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In Assam, bacterial wilt, a soil borne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuchi et al. is the major constraint for production of solanaceous vegetables. Present study was made to evaluate the efficacy of substrate based bioformulation of a PGPR, Pseudomonas fluorescens against the bacterial pathogen in brinjal (Solananum melengona) under field condition. Inhibitory activity of P. fluorescens was tested against R. solanacearum following dual culture method. Three substrates, viz., vermicompost (VC), mustard oil cake (MOC) and farm yard manure (FYM) were compared for mass multiplication of the antagonist. The highest population was recorded (105.56 x 108 cfu/g) when mass cultured in VC along with a standard sticker CMC and an osmoticant mannitol. Quantitative assay of population of P. fluorescens revealed that it could maintain high population count up to 180 days of storage at room temperature. Different method of application of the substrate based bioformulations viz., seed treatment (ST), ischolar_main application (RA), soil application at transplanting (SA) and soil application at 30 days after transplanting (30 DAP) and combined application of all the methods showed minimum wilt incidence and maximum disease reduction in brinjal. Minimum wilt incidence (0.25%) was recorded in the treatment comprising combination of ST, RA, SA and 30 DAP with maximum disease reduction. Following the trend of reduction in disease incidence, yield was maximum (34.40 t/ha) in this treatment and also showed the highest recovery of P. fluorescens strain-Pf-D1 in the soil rhizosphere after harvest (77.40 x 108 cfu/g). Vermicompost appeared to be the best nutrient source to support the antagonist for maximum multiplication and disease reduction and combined application of ST, RA, SA, 30 DAP was most effective bacterial wilt disease management in brinjal.

Keywords

Antagonist, Bacterial Wilt, Brinjal, Microorganism, Organic Substrate, Pseudomonas fluorescens.

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Efficacy of Substrate Based Bioformulation of Microbial Antagonists in the Management of Bacterial Disease of some Solanaceous Vegetables in Assam

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Authors

Popy Bora ¹, L. C. Bora ², P. C. Deka ¹

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Assam Agricultural University, Sonitpur, Assam, IN
2 Department of Plant Pathology, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Jorhat – 13, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 30, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 49-54

Abstract

A study was undertaken to explore effective organic substrate-based bioformulation using virulent cells of antagonists Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma viride during 2010-13. Three organic substrates, viz. vermicompost, farm yard manure and mustard oil cake (MOC) were compared for mass multiplication of the antagonists. All the substrate based antagonists showed effective results in suppression of bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuchi et al.) incidence in vegetable crops tomato, brinjal and chill. Quantitative aspect of population dynamics of the antagonists at different days of storage was made to evaluate the shelflife of the biopesticide and found that the antagonists maintained a steady population count upto 180 days of storage at room temperature. The combination of vermicompost P. fluorescens, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and mannitol showed best shelf-life as it maintained highest population recovery of P. fluorescens and B. subtillis at different days of storage. The combination of MOC, T. viride, CMC and mannitol showed best shelf-life in case of T. viride and maintained highest population recovery of the antagonist at different days of storage. Application of the substrate based bioformulations as combination of seed treatment, ischolar_main application, soil application at transplanting and soil application at 30 days after transplanting showed minimum wilt incidence and maximum yield in tomato, brinjal and chilli. Maximum disease reduction (81.85%) was shown by bioformulation comprising P. fluorescens with vermicompost as substrate followed by T. viride with MOC as substrate (79.07%). Following the trend of reduction in disease incidence, yield was maximum in tomato (36.0 t/ ha), when the crop was treated with vermicompost based P. fluorescens followed by treatment with MOC based T. viride (33.35 t/ha). Yield of brinjal (27.60 t/ha) and chilli (26.30 t/ha) was similarly maximum when bioformulation of vermicompost based P. fluorescens was applied.

Keywords

Antagonists, Bioformulation, Chilli, Tomato, Wilt.

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