Journal of Natural Remedies

G. K. Dash , P. Suresh , S. Ganapaty

Abstract

Objective: To study the antihyperglycaemic and wound healing activity of the leaf extracts of Lantana camara Linn. on rats. Materials and methods: Antihyperglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract of the leaves was evaluated by using both normoglycaemic and alloxan induced hyperglycaemic rats. The wound healing activity was assessed for both leaf juice and hydroalcoholic (ethanol 50% v/v) extract of the leaves on excised rats. Results: The aqueous extract was found to produce significant reduction of blood glucose concentration between 2-4 h of administration in alloxan induced hyperglycaemic rats at tested dose levels. However, in normoglycaemic animals, the extract at 400mg/ kg produced significant reduction of blood glucose between 2-4 h of administration. In the wound healing studies, the leaf juice was found to be more active than the extract. Conclusion: In the light of the alarming toxicity of the plant, the use of this plant in whole or any part there of need to be carefully regulated until the toxic principles of the plant are identified and removed, to ensure a safe and effective treatment for diabetes.

Keywords

Lantana Camara Linn., Kondh Tribes, Alloxan, Antihyperglycaemic, Wound Healing

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S. Ganapaty , C. H. Bharath , P. Steve Thomas , S. Fotso , H. Laatsch

Abstract

The genus Derris is a rich source of rotenoids and prenylated flavonoids. Chemical examination of Derris heyneana, a rare species of Derris, led to the isolation of stigmasterol, lupeol, three rotenoids, 6a,12a-dehydrotoxicarol, dehydrodeguelin, 12-deoxo-12α-acetoxyelliptone and the isoflavone, 4-O-methylderrone. All compounds were isolated by sequential chromatography and characterized by NMR and MS spectral data. The flavonoids are reported for the first time from D. heyneana.

Keywords

Derris heyneana, Fabaceae, Flavonoids

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S. Ganapaty , P. Steve Thomas , P. Sudheer , K. V. Ramana , Peter G. Waterman

Abstract

Objective : The genus Tephrosia is a rich source for unusual flavonoids. The present work is aimed to isolate new molecules of biological interest. Materials and methods : The ischolar_main powder of T. procumbens was extracted with chloroform and concentrated. The residue was subjected to column chromatography and fractional crystallization by organic solvents and their mixtures of increasing polarity which afforded crystalline compounds and were identified by spectroscopic methods. Results and conclusions : Among the isolates, two candidates calopogonium isoflavone B and 2', 7' 8-trimethoxy-4' , 5' -methylenedioxy isoflavone are reported for the first time from this species.

Keywords

Tephrosia procumbens, Flavonoids

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S. Ganapaty , K. N. Vidyadhar

Abstract

A review of the phytoconstituents of the genus Vitex so far reported, has been presented considering that it is one of the largest genus which comprises of 250 species, and distributed all around the world. Only 28 species have been studied phytochemically. Keeping in view of the potential of the genus, an attempt is made to present a review of the phytoconstituents and biological activities of the genus Vitex, which still remain as a source for lead molecules.

Keywords

Vitex, Phytoconstituents, Biological Activities

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S. Ganapaty , J. Sumitra Josaphine , P. Steve Thomas

Abstract

The anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf and ischolar_main extracts of D. scandens as well as the isolated flavonoids, ovaliflavanone and lupinifolin were studied on carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. The leaf and ischolar_main chloroform extract of D. scandens exhibited significant activity at 400mg/kg, when compared to the standard drug at 10mg/kg. The isolates, ovaliflavanone showed higher degree of activity compared to lupinifolin.

Keywords

D. scandens Extracts and its Isolates, Anti-inflammatory Activity

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S. Ganapaty , P. S. Thomas , K. V. Ramana , K. Vidyadhar , V. Chakradhar

Abstract

A review of phytoconstituents and biological activities of Cassia species has been presented, considering the fact that there are about 580 species of this genus distributed all around the world. Only 46 species have been studied phytochemically. Hence an attempt is made to present a review on the phytochemical studies of Cassis sepcies which still remains as a potential source for bioactive molecules.

