Rajani Gopal Gad ¹, S. Nirmala ², S. Narendar Sivvaswamy ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603 203, IN
2 Department of Biochemistry, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai 600 089, IN
3 SynkroMax Biotech Pvt Ltd, 118 First Floor, Kundrathur Main Road, M S Nagar, Porur, Chennai 600 116, IN

Abstract

Two species of Bacillus, namely, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus licheniformis, isolated from spoilt milk and soy flour, respectively, exhibited fibrinolytic enzyme (Nattokinase) activity. In the laboratory scale studies, of these two cultures, B. amyloliquefaciens produced the Fibrinolytic enzyme in higher quantities, 28.98 FU/mL, compared to 26.63 FU/mL in B. licheniformis. The maximal activities were obtained after 72 h. The optimum conditions at laboratory for maximal production of the fibrinolytic (Nattokinase) enzyme were: pH 7.2, temperature 37 C and agitation 200 rpm. In scale up trials in a 7 L fermentor, the fibrinolytic activity of B. amyloliquefaciens was 55.6 at 72 h. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be about 38 kDa. The enzyme had exhibited excellent blood clot dissolving property and therefore may be considered for further scale up and commercial exploitation.

Keywords

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Commercial Prospects, Fibrinolytic Enzyme, Nattokinase

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S. Sridevi ¹, S. Nirmala ², S. Nirmaladevi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dhirajlal Gandhi College of Technology, Salem, Tamilnadu, 636001, IN
2 Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram, Namakkal – DT, Tamilnadu, 637408, IN

Abstract

Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) are widely responsible for more than 10% of neonatal mortality in India. The objective of this work describes the sequential application of several techniques such as motion estimation, speckle suppression, image enhancement, image alignment and edge detection to delineate the edge structures of the fetal heart from clinical ultrasound images. The prominent image processing techniques used to localize the edge structures of fetal heart are Probabilistic Patch Based Weighted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (PPBMLE) based speckle noise suppression technique, Shock filter image enhancement technique and proposed modified edge detection with Binary connectedness based ANT algorithm. The main contribution of the proposed ANT algorithm for edge detection uses binary connectedness property among pixel intensities to efficiently update the heuristic information of ANT algorithm. The quantitative performance merit prove that the sequential application of the above mentioned image processing techniques was predominantly useful in delineating the ultrasound fetal heart structures and interpret pathophysiologic biomarkers from images.

Keywords

Ant Colony Optimization, Binary Connectedness, Congenital Heart Disease, Detection Morphology, Edge

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R. Praveena ¹, S. Nirmala ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sengunthar College of Engineering, Tiruchengode - 637 205, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram - 637408, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

This paper introduces a framework for the implementation of high throughput Multiplier for low Power Biomedical Signal Processing System-on-Chip (SoC) design for Portable ECG Monitoring Systems. In this paper the realization of Efficient Multiplier for the proposed architecture in the implementation of the Biomedical Signal SoC monitoring system is presented. Since the multiplier is the part of the processor core which needs more attention and a modified approach of generating partial product for successful multiplication of the bit streams has been presented. The proposed SoC incorporates a new architecture using the booth multiplier and sign extension multiplier for 4 bit, 8 bit and 16 bit performing multiplication on both signed and unsigned number. The implementation is further extended on the radix application of booth multiplier and sign extension method. Different parameters have been compared for both signed and unsigned multiplier. The implementation is done through VHDL on Quartus II synthesizer for Cyclone II family.

Keywords

Bit Serial Multiplier, MAC Unit, Radix Algorithm and Booth Recoding, Sign Extension, System on Chip.

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A. Meenakshi ¹, P. Suganthi ², R. Aghila ², S. Nirmala ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, K.L.N. College of Information Technology, Madurai – 630612, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, K.L.N. College of Information Technology, Madurai – 630612, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background: Data volume with respect to modern systems has been growing outwardly at a rapid rate. The systems also face a tough task of frequent re-scanning of the large datasets stored because of the updation process. Frequent re-scanning, updation and large corpus data leads to having larger retrieval time and decreased efficiency. Hence, the data retrieved by automated systems may not be efficient and accurate. Knowledge Based System using Dynamic decision Quad tree is employed in this paper. The Quad trees designed in this chapter helps in retrieving knowledge about the suitable plants for the given kind of soil. Methods: The Quad trees designed in this paper helps in retrieving knowledge about the suitable plants for the given kind of soil. The Dynamic decision Quad tree is built using the knowledge and information given by Edaphologists and domain experts. The system is made of two modules, namely Dynamic Quad Tree construction module and information retrieval module. In the first module, the obtained data is transformed to a dynamic Quad tree based knowledge data structure. In the information retrieval module, knowledge retrieval is carried out with the help of constructed knowledge base (XML). Findings: Efficient techniques have been developed and tailored for solving complex soil datasets using data mining. The proposed scheme exploits clustering and dynamic decision tree based system for better storage in edaphology compared to existing systems. Dynamic decision quad trees are tailored to make best retrieval in soil databases. Applications: Assist Edaphologists and agricultural experts in obtaining the right crops/plants for the given soil characteristics.

Keywords

Data mining, Edaphology, Information Retrieval, Knowledge Extraction

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