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Sharma, Sudhendu
- Comparing Efficacy of Biopesticides for the Management of Insect Pests in Aromatic Rice under Organic Farming System
Abstract Views :308 |
PDF Views:144
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 28, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 87–92Abstract
Field experiments were conducted in farmer's rice fields at village Saholi, Punjab, India during 2012 and 2013 to test the efficacy of different plant based biopesticides and microbials against insect pests of aromatic rice (Pusa 1121 and Basmati 386) grown under organic farming system. In all, five biopesticide formulations (2 plant based; 3 microbials) were tested for their efficacy. Neem azal 1% @ 1250 ml/ha showed its supermacy in reducing the incidence of leaf folder (0.97-5.66% DL), dead hearts (0.98-1.67% DH), white ear heads (1.07-2.05%), plant hopper(s) population (0.11-0.40/plant) and resulted in higher grain yields (25.54-36.47 q/ha) compared with ohter treatments. Similarly, the application of Neem azal 1% @ 1000, Dipel WP @ 2.0 kg/ha, Karanja oil 2.0% and Myco-Jaal 10% SC @ 2.0 litre per ha significantly reduced the incidence of leaf folder, dead hearts and white earheads increased grain yields in comparison to untreated control. Microbials, by large, were ineffective to control plant hoppers' infestation except Myco-Jaal 10% SC @ 2.0 litre per ha, which managed to control plant hopper(s) population and was on a par with plant based biopesticides.Keywords
Aromatic Rice, Biopesticides, Leaffolder, Planthoppers, Stemborer.Full Text
References
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- Mohanty S. 2009. Rice and the global financial crisis. Rice Today 8: 40. NBPGR 2006. Document on biology of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in India. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. 79 p.
- Nigam VD, Sharma SC, Ali S. 2010. Comparative bioefficacy of some insecticides against rice leaf folder,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee). Indian J Entomol. 72: 293-296.
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- Reddy BS. 2010. Organic farming status, issues and prospects - A review. Agric Econ Res Rev. 23: 343-358.
- Saxena RC, Justo HD, Rueda BP. 1987. Neem seed bitters for management of plant hopper and leaf hopper pests of rice. In: Mid-Term Appraisal Works on Botanical Pest Control in Rice Based Cropping systems pp 19.
- Senthil Nathan S, Choi MY, Paik CH, Seo HY, Kim JD, Kang SM. 2007. The toxic effects of neem extract and azadiractin on the brown planthopper, Nilaparvatha lugens (Stal). Chemosphere 67: 80 -88.
- Shahid AA, Nasir IA, Zafar AU, Sumrin A, Chaudhry B, Riazuddin S. 2003. The use of CAMB biopesticides to control pests of rice (Oryza sativa). Asian J Pl Sci. 2: 1079-1082.
- On-Farm Impact of Egg Parasitoid, Trichogramma Spp. Against Lepidopteran Pests in Organic Basmati Rice
Abstract Views :276 |
PDF Views:129
Authors
Affiliations
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 32, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 116-120Abstract
On farm impact of Trichogrammatids was studied against lepidopteran pests, i.e., yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) and leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) in organic basmati rice (var. Pusa 1121) over an area of 20 and 60 hectares during 2014 and 2015, respectively. Six augmentative releases of Trichogramma chilonis and T. japonicum each @ 1,00,000 parasitoids/ha were made starting from 30 days after transplanting (DAT) and was compared with untreated control. Based on the overall mean, the biocontrol treatment (1.74% DH) was significantly effective in reducing the dead heart incidence as compared to untreated control (4.52% DH). The reduction in dead hearts was 61.50 per cent in biocontrol over untreated control. The mean incidence of white ears was also significantly lower in biocontrol field (2.05%) as against untreated control (4.89%) resulting in a reduction of 58.08 per cent. Similarly, leaf folder damage in biocontrol (2.04% LFDL) resulted in 62.50 per cent reduction over untreated control (5.44% LFDL). Grain yield in biocontrol fields (29.81 q/ha) was 18.76 per cent more than the untreated control (25.10 q/ha). The increase in yield due to control of stem borers and leaf folder in biocontrol fields resulted in an additional benefit of INR 16332/- and INR 9818/- during 2014 and 2015, respectively. Conclusively, 6 releases of T. chilonis and T. japonicum each @ 1,00,000/ha resulted in lower incidence of rice insect pests and higher grain yield in organic basmati rice with an additional benefit over untreated control.Keywords
Biocontrol, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Scircophaga incertulas, Trichogramma Augmentation.Full Text
References
- Brar KS, Singh J, Shenhmar M, Bakhetia DRC, Singh J. 1999. Insect and Environment. pp. 206–210. In: Pajni H R, Tewari PK, Kaur D (Eds.). Evaluation of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii and T. japanicum Ashmead for the control of leaf folder and stem borer of rice in Punjab. Society of Environment Scientists, Chandigarh.
