Journal of Biological Control

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Harnessing Antifungal Metabolites from Macro Basidiomycetes Against Wilt Inciting Fusarium Spp.


Affiliations
1 College of Agricultural Sciences – SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Baburayanpettai – 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
3 Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore –641003, Tamil Nadu, India
 

Plant diseases especially wilt disease caused by Fusarium spp. pose a major threat to the cultivation of vegetables. In the present study, experiments were undertaken to explore the potential antifungal metabolites produced by macro basidiomycetes viz., Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Schizophyllum commune against Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani causing wilt disease of cucumber and capsicum. Among these, the ethyl acetate fraction of Cell-Free Culture Filtrate (CFC) of L. edodes exhibited maximum per cent inhibition of the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and F. solani (61.11 and 57.77 %, respectively) at a concentration of 2000 ppm. Characterization of antifungal metabolites of Cell Free Condensate (CFC) of ethyl acetate fraction of L. edodes observed as prominent bands in Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) indicated with an RF value of 0.25 and 0.69. Further GC-MS characterization of TLC-eluted compounds from L. edodes indicated the presence of 14 different compounds including 2H-pyran-2-one 6-pentyl-, possessing antifungal activity. The Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy  (FTIR) spectrum revealed the functional groups such as alcohol (O-H), amides (C-O), aliphatic polyes (CH₂), triazenes (N=N), silicon compounds (Si-O-Si), amines (C-N) and phosphorus (P=S). The comparison of metabolite distribution patterns by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) obtained from L. edodes (PC 1) showed a positive correlation between the compounds. This study infers that L. edodes possess antifungal activity against F. oxysporum and F. solani that can be explored for formulation and application of these antifungal compounds in plant protection.

Keywords

Antifungal activity, Cell-Free Condensate (CFC), FTIR, macro basidiomycetes, mycelial inhibition.
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  • Harnessing Antifungal Metabolites from Macro Basidiomycetes Against Wilt Inciting Fusarium Spp.

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Authors

S. B. AKSHAYA
College of Agricultural Sciences – SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Baburayanpettai – 603203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
A. S. KRISHNAMOORTHY
Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
S. NAKKEERAN
Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, Tamil Nadu, India
U. SIVAKUMAR
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore –641003, Tamil Nadu, India
G. THIRIBHUVANAMALA
Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore – 641003, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract


Plant diseases especially wilt disease caused by Fusarium spp. pose a major threat to the cultivation of vegetables. In the present study, experiments were undertaken to explore the potential antifungal metabolites produced by macro basidiomycetes viz., Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Schizophyllum commune against Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani causing wilt disease of cucumber and capsicum. Among these, the ethyl acetate fraction of Cell-Free Culture Filtrate (CFC) of L. edodes exhibited maximum per cent inhibition of the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum and F. solani (61.11 and 57.77 %, respectively) at a concentration of 2000 ppm. Characterization of antifungal metabolites of Cell Free Condensate (CFC) of ethyl acetate fraction of L. edodes observed as prominent bands in Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) indicated with an RF value of 0.25 and 0.69. Further GC-MS characterization of TLC-eluted compounds from L. edodes indicated the presence of 14 different compounds including 2H-pyran-2-one 6-pentyl-, possessing antifungal activity. The Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy  (FTIR) spectrum revealed the functional groups such as alcohol (O-H), amides (C-O), aliphatic polyes (CH₂), triazenes (N=N), silicon compounds (Si-O-Si), amines (C-N) and phosphorus (P=S). The comparison of metabolite distribution patterns by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) obtained from L. edodes (PC 1) showed a positive correlation between the compounds. This study infers that L. edodes possess antifungal activity against F. oxysporum and F. solani that can be explored for formulation and application of these antifungal compounds in plant protection.

Keywords


Antifungal activity, Cell-Free Condensate (CFC), FTIR, macro basidiomycetes, mycelial inhibition.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18311/jbc%2F2023%2F31880