Journal of Natural Remedies

P. Padma , J. P. N. Chansauria , R. L. Khosa , A. K. Ray

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of alcoholic extracts of Annona muricata Linn. and Polyalthia cerasoides Bedd. on stress induced changes in brain neurotransmitters and enzyme monoamine oxidase levels. Materials and methods: Stress was induced by cold immobilzation in albino rats. Results: The extracts were found to possess normalizing activity against cold immobilization stress induced changes in norepinephrine (NE) dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid (5- HIAA) and enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO) levels. Conclusion: The results obtained provide biochemical evidence for adaptogenic activity of the tested extracts.

Keywords

Annona Muricata And Polyalthia Cerasoides, Cold Immobilzation Stress, Antistress Activity, Brain Neurotransmitters, Monoamine Oxidase

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Brijesh K. Tiwari , R. L. Khosa

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. (Asteraceae) against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity and the mechanism underlying these protective effects in rats. Methods: The hepatoprotective effect of Sphaeranthus indicus (Flower heads) extracts was studied using CCl₄ (2 ml/kg, s.c.) induced liver damage in rats. The effect of extract on bile flow was studied in anaesthetised normal rats by surgical cannulation with polyethylene tubing. The drug was given intraduodenally after one-hour bile collection. Result: The animals receiving the extracts of Sphaeranthus indicus has shown to possess a significant protective effect by lowering the serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This hepatoprotective action was confirmed by hexobarbitone-induced sleeping time in mice, which was increased by CCl₄ treatment and in addition the extract-stimulated bile flow (choleretic activity) in anaesthetized normal rats. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers produces prominent hepatoprotective activity in animal models.

Keywords

Choleretic Activity, Hepatoprotective, Sphaeranthus indicus

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P. Padma , R. L. Khosa

Abstract

An exponential rise in world population coupled with rapid industrial growth has a direct impact on environment and society thus making man easily vulnerable to stress conditions. These, in-turn, cause disturbances in the normal physiological functioning of the body by way of increased free radical generation culminating in hypertension, neurosis, immune suppression and other physical and mental disorders. Global search is on, for the development of an effective antistress drug from natural source which could effectively tone up the disturbed physiological functioning of the subjects affected by such stress problems. A number of such drugs mostly in the form of their extracts (holistic approach) or in some, as active principles isolated from them, have been evaluated for their antistress activity by a number of tests which include open field behaviour; Y-maze; Swimming endurance; effect on hexobarbitone sleeping time; stress induced ulceration; monitoring corticosterone, Ascorbic acid, MAO, SOD, SDH and neurotransmitter levels in tissues/blood and others. Withania somnifera, Ocimum sanctum, Mikania cordata, Tinospora cordifolia, Centella asiatica, Panax ginseng, Glycerrhiza glabra, Annona muricata, Polyalthea cerasoides and many others have been reported with encouraging results.

Keywords

Plants, Natural Products as Anti-stress Agents

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Nitin Verma , R. L. Khosa , A. K. Pathak

Abstract

In the present study, wholesome tissue protective efficiency of the ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia stems in mice in terms of whole body survival, genotoxicity, cell proliferation and hematological profile have been investigated. The animals were divided into four groups having six animals in each. Group I, (Control), received vehicle, Group II received orally ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (500mg/kg), Group III was irradiated with ⁶⁰Co radiation (external gamma radiation of 4 GY for 24h), and animals of Group IV were irradiated with ⁶⁰Co radiation (external gamma radiation of 4 GY for 24 h) and given orally ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (500mg/kg), for seven days. On the 8th day all the animals were sacrificed, the blood was collected and hematological cell profile was analyzed. Intestine was removed and its histopathology was done and their mitotic index and crypt of villi was counted. The drug shows significant tissue protective activity (P<0.05) and shows normalization in hematological cell profile in irradiated animals.

Keywords

Co Radiation

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Juhi Sahu ¹, Bhawana Rathi ¹, Sameksha Koul ¹, R. L. Khosa ¹

Affiliations
1 School of Pharmacy, Bharat Institute of Technology, Partapur, By-Pass Road, Meerut-250103, IN

Abstract

Solanum trilobatum Linn (Family: Solanaceae) is one of the important medicinal plant, more commonly available in Southern India. Solanum trilobatum is an extensively used Indian traditional medicine to cure various human ailments. It was distributed throughout the southern parts of India. S. trilobatum is reported to cure numerous diseases viz., tuberculosis, respiratory problems and bronchial asthma. S. trilobatum was reported to harbour hepatoprotective activity, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, cytotoxic activity, haemolytic activity, protective effect, immunomodulatory activity and anti-inflammatory properties. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, phytosterols and tannins in leaf, whereas, stem possess carbohydrates, saponins, phytosterols, tannins, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides as major phytochemical groups.

Keywords

Solanum trilobatum, pharmacological studies, phytochemical screening

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