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Srivastava, K. D.
- Characterization of Antifungal Metabolites of Chaetomium globosum Kunze and their Antagonism against Fungal Plant Pathogens
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur 208002, IN
2 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IN
3 Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IN
1 Department of Plant Pathology, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur 208002, IN
2 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IN
3 Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 26, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 70-74Abstract
Chaetomium species which are normally found in soil and organic compost are noted for the presence of secondary metabolite with biological activities. Secondary metabolites from culture filtrate of Chaetomium globosum Kunze were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate and separated by thin layer chromatography in five major bands of different Rf values. These compounds were further purified and fractioned with column chromatography. Compound '1' eluted with hexane (fraction 1-18) as color less liquid (Rf 0.84), and other five compounds (2,3,4,5,6) with different ratio of hexane, benzene and acetone as solvent in different fractions as: 34-63 (Rf. 0.46), 71-75 (Rf 0.31), 78 (Rf 0.58), 76-77 (Rf 0.58) and 85-89 (Rf 0.47) were eluted and purified. GS-MS and NMR studies revealed that compounds 2-6 were identical to spectral data of metabolites, chaetomin, BHT, mollicelin G, isomer of mollicelin G and cochiliodinol respectively. One more elution with benzene: acetone (95 : 5 v/v) gave a pale yellow crystalline compound of Rf 0.37 identified as chaetoglobosin. Bioassay studies with two compounds i.e., chaetoglobosin and chaetomin revealed significant growth inhibitory activity against various plant pathogens such as Bipolaris sorokiniana, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum under in vitro conditions.Keywords
Chaetomium globosum, Biocontrol and Secondary Metabolites, HPLC GC- MS.References
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- Aggarwal R, Tiwari AK, Dureja P, Srivastava KD. 2007a. Quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites produced by Chaetomium globosum Krunze ex Fr. J Biol Control 21:163–168.
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- Quantitative Analysis of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Chaetomium globosum Krunze ex Fr
Abstract Views :224 |
PDF Views:171
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi 110012, IN
2 Jamnu University, Jammu, IN
3 Division of Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi-110012, IN
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi 110012, IN
2 Jamnu University, Jammu, IN
3 Division of Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi-110012, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 21, No 1 (2007), Pagination: 163-168Abstract
Chaetomium globosum Krunze ex Fr. (Cg) has been identified as a potential antagonist of Bipolaris sorokiniana and Ascochyta rabei. This biocontrol agent has been found to be producing antifungal metabolites. Six different isolates of Cg were characterized for the production of antifungal metabolites. The quantitative estimation of crude extracts showed maximum production by isolate Cg3 (47.2μg/mg mycelium) followed by Cg2 (44.2μg/mg). Isolate Cgl produced minimum quantity of metabolites (7.44μg/mg). Crude extracts of secondary metabolites from all the isolates of C. globosum when resolved by thin layer chromatography showed that the isolate of Cgl produced only two compounds of Rr value 0.17 and 0.48, while isolate Cg2 produced thirteen compounds, followed by 11 compounds produced by isolate Cg3, The metabolite from spore germination fluid of isolate Cg2, when resolved on TLC plate along with crude extracts from culture filtrate of Cg2, showed production of about same number of compounds. One of the purified compounds from isolate Cg2 when used for bioassay against Bipolaris sorokiniana, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium udum and Macrophomina phaseolina pathogens proved effective in inhibiting the growth up to 70 percent.Keywords
Bioefficacy, Chaetomium globosum, Secondary Metabolites, Soil Borne Pathogens.- Colony Characteristics and Bioefficacy of Different Isolates of Chaetomium globosum Krunze Ex Fr. against Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem.
Abstract Views :245 |
PDF Views:107
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, IN
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 18, No 2 (2004), Pagination: 167-171Abstract
Chaetomium globOsum Krunze ex Fr. has been identified as a potential antagonist of Bipolaris sorokiniana. (Sacc.) Shoem. Nine isolates of this antagonist have been characterized for their colon), characteristics and bioefficacy against the pathogen. Colony characters yaried among the isolates on different media. Potato dextrose agar (PDA) supported maximum growth and sporulation of C. globosum, while suppressed growth and less sporulation were obsen-ed on Czapek dox agar medi urn. Isolates Cgl, Cg6, Cg7, Cg8 and Cg9 were fast growing but produced less number of perithecia, ,vhile isolates Cg2, Cg3, Cg4 and CgS were slow growing showing profuse perithecia formation. All the nine isolates of C. globosum, when evaluated against B. sorokiniuna for their bioefficacy, inhibited growth of test pathogen ranging from 40.03 to 7.02 per cent. The slow woning isolate Cg2 and Cg4 caused maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of B. sorokiniuna.Keywords
Bioefficacy, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Chaetomium globosum, Colony Characters.- Efficacy of Trichoderma viride in Controlling the Loose Smut of Wheat Caused by Ustilago segetum Var. Tritici at Multilocation
Abstract Views :213 |
PDF Views:117
Authors
D. P. Singh
1,
S. Nagarajan
1,
L. B. Goel
1,
D. Singh
2,
J. Kumar
1,
D. V. Singh
3,
Amerika Singh
4,
K. D. Srivastava
3,
R. Aggarwal
3,
M. S. Beniwal
5,
A. N. Tewari
4,
K. P. Singh
4,
A. S. Grewal
6
Affiliations
1 Directorate of Wheat Research (ICAR) Post Box No. 158, Karnal 132001, Haryana, IN
2 IARI RS, Karnal, IN
3 IARI, New Delhi, IN
4 GBPUAT, Pantnagar, IN
5 CCHHAU, Hisar, IN
6 PAU, Ludhiana, IN
1 Directorate of Wheat Research (ICAR) Post Box No. 158, Karnal 132001, Haryana, IN
2 IARI RS, Karnal, IN
3 IARI, New Delhi, IN
4 GBPUAT, Pantnagar, IN
5 CCHHAU, Hisar, IN
6 PAU, Ludhiana, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 14, No 1 (2000), Pagination: 35-38Abstract
The application of Trichoderma viride on loose smut infected seeds (Ustilago segetum var. tritici) or in soil, reduced the smutted tillers up to 17.5 per cent. However, treatment of T. viride alone was not as effective as carboxin seed treatment in the control of loose smut. Maximum reduction was observed in dry seed treatment with antagonist as well as seed treatment plus soil application. The effect of T. viride was more prominent in the seed lot having lower level of loose smut infection. Application of T. viride along with half dose of carboxin was however. found as effective as full recommended dose of carboxin (2.5 g/kg of seed). Soaking of seeds in tap water for 24h also reduced tbe incidence of loose smut by 15.4 per cent.Keywords
Biocontrol, Loose Smut, Trichoderma viride, Uslilago segetumvar.Tritici..- The Potential of Antagonistic Organisms for Bio-Control of Neovossia indica Causing Karnal Bunt of Wheat
Abstract Views :188 |
PDF Views:107
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi - 110012, IN
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi - 110012, IN