  • Liu X, Osgood R M, Vlasov Y A & Green W M, Nature Photon, 4 (2010) 557.

  • Singh N, Hudson D D, Yu Y, Grillet C, Jackson S D, Bedoya A C, Read A, Atanackovic P, Duvall S G, Palomba S, et al., Optica, 2 (2015) 797.

  • Griffith A G, Lau R K, Cardenas J, Okawachi Y, Mohanty A, Fain R, Lee Y H D, Yu M, Phare C T, Poitras C B, et al., Nature Commun, 6 (2015) 1.

  • Pafchek R, Tummidi R, Li J, Webster M, Chen E & Koch T, Appl Opt, 48 (2009) 958.

  • Haldar R, Roy A, Mondal P, Mishra V & Varshney S K, Phys Rev A, 99 (2019) 033848.

  • Moss D J, Morandotti R, Gaeta A L & Lipson M, Nature Photon, 7 (2013) 597.

  • Duchesne D, Ferrera M, Razzari L, Morandotti R, Little B E, Chu S T & Moss D J, Opt Express, 17 (2009) 1865.

  • Herr T, Hartinger K, Riemensberger J, Wang C, Gavartin E, Holzwarth R, Gorodetsky M & Kippenberg T, Nature Photon, 6 (2012) 480.

  • Johnson A R, Okawachi Y, Levy J S, Cardenas J, Saha K, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, Opt Lett, 37 (2012) 875.

  • Saha K, Okawachi Y, Shim B, Levy J S, Salem R, Johnson A R, Foster M A, Lamont M R, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, Opt Express, 21 (2013) 1335.

  • Herr T, Brasch V, Jost J D, Wang C Y, Kondratiev N M, Gorodetsky M L & Kippenberg T J, Nature Photon, 8 (2014) 145.

  • Peccianti M, Pasquazi A, Park Y, Little B E, Chu S T, Moss D J & Morandotti R, Nature Commun, 3 (2012) 1.

  • Pasquazi A, Caspani L, Peccianti M, Clerici M, Ferrera M, Razzari L, Duchesne D, Little B E, Chu S T, Moss D J et al., Opt Express, 21 (2013) 13333.

  • Levy J S, Foster M A, Gaeta A L & Lipson M, Opt Express, 19 (2011) 11415.

  • Ikeda K, Saperstein R E, Alic N & Fainman Y, Opt Express, 16 (2008) 12987.

  • Luke K, Dutt A, Poitras C B & Lipson M, Opt express, 21 (2013) 22829.

  • Riemensberger J, K Hartinger, T Herr, Brasch V, Holzwarth R & Kippenberg T J, Opt Express, 20 (2012) 27661.

  • Luke K, Okawachi Y, Lamont M R, Gaeta A L & Lipson M, Opt Lett, 40 (2015) 4823.

  • Pfeiffer M H, Herkommer C, Liu J, Guo H, Karpov M, Lucas E, Zervas M & Kippenberg T J, Optica, 4 (2017) 684.

  • Liu Y, Y Xuan, Xue X, Wang P-H, Chen S, Metcalf A J, Wang J, Leaird D E, Qi M & Weiner A M, Optica, 1 (2014) 137.

  • Saha M, Roy S & Varshney S K, Phys Rev A, 104 (2021) 033514.

  • Wang Y, Shi L, Wu W, Ming X, Sun Q, Wang L & Zhao W, Appl Opt, 61 (2022) 2629.

  • Ji H, Geng Z, Cheng W, Yu Z, Wu P, Li Y & Zhao Q, arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.15354, (2022).

  • Kim C, Ye C, Zheng Y, Semenova E, Yvind K & Pu M, IEEE J Select Top Quant Electron, (2022).

  • Kar S, Saha M, Bag S K, Sinha R K, Sharma S, Singhal S & Varshney S K, Phys Rev A, 106 (2022) 013517.

  • Dean K, Waves and fields in optoelectronics, Prentice-hall series in solid state physical electronics, (1984).

  • Lugiato L A & Lefever R, Phys Rev Lett, 58 (1987) 2209.

  • Ikeda K, Opt commun, 30 (1979) 257.

  • Ikeda K, Daido H & Akimoto O, Phys Rev Lett, 45 (1980) 709.

  • M Haelterman, Trillo S & Wabnitz S, Opt Commun, 91 (1992) 401.

  • Coen S & Erkintalo M, Opt Lett, 38 (2013) 1790.

  • Godey C, Balakireva I V, Coillet A & Chembo Y K, Phys Rev A, 89 (2014) 063814.

  • Saha M, Roy S & Varshney S K, Phys Rev A, 101 (2020) 033826.

  • G Moille, X Lu, Rao A, Li Q, Westly D A, Ranzani L, Papp S B, Soltani M & Srinivasan K, Phys Rev Appl, 12 (2019) 034057.

  • Joshi C, Jang J K, Luke K, Ji X, Miller S A, A Klenner, Okawachi Y, Lipson M & Gaeta A L, Opt Lett, 41 (2016) 2565.

  • Pasquazi A, Caspani L, Peccianti M, Clerici M, Ferrera M, Razzari L, Duchesne D, Little B E, Chu S T, Moss D J, et al., Optics Express, 21 (2013) 13333.

  • Zhang S, Silver J M, Bino L D, Copie F, Woodley M T, Ghalanos G N, Svela A Ø, Moroney N & Del’Haye P, Optica, 6 (2019) 206.

  • Carmon T, Yang L & Vahala K J, Opt Express, 12 (2004) 4742.

  • Y Deng, Liu F, Leseman Z C & Hossein-Zadeh M, Opt Express, 21 (2013) 4653.

  • Xue X, Xuan Y, Liu Y, Wang P-H, Chen S, Wang J, Leaird D E, Qi M & Weiner A M, Nature Photon, 99 (2015) 594.


Abstract Views: 69

PDF Views: 53




  • Microring Resonators and its Applications

Abstract Views: 69  |  PDF Views: 53

Authors

Sauradeep Kar
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302, WB, India
Sridhar Singhal
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302, WB, India
Prasanna Paithankar
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302, WB, India
Shailendra K Varshney
Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302, WB, India

Abstract


Microring resonators (MRRs) are the most sought on-chip optical components after the optical waveguides due to versatile usages and functionalities whether in linear or nonlinear and quantum properties. A simple MRR geometry consists of one or two straight waveguides and circular or bent waveguides. Due to huge potential and versatility, we provide a comprehensive review on microring resonators that encompasses from material selection to applications and various configurations.

Keywords


Microring Resonators, Optical Waveguides, On-Chip Optical Components.

References