- Bueno R, Bueno AD, Parra JRP, Vieira SS, de Oliveira LJ. 2010. Biological characteristics and parasitism capacity of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 54: 322–327. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0085-56262010000200016
- Dhaliwal GS, Jindal V and Dhawan AK. 2010. Insect pest Problems and crop losses: changing trends. Indian J Ecol. 37: 1–7.
- Garg DK, Kumar P, Singh RN, Pathak M. 2002. Role of parasitoid Trichogramma japonicum and other natural enemies in the management of yellow stemborer and leaffolder in basmati rice. Indian J Ent. 64: 117–123.
- Gomez KA, Gomez AA. 1984. Statistical procedures for agricultural research, 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons Inc, New York, USA, 704 p.
- Kalode MB. 2005. Insect pests of rice and their management. In: Sharma SD and Nayak BC (Eds.). Rice in Indian Perspective. Today and Tomorrow Printers and Publishers, India. pp. 819-854.
- Karthikeyan K, Jacob S, Purushothaman SM. 2007. Field evaluation of egg parasitoids, Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead and Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, against rice yellow stemborer and leaffolder. J Biol Control 21: 145–148.
- Kaur R, Brar KS. 2008. Evaluation of different doses of Trichogramma species for the management of leaf folder and stem borer on Basmati rice. J Biol Control 22(1): 131–135.
- Ko K, Liu Y, Hou M, Babendreier, Zhang F, Song K. 2014. Evaluation for potential Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) strains for control of the striped stem borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in the Greater Mekong Subregion. J Econ Entomol. 107(3): 955–963. https://doi.org/10.1603/EC13481
- Kumar S, Khan MA. 2005. Bio-efficacy of Trichogramma spp. against yellow stemborer and leaffolder in rice ecosystem. Ann Pl Prot Sci. 13: 97–99.
- Nathan SS, Chung PG, Murugan K. 2004. Effect of botanicals and bacterial toxin on the gut enzyme of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Phytoparasitica 32: 433– 443. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980437
- Sagheer M, Ashfaq M, Mansoor-ul-Hasan, Rana SA. 2008. Integration of some biopesticides and Trichogramma chilonis for the sustainable management of rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Pak J Agri Sci. 45: 69–74.
- Shawer MB, EL-Agamy FM, Hendawy AS, Refaei EA. 2013. Effect of Trichogramma evanescens West release in rice stem borer control. J Plant Prot Path Mansoura Univ. 4(3): 261–264.
- Singh J, Dhaliwal GS, Singh J, Shera PS. 2002. Changing scenario of rice insect pests in Punjab and their management strategies. Indian J Ecol. 29: 208–220.
- Singh J. 2011. Impact assessment study of IPM basmati project for boosting diversification process in Punjab. Navajbai Rata Tata Trust, Mumbai, India, 43 p.
- USDA-FAS. 2016. World Agricultural Production. Available at: http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/ current/worldag-production/worldag-production12-09-2016.pdf.
