V. Jaime De La Ossa ¹, Alejandro De La Ossa-Lacayo ², Donicer Montes Vergara ¹

Affiliations
1 Programa de Zootecnia, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, Sucre, CO
2 Selvagua S.A.S, CO

Abstract

Objective: food preference in captivity was determined with a free choice of ants, fly larvae, and termites as a viable alternative for the suitable, easily-executed management of Dendrobates truncatus. Methods/Statistical Analysis: 6 dietary offerings were tested: larval fruit flies, 4 species of ants and 1 termite species, on a group of ten D. truncatus individuals held in captivity. The diet was calculated with an average animal weight of 1.75 g (1.3-2.0) and an offer of 12% body weight, which is equivalent to 2.1g/day in total. For the comparison between the diets, Friedman’s ANOVA was applied; to compare the body weights, a t-test was used; and for size, ANOVA and Tukey test were used. Findings: The diet with significant acceptance was termites, with greater preference than the fly larvae and ants. There was trophic plasticity and the concept of extreme specialization of diet in captivity was confirmed. Application: the results suggest that this species can be maintained ex situ with low cost and a wide availability of food resources, which is an important alternative for conservation programs especially since this species is endemic to Colombia.

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Alexander Perez Cordero ¹, Donicer Montes Vergara ¹, V. Jaime de la Ossa ¹

Affiliations
1 Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, CO

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated in vitro the growth promotion activity of endophytic bacteria extracted from different tissues of Dichantium aristatum from livestock farms localized in the zone of Santiago de Tolú, Sucre Department, Colombia. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Endophytic bacteria from different tissues were isolated, and the population was determined in CFU/g of tissue. Each isolated morphotype was used to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the BNF, PS, siderophore and indole acetic acid production in vitro. The bacteria that showed this activity were sequenced for identification for sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene for eubacteria. 62 morphotypes of endophyte bacteria from different Angleton pasture tissues were isolated, of which 28 had siderophore production, five ammonium ion production, 12 soluble phosphates and six indole acetic acid in mg/L. The population of these bacteria varied, from 3.210 × 10⁶ ± 1.2 × 10⁸ CFU/g of tissue, with higher quantity found in the Angleton pasture ischolar_mains. Findings: The results of the sequencing showed the presence of a high percentage of similarity with the bacterial species Serratia marcescens, Enterobacter cloacae and Bacillus cereus, presenting phosphate solubilization, reduction of N² to ammonium, and production of indole acetic acid and siderophores. Application: The findings of this study constitute important alternatives to mitigate the impact of the continuous use of pesticides in the production agricultural; the use of endophytic bacteria associated with vegetable species with the ability to produce multiple benefits has gained attention. Studies have shown the goodnesses of plant growth promoting-bacteria as an alternative for obtaining biofertilizers, with the ability to stimulate the growth and productivity of plants, making it are possible to improve the yield of crops.

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V. Jaime De La Ossa ¹, Donicer Montes-Vergara ¹, Maria Cecilia Monroy-Pineda ²

Affiliations
1 Universidad de Sucre, CO
2 Universidad de Sucre, Programa de Ingeniería Civil, CO

Abstract

Objective: Wildlife vehicle strikes were determined on a road that passes through the northwestern portion of Montes de María, a relictual area of a tropical dry forest in the Department of Sucre, Caribbean, and Colombia. Methods/statistical analysis: The study area was located between the Pechelín Bridge (9° 26’12’’ N - 75° 26’20’’ W) and Colosó (9° 29’10’’N - 75° 21’ 18’’O), Sucre, Colombia, an alternating tropical zonobioma. The study was carried out for 6 continuous months, from October, 2016 to March, 2017, with two routes/week, between 05:00 and 08:00, at an average speed of 15 km/hour. The samples were identified in situ. Duncan’s multiple range tests was applied for the analysis. Findings: Vehicle strikes of 66 amphibians (35.9%), 76 reptiles (41.3%), 12 birds (6.5%) and 30 mammals (16.3%) were recorded. There was no significant difference between the two analyzed seasons. The daily roadkill rate (TA) was 0.35 ind/day/km. According to the Duncan’s multiple range tests, the amphibian and reptile groups suffered significantly more roadkills; on the other hand, the species with the greater number of collisions were: Rhinella marina, Iguana iguana and Didelphis marsupialis. The roadkill rate in the present study was relatively high when compared with rates established in other studies. The proximity of the dry forest present with its relict landscape resulted in the high calculated value. Application: Wildlife vehicle strikes form a type of environmental deterioration that requires special attention. The results showed that preventive measures and corrective steps must be taken to avoid the negative impact of anthropic actions.

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