Journal of Natural Remedies

Sonia Prabhakaran ¹, Dhiviya Thirumal ², Jolius Gimbun ³, Balu Ranganathan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Kancheepuram District, Sriperambudur - 602117, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Medicine, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Chinna Kolambakkam, Palayanoor P.O, Kanchipuram Dist, Madurantagam - 603308, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 University Malaysia Pahang, Gambang Campus, Gambang - 26300, MY
4 Palms Connect Sdn Bhd, Shah Alam - 40460, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY

Abstract

Metformin has been known to the mankind for centuries. Metformin is the first line of drug of choice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Initial pharmaceutical therapy was for treating the frequent urinal problem which is a primary manifestation of diabetes. At the time of writing, metformin as an intervention is looked into for cardiovascular risks, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer. Annual demand for Metformin is 23,000 Metric tons per annum. Nano Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) has embarked into Metformin controlled and targeted delivery for breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Clinical estimation of the biological fluids by the FDA approved diagnostic laboratories use LC-MS/MS where blood samples estimate Metformin as an intact molecule easing the pressure of clinical trials result. Metformin was manufactured by a less known and low profile Aoron pharmaceutical, France not aware of the block buster drug hence the potential of technology development start-ups can neither be underwritten nor underestimated even when there is a very high rate (~90%) of failed biotech/biomed start-up ventures. The bloom of the French lilac (metformin) to blossom and flower for the cure of breast cancer by convergence revolution initiative with the integration of academia, hospital, technology business incubator, multinational corporation with the deliverance of a start-up company.

Keywords

Antineoplastic Drug, Breast Cancer, Clinical Trials, Metformin, Start-Up Company.

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Balakrishnan Purushothaman ¹, Ramalingam Prasanna Srinivasan ², Purushothaman Suganthi ², Balu Ranganathan ³, Jolius Gimbun ⁴, Kumaran Shanmugam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology, Thanjavur – 613403, Tamilnadu, IN
2 TANBIO R&D Solution, Periyar Technology Business Incubator, Thanjavur – 613403, Tamilnadu, IN
3 Palms Connect Sdn Bhd, Shah Alam 40460, Selangor Darul Ehsan, MY
4 Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Pahang, MY

Abstract

The genus Ocimum has a number of species that are used to treat different types of disorders and diseases from ancient times. In this genus, O. basilicum plays a vital role due to its various medicinal properties. It is universally cultivated as herbaceous, perennial plant but originated from Asian continent. O. basilicum is used as a culinary herb and also has a number of pharmacological activities to prevent or treat cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, menstrual cramps, digestive disorders, neuro-degenerated disorders and cancer. In addition to that, it has been reported for antioxidant, antimicrobial, and larvicidal activities. Chemical constituents such as linalool; eugenol; 1, 8-cineone; methyl eugenol and anthocyanins are mostly responsible for the above mentioned activities. Some traditional uses of this plant coincidences with experimental results. However, the studies conducted based on its traditional use are negligible. This review is an attempt to provide a pharmaceutical perspective of Ocimum basilicum.

Keywords

Cancer, Chemical Constituents, Immunomodulatory, Pharmacological Activity, GC-MS.

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