Treatment of Thyponium Flageliforme in Combination with Curcuma Zedoaria, and Phyllanthus Niruri Synergistically Enhances Apoptotic and Anti-Proliferative Effect on Breast Cancer

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Combinations of Thyponium flageliforme, Curcuma zedoaria and Phyllanthus niruri (TCP) have been proven as immunomodulator and retarded tumor progression in vivo. Objective: to investigate the apoptotic and anti-proliferative effect of TCP in C3H mice suffered from adenocarcinoma cells. Methods: 18 mice inoculated with one million cells of breast adenocarcinoma per mouse were assigned into three groups, TCP with dosage 85 and 125 mg were treated for 21 days to evaluate tumor volume, expression of Ki-67 and Capase3. Expression of Ki-67 and Capase3 were measured by immunohistochemistry staining, whilst cancer volume was assessed using calipers. Results: Mann Whitney analysis indicated that tumor volume in TCP groups were lower, otherwise for expression of caspase3, p < 0.05 respectively. Whereas expression of Ki-67 in TCP groups was lower, but not significant, p > 0.05. Conclusion: TCP treatment with 85 and 125 mg dosage capable of reducing tumor volume, increasing caspase₃ and lowering Ki-67 expression.