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Jayaraj, S.
- Optimization of Esters of Nerium Biodiesel in a Diesel Engine
Abstract Views :459 |
PDF Views:122
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Automobile Engineering, MIT Campus, Anna University, Chennai, IN
1 Department of Automobile Engineering, MIT Campus, Anna University, Chennai, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 4, No 3 (2011), Pagination: 170-172Abstract
The methyl and ethyl esters of vegetable oils, known as biodiesel are becoming increasingly popular because of their low environmental impact and potential as a green alternative fuel for diesel engine. In the present work, methyl and ethyl esters of nerium oil were prepared by transesterification using both methanol and ethanol. However, viscosity of ethyl esters of nerium oil (EEON) was slightly higher than that of methyl esters of nerium oil (MEON). A single cylinder stationary kirloskar engine is used to compare the Performance and Emission and Combustion characteristics between pure diesel and nerium blends. The nerium oil blends are in percentage of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of nerium oil to 80%, 60%, 40%, 20% and 0% of diesel. Results show that methyl esters of nerium oil (MEON) produced slightly higher efficiency than ethyl esters of nerium oil (EEON). Exhaust emissions and Combustion characteristics of methyl esters of nerium oil (MEON) were also higher than ethyl esters of nerium oil (EEON). Hence methyl and ethyl esters of nerium blend can be used in existing diesel engines without compromising the engine performance.Keywords
Transesterification, Methyl Esters, Ethyl Esters, Nerium OilFull Text
References
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- Particle Deposition from Natural Convection Flow through a Parallel Plate Channel with Axial Heat Sources Including Variable Properties and Brownian Diffusion Effect
Abstract Views :539 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
K.K. Dinesh
1,
S. Jayaraj
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Caledonian College of Engineering, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, OM
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode-673601, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Caledonian College of Engineering, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman, OM
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode-673601, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Research, Vol 1, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 61-84Abstract
Present paper deals with estimation of particle deposition rate from natural convection flow through a parallel plate channel. Brownian diffusion effect is incorporated in addition to convection and thermophoresis. Variation of properties is taken into account by property ratio method. Effect of axial heating and wall step heating on thermophoretic velocity and particle concentration within the flow domain analysed. Governing equations are solved using finite difference marching technique. Higher uniform particle deposition is obtained for axial heating along with step heating of wall.
References
- J.R. Bodoia and J.F. Osterle, The Development of Free Convection between Heated Vertical Plates, J. Heat Transfer, 84 (1962), 40-44.
- K.K. Dinesh and S. Jayaraj, Thermophoretic augmentation of particle deposition in natural convection flow through a parallel plate channel, Heat Mass Transfer, 44 (2008), 1519-1527.
- N.K. Anand, L.S. Fletcher and S.H. Kim, Free convection between series of vertical parallel plates with embedded line heat sources, Transactions of the ASME, 113(1991), 108-113.
- H.M. Joshi, Transient effects in natural convection cooling of vertical parallel plates, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transfer, 15(1988), 227-238.
- R. James Brock, On the theory of thermal forces acting on aerosol particles, Journal of Colloid Science, 17(1962), 768-780.
- B.V. Derjaguin, YaI. Rabinovich and A.I. Storozhilova, Experimental verification of the Theory of thermophoresis of aerosol particles, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 21(1966), 35-58.
- K. Greenberg, J.B. MacChesney and P.G. Simpkins, Thermophoresis: The mass transfer mechanism in modified chemical vapor deposition, J. Appl. Phys, 50(1979), 5676-5681.
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- R, Chein and W, Liao, Thermophoretic effects of nano particle deposition in channel flow, Heat and Mass Transfer, 42(2005), 71-79.
- A. Messerer, R. Niessner., U. Poschi and V. Schmatioch, Combined particle emission reduction and heat recovery from combustion exhaust- A novel approach for small wood- fired appliances.Biomass and Bioenergy, 31(2007), 512-521.
- K.K. Dinesh and S. Jayaraj, Thermophoresis in natural convection with variable properties, Heat and Mass Transfer, 34(1999), 469-475.
- K.K. Dinesh and S. Jayaraj, Augmentation of thermophoretic deposition in natural cnvection flow through a parallel plate channel with heat sources, Int.Comm.in Heat and Mass Transfer, (2009).
- K.K. Dinesh and S. Jayaraj, Thermophoretic augmentation of particle deposition by laser heating in natural convection flow through a parallel plate channel with variable properties, Int. J. Applied Engineering Research, (2009).
- Solar ETC Type Water Heaters – An Analysis Based on CFD Packages
Abstract Views :208 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Calicut – 673601, Kerala, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, VAST, Mumbai – 400059, Maharashtra, IN
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Calicut – 673601, Kerala, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, VAST, Mumbai – 400059, Maharashtra, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 10, No 15 (2017), Pagination:Abstract
Objectives: A comparative numerical analysis is conducted, to emphasize the capability of an open source CFD package (OpenFOAM) over the commercial CFD package of ANSYS. Methods/Analysis: Buoyancy driven flows occurring within the vacuum tubes of gravity-assisted solar water heaters are analyzed. A scaled model of the ETC type solar water heater has been chosen for computation. The geometry and meshing of the model was done by using the 'Design Modeler' and 'ICEM-CFD' packages available in ANSYS. The same configuration was also modeled in OpenFOAM to account for 3-D, transient, incompressible, laminar fluid flow analyses analogous to the available models in FLUENT. Findings: Boussinesq approximation is considered to be valid. Governing equations were discretized based on Finite Volume Method (FVM). The significance of the inlet velocity and varying incident solar radiation on the nature of flow and performance of the collector is examined. Mass flow rates have been varied from 0.0002 to 0.03 kg/s while the solar insolation considered was in the range of 300 to 1000 W/m2. For a uniform heat flux, with decrease in velocity of the fluid entering the storage tank, temperature of the water obtained at the outlet was found to be higher. This is due to the prolonged interaction of the fluid with the tube walls, which facilitates a higher heat gain from the tube surface to the fluid. Similarly, as the heat flux increases, the magnitude of the tube surface temperature increases which results into a higher outlet temperature. The performance of ETC type solar water heaters is said to be more efficient at lower flow rates and the same is true at higher incident solar radiations. Applications/Improvements: Comparison of the results between OpenFOAM and FLUENT shows the wide reliability and urges the use of open source software like OpenFOAM for more complicated CFD modeling and computational studies.Keywords
Finite Volume, Flow Rate, Heat Flux, OpenFOAM, Solar Water Heater.Full Text