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Narula, Archna
- Nano-Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation of Waste Starch Sources for Bioethanol Production: An Optimization Study
Abstract Views :84 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Halima R
1,
Archna Narula
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore 562157 ., IN
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, M.S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560054., IN
1 Department of Biotechnology, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore 562157 ., IN
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, M.S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore 560054., IN
Source
Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels, Vol 71, No 3 (2023), Pagination: 439 - 445Abstract
With the inevitable depletion of the world’s energy supply and the rising pollution issues, there has been an increasing worldwide interest in alternative energy sources. One of the best options to beat this energy crisis is biofuel. Bio-ethanol is the best biofuel that can be produced by simply converting the sugar content of any starchy material into alcohol with the evolution of CO2 under controlled environmental conditions. More quantitative ethanol production can be carried out using a hydrolyzed starchy source. The hydrolysis of the starch is achieved through various methods, viz. acid hydrolysis, heat treatment, and enzymatic treatment, out of which the enzymatic method of hydrolysis shows prevalence. In the present study, the hydrolysis of starch sources is carried out by a nano-enzyme bio-conjugate. The enzyme used is -amylase in association with silver nanoparticles. Previous studies indicate the efficacy of nano-enzymatic bio-conjugate, i.e., silver nanoparticles in association with á-amylase, showed a 2-fold increase in its efficacy in reaction mixtures over converting the substrates to products. Thus the usage of the catalys, silver nanoparticles--amylase bio-conjugate in the reaction mixture enhances the reaction rate in hydrolyzing the starch sources, thereby, more breakdowns of the sources be enabled in lesser time. The waste starch sources used in the current study are corn waste, rice husk, and potato peels which can reduce the economy of biofuel production. In this study, pretreatment of waste starch sources for hydrolysis was carried out using nano-enzyme bio-conjugate. Further to this, the efficacy of the hydrolyzed starch source in producing bioethanol was assessed in comparison with the nonhydrolyzed starch source when subjected to fermentation of hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed sources using baker’s yeast for 16hrs. The percentage of ethanol produced from hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed sources is estimated by gas chromatography. The factors affecting the bioethanol production are estimated by optimizing various ethanol process parameters, viz. time, pH, temperature, concentrate of starch source, and biomass concentration by the yield of bio-ethanol produced. The maximum percentage of bioethanol produced using hydrolyzed starch sources using nano-enzyme catalyst under the optimized condition is 63% in comparison with non-hydrolyzed sources, which was 13%.Keywords
Bioethanol, biofuel, -amylase, silver nanoparticles, optimization, cost estimation
References
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- Palm Oil Sludge Biodiesel Production and Optimization using Box Behnken Design
Abstract Views :149 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore-562157, IN
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, MSRIT, Bangalore-560054, IN
1 Department of Biotechnology, Sir M Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore-562157, IN
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, MSRIT, Bangalore-560054, IN
Source
Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels, Vol 71, No 6 (2023), Pagination: 743-750Abstract
Palm Oil Sludge (POS) was used to make biodiesel with HCl as an acidic catalyst along with methanol, followed by a transesterification reaction. The high Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content was reduced from 18.96% to 1.4% in the POS using 5% wt. of HCl, 7.5:1 molar ratio of Methanol to Palm Oil Sludge (POS) waste, 60 min stirrer and 400 rpm. The effect of reaction duration was also studied and found that 97.53% of FFA removal was achieved at 90 min of esterification process. The transesterification reaction yielded 94.66% biodiesel at catalyst loading 0.25%wt of NaOH for a reaction duration of 60min, at 60°C and 400 RPM. The properties of biodiesel produced was analyzed as per IS 1448 standards and was found comparable to ASTM D6751 petroleum diesel standards and ASTM D6751 biodiesel standards. This study also involves the optimization of process parameters for the removal of excess FFA using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box- Behnken Design (BBD).Keywords
Palm oil Sludge (POS), Box-Behnken Design (BBD), Response Surface Methodology (RSM).References
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