- Impact of Bio-Intensive Integrated Pest Management Practices on Insect Pests and Grain Yield in Basmati Rice
Abstract Views :265 |
PDF Views:122
Authors
Affiliations
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 32, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 137-141Abstract
Bio-intensive pest management practices were compared with farmer’s practices and untreated control in basmati rice at village Sahauli (Punjab). BIPM practices involved green manuring; seed treatment; alternate wetting and drying of the field; installation of pheromone traps and bird perches; augmentative releases of Trichogramma spp.; spray of Neem oil 1%. The farmer’s practices comprised the applications of chemical insecticides. The mean leaffolder damage was 3.12, 1.90 and 5.41 per cent in BIPM, farmer’s practice and untreated control, respectively. The dead heart incidence was 2.49 per cent in BIPM, 1.16 per cent in farmer’s practice and 4.30 per cent in untreated control. Similarly, the mean incidence of white earheads was 3.31, 1.78 and 5.06 per cent in BIPM, farmer’s practice and untreated control, respectively. Highest grain yield was recorded in farmer’s practice fields (30.63 q/ha) followed by yield in BIPM fields (28.07 q/ha). These yields were significantly better than untreated control (25.18 q/ha).The population of natural enemies was higher in BIPM fields as compared to farmer’s practiced fields.Keywords
Basmati, Bio-Intensive Pest Management, Leaf Folder, Natural Enemies, Stem Borer.Full Text
References
- Aggarwal N, Sharma S, Jalali SK. 2016. On-farm impact of biocontrol technology against rice stem borer, Scircophaga incertulas (Walker) and rice leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) in aromatic rice. Entomol Gen. 36: 137–148. https://doi.org/10.1127/ entomologia/2016/0135
- APEDA. 2017. Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority. Available at: http: // agriexchange. apeda.gov.in/product_profile/prodintro/ Basmati_Rice.aspx
- Garg DK, Kumar P, Singh RN, Pathak M. 2002. Role of parasitoid Trichogramma japonicum and other natural enemies in the management of yellow stemborer and leaffolder in basmati rice. Indian J Entomol. 64:117–123.
- Gomez KA, Gomez AA. 1984. Statistical procedures for agricultural research, 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons Inc, New York, USA, 704 p.
- GRiSP. 2013. Global Rice Science Partnership – Rice Almanac, 4th edition. International Rice Research Institute, Los Ba-os, Philippines, 283 p.
- IRRI. 2011. Opportunities for global rice research in a changing World, Technical Bulletin No. 15, International Rice Research Institute, Los Ba-os, Philippines, 25 p.
- Karthikeyan K, Jacob S, Beevi P, Purushothaman SM. 2010. Evaluation of different integrated pest management modules for the management of major pests of rice (Oryza sativa). Indian J Agric Sci.: 80: 59–62.
- Karthikeyan K, Jacob S, Purushothaman SM. 2007. Field evaluation of egg parasitoids, Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead and Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, against rice yellow stemborer and leaffolder. J Biol Control 21: 145–148.
- Kaur R, Brar KS, Singh J, Shenhmar M. 2007. Large scale evaluation of bio-intensive management for leaf folder and stem borer on basmati rice. J Biol Control 21: 255–259.
- Khan RA, Khan JA, Jamil FF, Hamed M. 2005. Resistance of different Basmati rice varieties to stem borers under different control tactics of BIPM and evaluation of yield. Pak J Bot. 37: 319–324.
- Kumar S, Khan MA. 2005. Bio-efficacy of Trichogramma spp against yellow stem borer and leaf folder in rice ecosystem. Ann Plant Protect Sci. 13: 97–99.
- Kumar S, Maurya RP, Khan MA. 2007. Impact of biointensive pest management strategies on yellow stem borer and leaf folder in rice and their effect on the economics of production. J Entomol Res. 31:11–13.
- Matteson PC. 2000. Insect pest management in tropical Asian irrigated rice. Ann Rev Entomol. 45: 549–574
- https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.45.1.549
- Sagheer M, Ashfaq M, Mansoor-ul-Hasan, Rana SA. 2008. Integration of some biopesticides and Trichogramma chilonis for the sustainable management of rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Pak J Agri Sci. 45: 69–74.
- Sharma OP, Garg DK, Trivedi TP, Satpal C, Singh SP. 2008. Evaluation of pest management strategies in organic and conventional Taraori Basmati Rice (Oryza Sativa L) farming system. Indian J Agric Sci. 78: 862–867.
- Sharma S, Aggarwal N. 2014. Time-linked dosage appraisal of Trichogrammatids against Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) and Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in organic aromatic rice. Eco Environ Conserv. 20: 111–118.
- Singh J. 2011. Impact Assessment study of IPM Basmati Project for Boosting Diversification Process in Punjab. Navajbai Rata Tata Trust, Mumbai, India, 43 p.