Keywords

Cassia Species, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies

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G. K. Dash , P. Suresh , S. K. Sahu , D. M. Kar , S. Ganapaty , S. B. Panda

Abstract

Objective: To study the anthelmintic and antimicrobial activities of the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides Linn. Materials and methods: The anthelmintic activity was evaluated on adult Indian earthworm Pheretima posthuma due to its anatomical and physiological resemblance with the intestinal roundworm parasites of human beings. The antibacterial activity of the crude ethanolic extract was performed by agar cup plate method. Results: The ethanolic extract caused paralysis followed by death of the worms at all tested dose levels. It was observed that the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides is more potent than the reference control piperazine citrate. Potency of the extract was inversely proportional to the time taken for paralysis/ death of the worms. The activity confirms the dose dependency nature of the extract. The results of antimicrobial activity revealed that the extract exhibited activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli but inactive against Staphyloccus aureus and Candida albicans. None of test concentrations exhibited comparable activity with the reference control ampicillin trihydrate. Conclusion: The present study concludes that the plant is also endowed with potential anthelmintic property in addition to its other popular uses in the traditional system of medicine.

Keywords

Evolvulus alsinoides Linn., Anthelmintic, Antimicrobial, Piperazine Citrate, Ampicillin Trihydrate, Amphotericin B.

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S. Ganapaty , B. N. Mallika , S. Balaji , S. V. V. N. S. M. Lakshmi , P. S. Thomas , K. V. Ramana

Abstract

A review of phytoconstituents and biological activities of Digitalis species has been presented. Despite the fact that there are about 24 species of this genus spread around the world, the present survey revealed that only 17 species have been studied phytochemically. Hence an attempt is made to present a review on the phytochemical studies of Digitalis species which would possibly serve as a source for much potent cardioactive molecules.

Keywords

Digitalis Species, Phytochemical, Biological Activity

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S. Ganapaty , G. V. K. Srilakshmi , P. Steve Thomas , N. Raja Rajeswari , S. Ramakrishna

Abstract

In the present study we analyzed the cytotoxicity on RAW and HT-29 cell lines by MTT assay and antiprotozoal activity on Trypanosoma, Leishmania and Plasmodium parasites of different flavonoids isolated from three species of Tephrosia, T. calophylla, T. pulcherrima and T. pumila. Pulcherrimin exhibited toxicity towards RAW and HT-29 cell lines at low concentrations. Candidone, millettone and pongachin showed toxicity towards HT-29 cell lines at low concentrations. The isolated compounds were characterized by spectral data, including 2D NMR, ¹H-¹H COSY and ¹³C-¹H COSY experiments.

Keywords

Cytotoxicity, Antiprotozoal, Flavonoids, T. calophylla, T. pulcherrima, and T. pumila

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M. J. Amar Dev , N. Rajarajeshwari , S. Ganapaty , B. Parixi , R. Brun

Abstract

The genus Diospyros is a rich source for napthols and naphthoquinones. During the study, we have chemically examined the ischolar_mains of three unexplored species of Diospyros, D. oocarpa, D. nigresence and D. candolleana for their chemical profile and biological activities. The plant materials on conventional extractions with organic solvents and sequential chromatography yielded seven naphthoquinone derivatves, habibone [1], 8'-hydroxyisodiospyrin [2], diospyrin [3], 4-hydroxy-5methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde [4], 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-naphthaldehyde [5], 4- hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-2-naphthaldehyde [6], and 2-methyl anthraquinone [7] These isolates were characterized by spectral data (2D NMR, ¹H-¹H COSY and ¹³C-¹H COSY). In addition, these compounds were evaluated for their potential to inhibit parasitic protozoa belonging to the genera Trypanosoma, Leishmania and Plasmodium using in vitro antiprotozoal assay and anthelmintic activity against adult earth worms, Pheritima posthuma. The study showed that the isolates enjoy significant anthelmintic and antiprotozoal activity and supports its use in folk medicine.

Keywords

Anthelmintic, Antiprotozoal, Naphthoquinones, D. oocarpa, D. nigresence, and D. candolleana

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