Shriram K. Vasudevan ¹, P. Prakash ¹, P. Sudhakar ², Srivathsan Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (University), Coimbatore - 641112, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Information Technology, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur - 639113, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background Objectives: Data transmission over a communication channel, should provide important facilities to be added, including data framing, error checking and to manage the channel. Methods/Stastical Analysis: This is a complete review paper and theoretically we intend to explain the basics of SONET / SDH, Architecture, Bit rates, Netowork configurations etc. All these are standardised and approved by ANSI. Conclusion: One would get to know what Synchronous Optical Network / Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SONET/SDH) is all about and how exactly are they used through this paper. Also, the merits and de-merits are completely analysed.

Keywords

Network Elements, Network Configuration, Optic Fiber, PDH, SDH, SONET, Versions of Network Cable

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P. Sundaram ¹, P. Sudhakar ¹, R. Yogeshwaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Chennai - 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objective: This paper presents a comparative study on the mathematical modeling of the drying characteristics of wheat grains and to estimate the suitable mathematical model of the drying behavior of the wheat at different operating parameters. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The drying experiments were performed in cylindrical fluidized bed dryer. Drying experiments were carried out with different operating parameters such as inlet air temperature (55, 60 and 65°C), air velocity (2.2, 2.4 and 2.6 m/sec) and initial moisture content of wheat (27.5, 30 and 32.5%) of total solid weight. Findings: The result of moisture content observed for various drying air temperature, velocity, and initial moisture content converted to the moisture ratio countenance with drying time at a corresponding time during their drying process. Thirteen mathematical models are compared based on their correlation coefficients, ischolar_mainmean square error, mean bias error and reduced -square to estimate the drying curves with the help of the experimental data. Among different model considered, the logarithmic model presented a better agreement with the data attained from the experiments. Application/ Improvements: It is used for agricultural and pharmaceutical drying process.

Keywords

Drying, Fluidized Bed Dryer, Moisture Ratio, Mathematical Model, Wheat.

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S. Vijay Ananth ¹, P. Sudhakar ²

Affiliations
1 PRIST University, Thanjavur – 613403, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar – 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Objective: Security of hidden data and the quality of the Stego image still is a challenge. This proposed research design implements Barcode encoder based steganography method that uses thermal images as cover image instead of often used colour images. Methods / Analysis: The data or text to be hidden is first encoded into equivalent barcode image. After the encoding process, the barcode image which has the original data is watermarked over a thermal image using improved Least Significant Bit (LSB) substitution process and generates distortion less Stego image. In reverse, De-Watermarking extracts and decodes the bar-coded data image from the Stego image to recover the original data. Findings: Use of both the barcode encoder for Cryptography and Thermal image for Steganography provides more security for the hidden data. Experimental outcomes of this research provide high performance on data security with improved PSNR and MSE. Application: Implementation of Thermal Image steganography can be utilised in Video data hiding with high data rate, thermal image to colour image conversion and temperature monitoring of power transformers.

Keywords

Cryptography, Barcode Encoder, LSB, Steganography, Stego Image, PSNR, MSE

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