- USDA-FAS. 2016. World Agricultural Production. Available at: http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/current/worldagproduction/ worldag-production-12-09-2016.pdf
- Natural enemies of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on cotton in Punjab, India
Abstract Views :280 |
PDF Views:132
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 32, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 270-274Abstract
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a polyphagous pest, widely distributed in diverse agroecosystems across the globe. Several bioagents including predators and parasitoids from diverse groups have been recorded against whitefly worldwide. A field survey was conducted during 2016 and 2017 in different cotton growing districts of Punjab to record the natural enemies associated with whitefly. Sixteen species of natural enemies were recorded, including 7 species of insect predators; 2 species of parasitoids and 7 species of spiders. Coccinella septempunctata Linneaus, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) and Brumoides suturalis (Fabricius), Serangium parcesetosum Sicard, Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi (Esben-Peterson), Zanchius breviceps (Wagner), Geocoris sp. and spiders were most commonly recorded predators. Out of these, Chrysoperla was the predominant species. Encarsia lutea (Masi) and Encarsia sophia (Girault & Dodd) were the two parasitoids that emerged from whitefly pupae. The mean parasitization of whitefly by Encarsia spp. in different cotton growing areas of Punjab was 5.20 per cent (range = 1.5 to 9.1 %).Keywords
Cotton, Parasitoid, Predator, Whitefly.Full Text
References
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- Bioformulations for Management of Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)
Abstract Views :319 |
PDF Views:168
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, IN
1 Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 76-79Abstract
Effectiveness of bioformulations was tested against pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in mungbean during Kharif 2015 and 2016 at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. Among the bioformulations the per cent pod damage and yield varied from 21.43 to 24.49 per cent and 5.50 to 8.53 q/ha respectively. During Kharif 2016, per cent pod damage and yield varied from 12.00 to 15.69 per cent and 6.30 to 9.33 q/ha respectivley. The chemical treatment Chlorpyrifos 20 EC (3.75 l/ha) was most effective in terms of pod damage reduction and yield of mungbean. The Bt formulations PDBC-BT1 and NBAIR-BTG4 (2%) and both doses of Delfin WG (1 and 2Kg/ha) were equally effective in controlling the H. armigera pod damage when compared to Chlorpyrifos 20EC. Myco Jaal (commercial formulation of Beauveria bassiana) was not effective in controlling the pod borer as compared to B. thuringiensis formulations in mungbean. The B. thuringiensis formulations Delfin (commercial) and PDBC/NBAIR (2%) effectively reduced the pod damage by H. armigera in mungbean and can be integrated in IPM programme for pulse crop protection.Keywords
Bioformulations, Helicoverpa armigera, Mungbean, Pod Damage.Full Text
References
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- Evaluation of Anthocorid Predator, Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius against Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch on Okra under Insect Net Cage Condition
Abstract Views :336 |
PDF Views:134
Authors
Affiliations
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141004, Punjab, IN
1 Biocontrol Section, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141004, Punjab, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 33, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 236-241Abstract
The present study deals with the evaluation of anthocorid bug, Blaptostethus pallescens Poppius against Tetranychus urticae Koch on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.), conducted in Karif season (June-August) during 2013-2015 in the net cage condition at Entomological Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. The 6-7 days old nymphs of B. pallescens @ 10, 20 and 30 nymphs/m2 were released at weekly interval on the mite infested plants and these were compared with chemical control (Omite @ 300ml/acre at 10 days interval) and untreated control. The releases of predators and acaricidal spray on okra were found better than control in suppressing the population of T. urticae. The release of B. pallescens @ 30 nymphs/m2 was found most effective with a 75.86 to 81.20 per cent reduction of mite population over control. It was statistically at par with chemical control, where 84.04 to 91.66 per cent reduction of mite population over control was recorded. There was no significant difference observed in the reduction of mite population of the plots released with 20 and 10 nymphs/m2 of B. pallescens. The yield of okra from the plots of chemical control was recorded highest (52.70 q/acre), followed by 45.05 q/acre from the plots released with a B. pallescens @ 30 nymphs/m2 at seven days interval. The study concluded that, integrating predator, B. pallescens @ 30 nymphs/plant along with acaricide (Omite 300 ml/acre) as a component of IPM for the management of two-spotted spider mite, T. urticae on okra under net house conditions.
Keywords
Anthocorid Bug, Blaptostethus pallescens, Okra, Tetranychus urticae, Two-Spotted Red Spider Mite.Full Text
References
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