S. L. Prathapa Reddy ¹, M. V. Subramanyam ², K. Satyaprasad ³

Affiliations
1 K.O.R.M College of Engineering, Kadapa - 516003, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Santhiram Engineering College, Nandyal, Kurnool - 518501, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 J N T University, Kakinada - 533003, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To propose power control techniques used in MAC protocol for wireless networks. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Energy reductions techniques are essential for wireless networks, as battery powered wireless hosts have limited energy. Hence energy aware techniques with power saving mechanisms are restored to conserve energy of nodes in wireless networks. Power based connectivity is an ad-hoc implements power control mechanisms to enhance network life by improving throughput, cost effective routes and spatial reuse. This study proposes hybrid optimization for “Medium Access Control (MAC)” protocol to implement coordination functions and power control mechanisms. Hybrid optimization is based on “Genetic Algorithm (GA)” and “Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA)”. Findings: Experiments with hybrid optimization are compared to GA fuzzy rules and Fuzzy methods. The result reveal that two hop power control with GA fuzzy logic method lowers route discovery time, increases cache replies, minimizes simulation time and end to end delay in contrast to DSR routing and two hop routing protocols. Application/Improvements: The new hybrid GA-GSA has a throughput of 8.89% and 1.62% and low end to end delay of 13.66% and 2% compared to Fuzzy and GA based Fuzzy respectively.

Keywords

DSR Routing, Fuzzy Logic, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), Medium Access Control (MAC).

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Pprasanna Murali Krishna ¹, M. V. Subramanyam ², K. Satya Prasad ³

Affiliations
1 Jawaharlal Technological University, kakinada - 533003, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Santhiram Engineering College, Nandyal - 518501, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Electrinics and Communication Engineering Department, Jawaharlal Technological University, kakinada - 533003, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The objective of this work is to improve efficient resource sharing in a Peer to Peer based Wireless Mesh Network using Hybrid Swarm Intelligence approach. Methods/Analysis: It is difficult to maintain a stable Distributed Hash Table (DHT) in a wireless environment due to frequent node mobility, multi-hop nature, link quality etc., The QoS parameters such as Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), End to End Delay, Network Load, No. of hops to look up etc are severely affected by node mobility when structured peer to peer algorithm such as chord is applied in a muli-hop environment like wireless mesh network. The proposed method takes link quality, End to End delay, PDR, Query response time into consideration to improve the performance of chord. We have employed meta-heuristic algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), FireFly algorithm (FF), a hybrid of PSO-FF to improve the performance of chord when applied over a multi-hop environment. Findings: The simulations are conducted when nodes are static and mobile. The performance of CHORD/PSO-FF is compared with CHORD/PSO and CHORD/FF and results showed improved performance in both the cases. Applications/Improvements: This hybrid approach improved the performance of chord protocol in a wireless mesh network when nodes are static and dynamic.

Keywords

Chord, FireFly Algorithm, Hybrid PSO FF, Particle Swarm Optimization, QoS Parameters, Wireless Mesh Network.

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Balamuralikrishna Potti ¹, M. V. Subramanyam ², K. Satya Prasad ³

Affiliations
1 JNTUK, Kakinada - 533 003, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of ECE, Santhiram Engineering College, Nandyal, Kurnool - 518 501, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of ECE, University College of Engineering, JNTUK, Kakinada - 533 003, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The objective of this work is to mitigate starvation in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) being deployed in today's LAN, WAN and Internet topologies by employing a novel optimization method. Methods/Analysis: The QoS performance of WMNs is severely affected by a problem called starvation where nodes that are one-hop away from the gateway monopolize the channel so that far away nodes get starved of channel access. We propose a hybrid genetic algorithmic approach to mitigate starvation in WMNs by dynamic adjustment of contention window of mesh nodes optimally. In this approach, Genetic Algorithm incorporated with Gravitational Search Algorithm is used. Findings: Simulations are conducted using the proposed method for multimedia traffic with AODV as the routing protocol. The performance of the proposed method is compared with priority-based method, pure GA optimization, Fair Binary Exponential Back-off algorithm (FBEB) and IEEE 802.11. The local search capability of GSA incorporated in our proposed method improves the throughput by 24.64% than priority-based method and by 3.56% than pure GA optimization. In our approach, we observed a significant decrease in end-to-end delay compared to pure GA optimization. Improvement in fairness is found along one-hop, two-hop and three-hop nodes when compared with FBEB. The FBEB algorithm adjusts the CW size by indirectly estimating the traffic in communication medium leading to lesser throughput whereas our proposed method changes the CW size dynamically based on QoS parameters of network nodes leading to improvement in throughput. The proposed method increases throughput by 5.10% than IEEE 802.11 and by 1.25% than FBEB at one-hop. The proposed method increases throughput by 66.67% than IEEE 802.11 and by 22.61% than FBEB at two-hop. Application/Improvement: Our hybrid Genetic optimization method improves QoS performance of Wireless Mesh networks by avoiding throughput imbalances among users and reducing end-to-end delay effectively.

Keywords

Contention Window, Genetic Algorithm, Gravitational Search Algorithm, Starvation, Wireless Mesh Networks.

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