International Journal of Education and Management Studies

Rakesh Rathore ¹, Subodh Agarwal ², Amita Girdhar ²

Affiliations
1 Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner, Rajasthan, IN
2 CCS, Haryana Agricultural University Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Rapeseeds and mustard is one of the most important oilseed crop of the India. It is cultivated across the country. The main objectives of the study was to study area and production of mustard in Hisar district of Haryana. To study the marketing channel of mustard. To study marketing cost and margin of mustard marketing. To study problem faced by farmer in production and marketing of mustard in Hisar district of Haryana. The study area was Hisar district of Haryana. Two block, Hisar block I and Hisar block II was purposively selected, and further 2 villages (8 farmers) from Hisar block I and 3 villages (12 farmers) from Hisar block II was conveniently selected. Total sample size of study was 40 respondent including 20 farmers, 5 wholesalers, 5 processors, 5 retailers, and 5 consumers. The marketing channel is identified in the study are, 1) Producer ->Consumer 2) Producer ->Village Trader ->Wholesaler ->Retailer ->Consumer 3) Producer ->Village Trader ->Wholesaler ->Miller/Oil Expeller ->Consumer 4) Producer ->Miller/Oil Expeller ->consumer. In channel III wholesalers sell their produce to the processors at the rate 37 per kg and total cost incurred by processors was 40 per kg and sell to retailers at the rate 41.50 per kg so processor margin in this channel was 1.50 per kg. Timely credit facilities are required on season for cultivation of Rapeseeds and Mustard. Distress sale and low price of their produce in the market is major constraints faced by the farmers. The highest total difference between marketable surplus and marketed surplus was in Hisar block II followed by Hisar block I.

Keywords

Rapeseeds, Mustard, Production, Marketing.

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S. K. Goyal ¹, Nitin Goyal ¹, Subodh Agarwal ¹, Megha Goyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Business Management, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

India is the 2nd largest producer of fruits in the world. In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyze growth and to estimate the level of variability/instability in area, production and productivity of major fruit crops grown in India using the data for the period 2010-11 to 2018-19. The instability was estimated using Coppock's instability index. The study revealed that orange recorded highest growth rate in production (7.80%) followed by guava (7.01%), total citrus (6.97%), grapes (6.53%), etc. Banana is the only fruit crop under study which recorded negative growth in productivity (-0.35%). However, production increased at annual growth rate of 1.15percent which is due to area growth of 1.49 percent. The study further revealed that grapes recorded highest instability in production whereas orange recorded highest instability in area. In case of lemon and papaya instability in area contributed more than instability in productivity for causing instability in production whereas in case of orange, the instability in area and productivity was almost same. In case of all other fruit crops, instability in productivity contributed more than instability in area for causing instability in production. The growth rate of production of fruits can be increased through price incentives, farmers' education through extension services, better marketing infrastructure facilities, etc.

Keywords

Compound Growth Rate, Coppock's Instability Index, Fruits, Instability.

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Anees Ajmal M.P. ¹, Subodh Agarwal ²

Affiliations
1 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala, IN
2 Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

This paper reports some simple but significant empirical marketable surplus relations for a guar crop in Haryana state. The behavior of the marketed supply of food crops grow partly for home consumption is a matter of critical importance for a growing economy, for the rate of growth of the urban industrial sector depends on the availability of a food from the rural, agricultural sector. It discusses their overall policy implication in the farm sector as well as in the marketing sub-sectors so that it is suitable for Governments to focus more on encouraging a jump in farm output particularly in case of guar without any distinct consideration in favor of small or large farms. The nature of the marketable surplus function is such, in most areas that the usual arguments for discrimination in favor of large farms do not hold. Even with the farm structure remaining what it is, output increases will lead to more than proportionate increases in marketable surplus without a discriminatory or coercive policy. One aspect of the situation is that in the case guar concentration of marketable surplus amongst big farmers was higher. The study provides a comparative study on different blocks in Haryana state and also brings out the impact of the market access of villages as represented by weekly markets and the role of payments and receipts in kind.

Keywords

: marketable surplus, marketed surplus, distribution channels, speculators, guar, distress sale.

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Reetika Bhatt ¹, Subodh Agarwal ²

Affiliations
1 College of Agribusiness Management, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, IN
2 Department of Business Management, College of Agriculture, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Financial inclusion has been accorded high importance by Reserve Bank to aid the inclusive growth process of the economy. There is a need to measure the demand side financial inclusion to improve credit delivery for unbanked population. The empirical structure of economic output in terms of access to finance, access to savings and borrowings among social and sectoral groups is excluded from finance. In this direction, the researcher has measured real situation of financial inclusion among all the blocks of District Udham Singh Nagar of Uttarakhand. The outreach programmes of RBI have also been helpful in spreading awareness and improving financial literacy. However, in view of this colossal task of financial inclusion, there is a need for the banks to upscale and mainstream their financial inclusion efforts. Based on the primary data survey, extent of Financial Inclusion in Udham Singh Nagar was identified. The analysis of study deals with the status of Financial Inclusion on a wide range of financial inclusion measures, including access to finance, savings behaviour of sample respondents, credit delivery by banks or financial institutions. It examines the underlying reasons for use of these variables in Financial Inclusion monitoring and surveillance.

Keywords

financial inclusion, access, advance, awareness.

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